冰川退缩地15种丛藓科植物茎的比较结构学观察
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摘要
应用石蜡切片和扫描电镜方法对一号冰川退缩地生长的15种丛藓科植物茎的结构及表面微形态特征进行观察,结果表明:该地区的15种丛藓科植物的茎分为具中轴和无中轴两类,其细胞壁均有不同程度的加厚。而具中轴的丛藓科植物的茎又分为表皮、皮部、中轴三部分,茎表皮细胞短,1层,细胞壁大多向外突出,表面粗糙,表面纹饰多为颗粒状;皮部所占面积最大,大部分有内、外皮部的分化,大多数种的细胞壁由外向内逐渐变薄,细胞由小到大整齐排列;中轴所占的面积也不同,其细胞壁多具角隅加厚;而没有中轴分化的种类,其各自细胞壁加厚的程度基本一致。
We used paraffin sections and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) to observe the structure and surface micromorphological characteristics of the stems of 15 species of Pottiaceae that grown from the retreat of Glacier No.1.The stem of Pottiaceae was divided into two types with central axis and no central axes.The cell walls were thickened to different degrees.The stems of central axis were divided into three parts of epidermal,cortex and central axis.Stem epidermis cells are short with one layer,most of the cell wall protrudes outward,the surface is rough,and the surface decoration is mostly granular.The cortex is the largest area,most of which have differentiation of the inner and outer skin.The cell walls of most species gradually become thinner from the outside to the inside,and the cells are orderly arranged from small to large.The area of the central axis is also different,the cell wall corner is thickened.For no central axes,the cell walls were thickened to the same extent.
We used paraffin sections and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) to observe the structure and surface micromorphological characteristics of the stems of 15 species of Pottiaceae that grown from the retreat of Glacier No.1.The stem of Pottiaceae was divided into two types with central axis and no central axes.The cell walls were thickened to different degrees.The stems of central axis were divided into three parts of epidermal,cortex and central axis.Stem epidermis cells are short with one layer,most of the cell wall protrudes outward,the surface is rough,and the surface decoration is mostly granular.The cortex is the largest area,most of which have differentiation of the inner and outer skin.The cell walls of most species gradually become thinner from the outside to the inside,and the cells are orderly arranged from small to large.The area of the central axis is also different,the cell wall corner is thickened.For no central axes,the cell walls were thickened to the same extent.
引文
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13.寇瑾,白学良,冯超,等.丛藓科植物叶细胞疣和乳突的光镜观察及其分类学意义[J].西北植物学报,2012,32(11):2224-2231.Kou J,Bai X L,Feng C,et al.Light microscope observation of leaf papillae and mammillae in Pottiaceae and their taxonomic sense[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2012,32(11):2224-2231.
14.Werner O,Ros R M,Cano M J,et al.Molecular phylogeny of Pottiaceae(Musci)based on chloroplast rps4 sequence data[J].Plant Systematics and Evolution,2004,243(3-4):147-164.
15.Werner O,K9ckinger H,Jiménez J A,et al.Molecular and morphological studies on the Didymodon tophaceus complex[J].Plant Biosystems-An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology:Official Journal of the Societa Botanica Italiana,2009,143(S1):S136-S145.
16.王虹,阿布都拉·阿巴斯,范兆田,等.四种旱生藓类植物的比较结构学观察[J].云南植物研究,2000,22(1):38-40.Wang H,Abbas A,Fan Z T,et al.A comparison of structures among four xerophic mosses[J].Acta Botanica Yunnanica,2000,22(1):38-40.
17.王虹,姜彦成,苏俊.一号冰川地区4种藓类植物的解剖学研究[J].植物研究,2008,28(1):25-29.Wang H,Jiang Y C,Su J.Anatomy Studies of four mosses in glacier No.1 of Xinjiang[J].Bulletin of Botanical Research,2008,28(1):25-29.
18.王虹,逯永满,王剑虹,等.新疆5种丛藓科植物的解剖学研究[J].植物科学学报,2014,32(1):8-13.Wang H,Lu Y M,Wang J H,et al.Anatomy studies of five species of Pottiaceae from Xinjiang[J].Plant Science Journal,2014,32(1):8-13.
19.王虹,艾菲热·阿布都艾尼,阿腾古丽.高寒冰缘区15种藓类植物茎的形态结构研究[J].西北植物学报,2017,37(10):1962-1971.Wang H,Aifeire A,Atengguli.Morphological studies on stem of fifteen species of bryophytes from alpine periglacial region[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2017,37(10):1962-1971.
20.艾菲热·阿布都艾尼,王虹.乌鲁木齐河源区10种真藓属植物茎的解剖学分析[J].干旱区研究,2016,33(5):1081-1087.Aifeire A,Wang H.Anatomic features of the stems of 10species in Bryum from the headwaters of the Urumqi River[J].Arid Zone Research,2016,33(5):1081-1087.
21.詹琪芳,王幼芳,李粉霞,等.两种生境下的8种藓类植物茎结构的比较解剖学研究[J].西北植物学报,2006,26(2):217-225.Zhan Q F,Wang Y F,Li F X,et al.Comparison of stem structures of eight mosses in two habitats[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2006,26(2):217-225.
22.刘倩,王欣欣,王幼芳,等.中国美喙藓属和长喙藓属植物的茎横切结构比较研究[J].西北植物学报,2009,29(9):1846-1852.Liu Q,Wang X X,Wang Y F,et al.Comparison of the stem cross section of Eurhynchium and Rhynchostegium of Chinese Brachytheciaceae(Musci)[J].Acta Botanica BorealiOccidentalia Sinica,2009,29(9):1846-1852.
23.Ryozo W,Isao K.Systematic studies on the conducting tissur of the gametophyte in Musci(5)What is expected of systematics regarding the inner structure of the stem in some species of Thuidiaceae[J].The Science Reports of the Kanazawa University,1975,20(1):21-76.
24.Isawo K.Systematic studies on the conducting tissue of the gametophyte in Musci(Ⅱ)Anatomical characteristics of stems in some species of Leucobryaceae[J].The Science Reports of the Kanazawa University,1980,25(1):31-42.
25.克里斯蒂安·柯勒著.高山植物功能生态学[M].吴宁,罗鹏,译.北京:科学出版社,2009.K9rner C.Alpine plant life:functional plant ecology of high mountain ecosystems[M].Wu N,Luo P,trans.Beijing:Science Press,2009.
26.胡人亮.苔藓植物学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1987.Hu R L.Bryology[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,1987.
2.安黎哲,刘艳红,冯虎元,等.乌鲁木齐河源区高寒冰缘植物化学元素的含量特征[J].西北植物学报,2000,20(6):1063-1069.An L Z,Liu Y H,Feng H Y,et al.Studies on the characteristics of element contents of altifrigetic subnival vegetation at the source area of Urumqi River[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2000,20(6):1063-1069.
3.黎兴江,臧穆,曾淑英.西藏苔藓植物志[M].北京:科学出版社,1985:64-132.Li X J,Zang M,Zeng S Y.Bryoflora of Xizang[M].Beijing:Science Press,1985:64-132.
4.高谦.中国苔藓志:第2卷[M].北京:科学出版社,1995:113-260.Gao Q.Flora bryophytarum sinicorum:Vol 2[M].Beijing:Science Press,1995:113-260.
5.白学良.内蒙古苔藓植物志[M].呼和浩特:内蒙古大学出版社,1997:162-231.Bai X L.Flora bryophytarum intramongolicarum[M].Hohhot:Inner Mongolia University Press,1997:162-231.
6.吴玉环,程国栋,高谦.苔藓植物的生态功能及在植被恢复与重建中的作用[J].中国沙漠,2003,23(3):215-220.Wu Y H,Cheng G D,Gao Q.Bryophyte's ecology functions and its significances in revegetation[J].Journal of Desert Research,2003,23(3):215-220.
7.王虹,艾菲热·阿布都艾尼.乌鲁木齐河源区12种藓类植物叶尖的微形态结构[J].西北植物学报,2016,36(2):323-331.Wang H,Aifeire A.Micromorphological structure of leaf apex of twelve species of bryophytes from the source area of Urumqi river[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2016,36(2):323-331.
8.任冬梅.中国丛藓科植物系统分类及区系地理分布研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古大学,2011.Ren D M.Studies on taxonomy and flora of Pottiaceae in China[D].Hohhot:Inner Mongolia University,2011.
9.田桂泉,白学良,徐杰,等.固定沙丘生物结皮层藓类植物形态结构及其适应性研究[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(2):249-255.Tian G Q,Bai X L,Xu J,et al.Morphological and structural properties as well as adaptation of mosses in Microbiotic soil crusts on fixed dunes[J].Journal of Desert Research,2005,25(2):249-255.
10.Zander R H.Genera of the Pottiaceae:mosses of harsh environments[J].Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences,1993,32:1-378.
11.王晓蕊,王立宝,李敏,等.16种丛藓科(Pottiaceae)植物蒴齿形态特征及其系统学意义[J].植物研究,2013,33(2):129-133.Wang X R,Wang L B,Li M,et al.Peristome morphology characteristics of 16 species of family Pottiaceae and their systematic significance[J].Bulletin of Botanical Research,2013,33(2):129-133.
12.黄士良,王晓蕊,金红霞,等.丛藓科18种藓类植物孢子萌发与原丝体发育特征研究[J].河北师范大学学报:自然科学版,2015,39(1):71-78.Huang S L,Wang X R,Jin H X,et al.Studies on the characteristics of spore germination and protonema development of eighteen species of family Pottiaceae[J].Journal of Hebei Normal University:Natural Science Edition,2015,39(1):71-78.
13.寇瑾,白学良,冯超,等.丛藓科植物叶细胞疣和乳突的光镜观察及其分类学意义[J].西北植物学报,2012,32(11):2224-2231.Kou J,Bai X L,Feng C,et al.Light microscope observation of leaf papillae and mammillae in Pottiaceae and their taxonomic sense[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2012,32(11):2224-2231.
14.Werner O,Ros R M,Cano M J,et al.Molecular phylogeny of Pottiaceae(Musci)based on chloroplast rps4 sequence data[J].Plant Systematics and Evolution,2004,243(3-4):147-164.
15.Werner O,K9ckinger H,Jiménez J A,et al.Molecular and morphological studies on the Didymodon tophaceus complex[J].Plant Biosystems-An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology:Official Journal of the Societa Botanica Italiana,2009,143(S1):S136-S145.
16.王虹,阿布都拉·阿巴斯,范兆田,等.四种旱生藓类植物的比较结构学观察[J].云南植物研究,2000,22(1):38-40.Wang H,Abbas A,Fan Z T,et al.A comparison of structures among four xerophic mosses[J].Acta Botanica Yunnanica,2000,22(1):38-40.
17.王虹,姜彦成,苏俊.一号冰川地区4种藓类植物的解剖学研究[J].植物研究,2008,28(1):25-29.Wang H,Jiang Y C,Su J.Anatomy Studies of four mosses in glacier No.1 of Xinjiang[J].Bulletin of Botanical Research,2008,28(1):25-29.
18.王虹,逯永满,王剑虹,等.新疆5种丛藓科植物的解剖学研究[J].植物科学学报,2014,32(1):8-13.Wang H,Lu Y M,Wang J H,et al.Anatomy studies of five species of Pottiaceae from Xinjiang[J].Plant Science Journal,2014,32(1):8-13.
19.王虹,艾菲热·阿布都艾尼,阿腾古丽.高寒冰缘区15种藓类植物茎的形态结构研究[J].西北植物学报,2017,37(10):1962-1971.Wang H,Aifeire A,Atengguli.Morphological studies on stem of fifteen species of bryophytes from alpine periglacial region[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2017,37(10):1962-1971.
20.艾菲热·阿布都艾尼,王虹.乌鲁木齐河源区10种真藓属植物茎的解剖学分析[J].干旱区研究,2016,33(5):1081-1087.Aifeire A,Wang H.Anatomic features of the stems of 10species in Bryum from the headwaters of the Urumqi River[J].Arid Zone Research,2016,33(5):1081-1087.
21.詹琪芳,王幼芳,李粉霞,等.两种生境下的8种藓类植物茎结构的比较解剖学研究[J].西北植物学报,2006,26(2):217-225.Zhan Q F,Wang Y F,Li F X,et al.Comparison of stem structures of eight mosses in two habitats[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2006,26(2):217-225.
22.刘倩,王欣欣,王幼芳,等.中国美喙藓属和长喙藓属植物的茎横切结构比较研究[J].西北植物学报,2009,29(9):1846-1852.Liu Q,Wang X X,Wang Y F,et al.Comparison of the stem cross section of Eurhynchium and Rhynchostegium of Chinese Brachytheciaceae(Musci)[J].Acta Botanica BorealiOccidentalia Sinica,2009,29(9):1846-1852.
23.Ryozo W,Isao K.Systematic studies on the conducting tissur of the gametophyte in Musci(5)What is expected of systematics regarding the inner structure of the stem in some species of Thuidiaceae[J].The Science Reports of the Kanazawa University,1975,20(1):21-76.
24.Isawo K.Systematic studies on the conducting tissue of the gametophyte in Musci(Ⅱ)Anatomical characteristics of stems in some species of Leucobryaceae[J].The Science Reports of the Kanazawa University,1980,25(1):31-42.
25.克里斯蒂安·柯勒著.高山植物功能生态学[M].吴宁,罗鹏,译.北京:科学出版社,2009.K9rner C.Alpine plant life:functional plant ecology of high mountain ecosystems[M].Wu N,Luo P,trans.Beijing:Science Press,2009.
26.胡人亮.苔藓植物学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1987.Hu R L.Bryology[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,1987.