基于线粒体16SrRNA基因序列的长江下游重要水体脆弱象鼻溞群体遗传结构分析
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摘要
为了解长江下游地区10个水体脆弱象鼻溞群体的遗传结构,研究测定了脆弱象鼻溞(Bosmina fatalis)线粒体16SrRNA基因序列,结果显示,100个样本中共有8个变异位点,定义了9个单倍型,单倍型多样性(Hd=0.284)和核苷酸多样性(Nd=0.000 76)均较低。AMOVA分子变异分析结果表明,脆弱象鼻溞遗传分化主要来自群体内,占93.33%,群体间的变异低,占6.67%。Fst值统计检验表明,各水体之间遗传分化不显著。系统发育树和中介网络图说明脆弱象鼻溞单倍型间关系较近,未形成明显谱系地理格局。中性检验和错配分布结果说明脆弱象鼻溞出现过群体扩张现象。
This study aims to investigate the genetic structure of B.fatalis from 10 water bodies from the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.By using mitochondrial 16 SrRNA,100 individuals were sequenced and analyzed.The results showed that8 variable sites were detected,and 9 haplotypes were defined based on the 16 SrRNA sequences.It indicated a lower haplotype diversity(Hd=0.284) and nucleotide diversity(Nd=0.000 76) in these populations.Molecular variance analysis(AMOVA) demonstrated that most variation was explained by"within populations"(93.33%),and there is no significant variation among populations(6.67%).The Fst revealed no significant difference among all water bodies.Haplotypes dispersed in different populations showed no obvious geographical structure in the phylogenetic tree and haplotype network.Neutrality and mismatch distribution test indicated that there was recent population expansion of B.fatalis in spatial scales.
This study aims to investigate the genetic structure of B.fatalis from 10 water bodies from the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.By using mitochondrial 16 SrRNA,100 individuals were sequenced and analyzed.The results showed that8 variable sites were detected,and 9 haplotypes were defined based on the 16 SrRNA sequences.It indicated a lower haplotype diversity(Hd=0.284) and nucleotide diversity(Nd=0.000 76) in these populations.Molecular variance analysis(AMOVA) demonstrated that most variation was explained by"within populations"(93.33%),and there is no significant variation among populations(6.67%).The Fst revealed no significant difference among all water bodies.Haplotypes dispersed in different populations showed no obvious geographical structure in the phylogenetic tree and haplotype network.Neutrality and mismatch distribution test indicated that there was recent population expansion of B.fatalis in spatial scales.
引文
[1]Taylor D J,Ishikane C R,Haney R A.The systematics of Holarctic bosminids and a revision that reconciles molecular and morphological evolution[J].Limnol Oceanogr,2002,47(5):1486-1495.
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[5]Kappes H,Sinsch U.Morphological variation in Bosmina longirostris,(Crustacea:Cladocera):consequence of cyclomorphosis or indication of cryptic species[J].J Zool Syst Evol Res,2002,40(3):113-122.
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[7]Shi X,Tang L,Li S,et al.The effects of CO2on sestonic stoichiometry and community structure of crustacean zooplankton in a eutrophic lake:Increased competitive ability of Bosmina[J].Biochem Syst Ecol,2015,60:1-7.
[8]秦钦,许志强,边文冀,等.斑点叉尾鮰线粒体DNA控制区结构和群体遗传多样性分析[J].淡水渔业,2011,41(4):50-54.
[9]徐田军,孙悦娜,廖智,等.日本囊对虾4个地理群体线粒体16SrRNA序列及遗传结构分析[J].动物学杂志,2010,45(2):93-100.
[10]Kotov A A,Ishida S,Taylor D J.Revision of the genus Bosmina Baird,1845(Cladocera:Bosminidae),based on evidence from male morphological characters and molecular phylogenies[J].Zool J Linn Soc,2009,156(1):1-51.
[11]Anderson F E.Phylogeny and historical biogeography of the Loliginid squids(Mollusca:Cephalopoda)based on mitochondrial DNA sequence data[J].Mol Phylogen Evol,2000,15(2):191-214.
[12]Grant W,Bowen B W.Shallow population histories in deep evolutionary lineages of marine fishes:Insights from sardines and anchovies and lessons for conservation[J].J Heredity,1998,89(5):415-426.
[13]Taylor D J,Crease T J,Brown W M.Phylogenetic evidence for a single long-lived clade of crustacean cyclic parthenogens and its implications for the evolution of sex[J].Proc R Soc B Biol Sci,1999,266(1421):791.
[14]Rousset F.Genetic differentiation and estimation of gene flow from F-statistics under isolation by distance[J].Genetics,1997,145:1219-1228.
[15]Wright S.Evolution and the Genetics of Populations[M].Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1978:499-506.
[16]胡红娟,颜庆云,倪加加,等.武汉东湖圆形盘肠溞种群遗传结构分析[J].水生生物学报,2013,37(6):1007-1012.
[17]Weider L J,Hobk A,Crease T J,et al.Molecular characterization of clonal population structure and biogeography of arctic apomictic Daphnia from Greenland and Iceland[J].Mol Ecol,1996,5(1):107-108.
[2]蒋燮治,堵南山.中国动物志·淡水枝角类[M].北京:科学出版社,1979.
[3]范凤娟.中国象鼻溞的形态学与分子系统学研究[D].广州:暨南大学,2010.
[4]Post D M,Frost T M,Kitchell J F.Morphological responses by Bosmina longirostris and Eubosmina tubicen to changes in copepod predator populations during a whole-lake acidification experiment[J].J Plankton Res,1995,17(8):1621-1632.
[5]Kappes H,Sinsch U.Morphological variation in Bosmina longirostris,(Crustacea:Cladocera):consequence of cyclomorphosis or indication of cryptic species[J].J Zool Syst Evol Res,2002,40(3):113-122.
[6]Locke A,Sprules W G.Effects of acidic p H and phytoplankton on survival and condition of Bosmina longirostris and Daphnia pulex[J].Hydrobiologia,2000,437(1):187-196.
[7]Shi X,Tang L,Li S,et al.The effects of CO2on sestonic stoichiometry and community structure of crustacean zooplankton in a eutrophic lake:Increased competitive ability of Bosmina[J].Biochem Syst Ecol,2015,60:1-7.
[8]秦钦,许志强,边文冀,等.斑点叉尾鮰线粒体DNA控制区结构和群体遗传多样性分析[J].淡水渔业,2011,41(4):50-54.
[9]徐田军,孙悦娜,廖智,等.日本囊对虾4个地理群体线粒体16SrRNA序列及遗传结构分析[J].动物学杂志,2010,45(2):93-100.
[10]Kotov A A,Ishida S,Taylor D J.Revision of the genus Bosmina Baird,1845(Cladocera:Bosminidae),based on evidence from male morphological characters and molecular phylogenies[J].Zool J Linn Soc,2009,156(1):1-51.
[11]Anderson F E.Phylogeny and historical biogeography of the Loliginid squids(Mollusca:Cephalopoda)based on mitochondrial DNA sequence data[J].Mol Phylogen Evol,2000,15(2):191-214.
[12]Grant W,Bowen B W.Shallow population histories in deep evolutionary lineages of marine fishes:Insights from sardines and anchovies and lessons for conservation[J].J Heredity,1998,89(5):415-426.
[13]Taylor D J,Crease T J,Brown W M.Phylogenetic evidence for a single long-lived clade of crustacean cyclic parthenogens and its implications for the evolution of sex[J].Proc R Soc B Biol Sci,1999,266(1421):791.
[14]Rousset F.Genetic differentiation and estimation of gene flow from F-statistics under isolation by distance[J].Genetics,1997,145:1219-1228.
[15]Wright S.Evolution and the Genetics of Populations[M].Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1978:499-506.
[16]胡红娟,颜庆云,倪加加,等.武汉东湖圆形盘肠溞种群遗传结构分析[J].水生生物学报,2013,37(6):1007-1012.
[17]Weider L J,Hobk A,Crease T J,et al.Molecular characterization of clonal population structure and biogeography of arctic apomictic Daphnia from Greenland and Iceland[J].Mol Ecol,1996,5(1):107-108.