蒙脱石的湿法机械球磨剥离
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摘要
以内蒙古钙基蒙脱石为原料,通过湿法改型、改性制备了钠基蒙脱石和有机蒙脱石。分别以钙基蒙脱石、钠基蒙脱石和有机蒙脱石为对象,在乙醇中湿法机械球磨、超声处理蒙脱石,利用XRD、TEM、AFM等手段研究了机械球磨法对不同层间离子的蒙脱石剥离效果。结果表明,内蒙古钙基蒙脱石湿法钠化及有机化效果良好,机械球磨法剥离钠基蒙脱石效果最佳,剥离型蒙脱石片层尺寸小于200 nm,其平均厚度约为15 nm;有机蒙脱石层间有机物具有稳定蒙脱石片层的作用,有机改性不能促进机械球磨法对蒙脱石片层的剥离。
Na-montmorillonite and organo-montmorillonite were prepared by modification of Inner Mongolia Ca-montmorillonite. Exfoliation of Ca-montmorillonite, Na-montmorillonite and organomontmorillonite were carried out by mechanical milling in alcohol solvent,followed by ultrasonication in alcohol. The structure of exfoliated montmorillonites were studied by XRD,TEM and AFM. The results indicated that exfoliation of Na-montmorillonite was easier than that of Ca-montmorillonite and organomontmorillonite. The plane size of the exfoliated Na-montmorillonite is less than 200 nm with the average thickness of 15 nm. Organic-modification of montmorillonite cannot promote the exfoliation of montmorillonite because the presence of the alkyl chain in organo-montmorillonite have a stabilized influence on the structure.
Na-montmorillonite and organo-montmorillonite were prepared by modification of Inner Mongolia Ca-montmorillonite. Exfoliation of Ca-montmorillonite, Na-montmorillonite and organomontmorillonite were carried out by mechanical milling in alcohol solvent,followed by ultrasonication in alcohol. The structure of exfoliated montmorillonites were studied by XRD,TEM and AFM. The results indicated that exfoliation of Na-montmorillonite was easier than that of Ca-montmorillonite and organomontmorillonite. The plane size of the exfoliated Na-montmorillonite is less than 200 nm with the average thickness of 15 nm. Organic-modification of montmorillonite cannot promote the exfoliation of montmorillonite because the presence of the alkyl chain in organo-montmorillonite have a stabilized influence on the structure.
引文
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[4]Luckham P F,Rossi S.The colloidal and rheological properties of bentonite suspensions[J].Advances in Colloid and Interface Science,1999,82(1):43-92.
[5]Vanerek A,Alince B,Van D V T.Delamination and flocculation efficiency of sodium-activated kaolin and montmorillonite[J].Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,2006,273(1):193-201.
[6]Shi X,Gan Z.Preparation and characterization of poly(propylene carbonate)/montmorillonite nanocomposites by solution intercalation[J].European Polymer Journal,2007,43(12):4852-4858.
[7]Wang L,He X,Wilkie C A.The utility of nanocomposites in fire retardancy[J].Materials,2010,3(9):4580-4606.
[8]杨晓凤,彭龙贵,林雅.剥离型聚苯胺/蒙脱石介孔材料制备与结构表征[J].硅酸盐通报,2015,34(9):2448-2451.
[9]吴哲超,祝宝东,王鉴,等.黏土矿物/聚合物复合高吸水材料研究进展[J].硅酸盐通报,2015,34(9):2557-2561.
[10]Venugopal B,Sen S,Shivakumara C,et al.Delamination of surfactant intercalated smectites in alcohols:effect of chain length of the solvent[J].Applied Clay Science,2006,32(1):141-146.
[11]Budin S,Almanar I P,Kamaruddin S,et al.Modeling of vial and ball motions for an effective mechanical milling process[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2009,(9):4312-4319.
[12]Galimberti M,Coombs M,Cipolletti V,et al.Delaminated and intercalated organically modified montmorillonite in poly(1,4-cis-isoprene)matrix.Indications of counterintuitive dynamic-mechanical behavior[J].Applied Clay Science,2014,97:8-16.
[13]Ramadan A R,Esawi A M,Gawad A A.Effect of ball milling on the structure of Na+-montmorillonite and organo-montmorillonite(Cloisite30B)[J].Applied Clay Science,2010,47(3):196-202.
[14]Radisavljevic B,Radenovic A,Brivio J,et al.Single-layer Mo S2 transistors[J].Nature Nanotechnology,2011,6(3):147-150.
[15]姜桂兰,张培萍.膨润土加工与应用[M].北京,化学工业出版社,2005:24.
[16]刘国玉,刘曙光.膨润土的有机改性研究[J].硅酸盐通报,2009,28(2):285-288.
[17]朱建喜,何宏平,郭九皋,等.HDTMA+柱撑离子空间几何尺寸与柱撑蒙脱石层间排列方式的研究[J].矿物岩石,2004,23(4):1-4.
[18]Jones T R.The properties and uses of clays which swell in organic solvents[J].Clay Minerals,1983,18(4),399-401.
[19]MadejováJ.FTIR techniques in clay mineral studies[J].Vibrational spectroscopy,2003,31:1-10.
[20]Breen C,MadejováJ,Komadel P.Characterisation of moderately acid-treated,size-fractionated montmorillonites using IR and MAS NMR spectroscopy and thermal analysis[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry,1995,5:469-474.
[21]Dékány I,SzántóF,Weiss A,et al.Interactions of hydrophobic layer silicates with alcohol-benzene mixtures II.structure and composition of the adsorption layer[J].Berichte der Bunsengesellschaft für physikalische Chemie,1986,90(5):427-431.