授粉品种对‘富贵红’火龙果果实主要性状的影响
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摘要
探索适宜的授粉品种,为提高富贵红火龙果果实品质及商品价值提供理论参考,6个火龙果品种与富贵红火龙果组成6个授粉组合,从授粉果的外观品质、内在品质、坐果率、裂果率、果实发育成熟时间及种子性状等指标着手,研究了不同品种花粉对富贵红火龙果果实主要性状的影响。结果表明,各处理均可明显提高果实的坐果率和单果重,降低裂果率,使种子数增多,千粒重增重;蜜红、金都一号、大红均可提高果实可食率和可溶性固形物含量,改善果肉的颜色和风味;蜜红、金都一号、大红、喜香红均可提高果实总糖、维生素C和氨基酸总量,降低总酸含量。因此,生产上可适当选配蜜红、金都一号、大红等火龙果良种中的1个或几个作为富贵红火龙果异花授粉的花粉源。
To select desirable parents for cross-pollination,effect of severalvarieties of Fuguihong pitaya(Hylocereus undulatus Britt)on the properties of the fruits was studied.The appearance,eating quality,fruiting,cracking and development time of the fruits,as well as characteristics of the seeds produced from the flowerscrosspollinated between Fuguihong and 6 varieties of pitaya were compared.Significant improvements on fruiting percentage,single fruit weight,seed count and weight per thousand grains,as well asreductions onincidents of fruit cracking were found because of the cross-pollination.Among the pollen-donor plants,Mihong,Jinduyihao and Dahong also provided the resulting fruits with large edible portion,high soluble solids,and attractive flesh color and flavor;while,Mihong,Jinduyihao,Dahong and Xixianghong,increased totalsugars,vitamin C,and total amino acids,butreduced total acid.Therefore,it appeared that using Mihong,Jinduyihao and/or Dahong pitaya to pollinate the flowers on Fuguihong could enhancethe fruit qualities.
To select desirable parents for cross-pollination,effect of severalvarieties of Fuguihong pitaya(Hylocereus undulatus Britt)on the properties of the fruits was studied.The appearance,eating quality,fruiting,cracking and development time of the fruits,as well as characteristics of the seeds produced from the flowerscrosspollinated between Fuguihong and 6 varieties of pitaya were compared.Significant improvements on fruiting percentage,single fruit weight,seed count and weight per thousand grains,as well asreductions onincidents of fruit cracking were found because of the cross-pollination.Among the pollen-donor plants,Mihong,Jinduyihao and Dahong also provided the resulting fruits with large edible portion,high soluble solids,and attractive flesh color and flavor;while,Mihong,Jinduyihao,Dahong and Xixianghong,increased totalsugars,vitamin C,and total amino acids,butreduced total acid.Therefore,it appeared that using Mihong,Jinduyihao and/or Dahong pitaya to pollinate the flowers on Fuguihong could enhancethe fruit qualities.
引文
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[11]张静茹,孟照刚,巩文红.花粉直感对黑宝石李果实品质的影响[J].果树学报,2009,26(6):836-839.
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[13]贺熙勇,陶丽,倪书邦,等.花粉直感对澳洲坚果‘O.C’果实形态和品质性状的影响[J].经济林研究,2016,34(1):76-82.
[14]陶丽,贺熙勇,倪书邦,等.澳洲坚果开花授粉特性的研究[J].热带作物学报,2010,31(3):349-354.
[15]胡子有,李立志,邓俭英,等.花粉直感对火龙果果实品质的影响[J].广东农业科学,2011,(18):38-40.
[16]秦立者,李保国,齐国辉.果树花粉直感研究进展[J].河北林果研究,2002,(4):371-375.
[2]王琦,高慧颖,郑亚凤,等.利用茂谷橘橙异花授粉提高福橘果实品质[J].福建农业学报,2015,30(7):662-666.
[3]周天平,李小孟,陈伟,等.授粉品种对真龙果实品质影响的初步研究[J].中国南方果树,2015,44(5):42-44.
[4]刘友接,熊月明,卢新坤,等.不同品种授粉对‘东刘1号’荔枝果实主要性状的影响[J].热带作物学报,2011,32(5):796-799.
[5]邱燕萍,戴宏芬,李志强,等.不同品种授粉对桂味荔枝果实品质的影响[J].果树学报,2006,23(5):703-706.
[6]杨芩,李性苑,田鑫,等.花粉直感对“杰兔眼”蓝莓着果率和果实品质的影响[J].中国南方果树,2015,44(4):70-72.
[7]刘妮,陶书田,张绍铃,等.授粉品种对库尔勒香梨果实萼片宿存及品质的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2011,34(3):43-47.
[8]沙海峰,朱元娣,高琪洁,等.花粉直感对京白梨品质的影响[J].果树学报,2006,23(2):287-289.
[9]陈一帆,沈建生,王华新.利用灰色关联分析法对早凤王桃花粉直感效应的综合评判[J].江西农业学报,2011,23(7):9-11.
[10]陆致成,孙海龙,张静茹,等.5个李品种花粉直感效应研究[J].中国南方果树,2015,44(4):73-76.
[11]张静茹,孟照刚,巩文红.花粉直感对黑宝石李果实品质的影响[J].果树学报,2009,26(6):836-839.
[12]齐秀娟,韩礼星,李明,等.3个猕猴桃品种花粉直感效应研究[J].果树学报,2007,24(6):774-777.
[13]贺熙勇,陶丽,倪书邦,等.花粉直感对澳洲坚果‘O.C’果实形态和品质性状的影响[J].经济林研究,2016,34(1):76-82.
[14]陶丽,贺熙勇,倪书邦,等.澳洲坚果开花授粉特性的研究[J].热带作物学报,2010,31(3):349-354.
[15]胡子有,李立志,邓俭英,等.花粉直感对火龙果果实品质的影响[J].广东农业科学,2011,(18):38-40.
[16]秦立者,李保国,齐国辉.果树花粉直感研究进展[J].河北林果研究,2002,(4):371-375.