渤海稠油热采井井口抬升距离预测研究
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摘要
我国渤海油田具有丰富的稠油资源,稠油储量占总储量65%以上。海上稠油开发受到平台面积、作业环境的限制,一般采用蒸汽吞吐方式进行开发。实际生产中,随着多轮次的蒸汽注入容易导致井口抬升或者损坏,严重威胁平台井口装置及管线安全。目前关于热采井井口抬升的研究大部分针对自由套管受热后的轴向伸长,当固井水泥环返至井口时不再适用。本文考虑全井固井条件下,井口附近套管-水泥环胶结失效后水泥环对套管的摩阻约束,分析了套管-水泥环接触压力及水泥环摩擦阻力变化规律,建立了井口抬升距离预测模型。根据该模型对渤海油田南堡区块A井注汽作业时井口抬升距离进行了15轮次的预测分析,预测结果表明:15轮次内的井口最大抬升距离为15.28 cm,现场实测抬升距离为14.99 cm,误差仅为1.93%,其余各轮次预测误差均小于5%,满足工程需要。该研究对于现场合理选择热采井井口装置具有重要意义。
The Bohai oil field in China has abundant heavy oil resource, which is about more than 65% of the total reserves. Offshore heavy oil exploration is limited by platform area and operating environment, so cyclic steam injection is often adopted. In actual production, many rounds of steam injection can lead to wellhead growth and damage easily. It seriously threatens the safety of wellhead equipment and the pipeline. At present, most studies of thermal recovery wellhead growth are about the axial extension of free casing when heated, it's not applied to casing which is cemented. In this paper, by considering the well cementing to the wellhead and casing constrained by cement friction after cementing failure, the casing and cement contact pressure and cement sheath friction change law are analyzed and a wellhead growth prediction model is established. The wellhead growth during 15 rounds of steam in.jection of the well A in Nanpu blocks in Bohai oilfield is predicted and analyzed with this model. The results showed that the maximum wellhead growth in 15 rounds steam injection is 15.28 cm, the measured growth is 14.99 cm, the error is only 1.93%. The prediction error in all other rounds is less than 5%, which meet the needs in engineering. This research has great significance for selecting wellhead equipment rationally in thermal recovery wells.
The Bohai oil field in China has abundant heavy oil resource, which is about more than 65% of the total reserves. Offshore heavy oil exploration is limited by platform area and operating environment, so cyclic steam injection is often adopted. In actual production, many rounds of steam injection can lead to wellhead growth and damage easily. It seriously threatens the safety of wellhead equipment and the pipeline. At present, most studies of thermal recovery wellhead growth are about the axial extension of free casing when heated, it's not applied to casing which is cemented. In this paper, by considering the well cementing to the wellhead and casing constrained by cement friction after cementing failure, the casing and cement contact pressure and cement sheath friction change law are analyzed and a wellhead growth prediction model is established. The wellhead growth during 15 rounds of steam in.jection of the well A in Nanpu blocks in Bohai oilfield is predicted and analyzed with this model. The results showed that the maximum wellhead growth in 15 rounds steam injection is 15.28 cm, the measured growth is 14.99 cm, the error is only 1.93%. The prediction error in all other rounds is less than 5%, which meet the needs in engineering. This research has great significance for selecting wellhead equipment rationally in thermal recovery wells.
引文
[1] Mcspadden A R, Glover S. Analysis of Complex Wellhead Load Events for Conductor and Surface Casing Strings[C]//SPE/IADC Drilling Conference and Exhibition. Amsterdam:The Netherlands, 2009:119357-MS
[2] Liang Q. Casing Thermal Stress and Wellhead Growth Behaviors Analysis[M]. 2012
[3]钱大伟,许兵,刘宝生,等.海上探井稠油热采测试井口抬升问题的对策研究[J].钻采工艺,2014, 37(6):62-64QIAN Dawei, XU Bing, LIU Baosheng, et al.Countermeature Research on Wellhead Lifting in Offshore Oilfield Heavy Oil Exploration Well Thermal Recovery Test[J].Drilling&Production Technology, 2014, 37(6):62-64
[4] Li J, Guo B, Yang S, et al. The Complexity of Thermal Effect on Rock Failure in Gas-Drilling Shale-Gas Wells[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science&Engineering, 2014, 21:255-259
[5]王宴滨,高德利,房军.深水钻井测试与生产过程井口抬升计算[J].石油矿场机械,2015(10):61-64WANG Yanbing, GAO Deli, FANG Jun. Analysis of Wellhead Growth of Deepwater Well During Production and Well Testing[J]. Oil Field Equipment, 2015, 44(10):61-64
[6] Aasen J A, Aadnφy B S. Multistring Analysis of Well Growth[C]//IADC/SPE Asia Pacific Drilling Technology Conference and Exhibition. Kuala Lumpur:Malaysia,2004:88024-MS
[7] Sathuvalli U B, Suryanarayana P V. StructuralCasing/Soil Interaction Effects on Wellhead Motion[J].SPE Drilling&Completion, 2016, 31(4):273-285
[8] Samuel G R, Gonzales A. Optimization of Multi-string Casing Design with Wellhead Growth[C]//SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Houston:Texas, 1999:56762-MS
[9]林元华,熊浩,邓宽海,等.一种预测井口抬升高度的新方法[J].石油钻采工艺,2016, 38(5):628-632LIN Yuanhua, XIONG Hao, Deng Kuanhai,et al. A New Method for Predicting the Wellhead Growth[J]. Oil Drilling&Prodution Technology, 2016, 38(5):628-632
[10]张智,王汉.考虑环空热膨胀压力分析高温高压气井井口抬升[J].工程热物理学报,2017, 38(2):267-276ZHANG zhi, WANG Han. Analysis of Wellhead Growth Considering the Annulus Thermal Expansion Pressure in HPHT Gas Wells[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2017, 38(2):267-276
[11]卢亚锋,佘朝毅,马辉运,等.多管柱热应力模型预测采气井口装置的抬升[J].天然气工业,2015, 35(2):76-80LU Yafeng, SHE Chaoyi, MA Huiyun, et al. Uplift Prediction of Gas-Producing Wellhead Equipment of Gas Production Wells By Use of A Multi-Strincg Thermal Stress Model[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2015, 35(2):76-80
[12]王兆会,马兆忠.热采井温度对餐套管性能的影响及预应力值计算方法[J].钢管,2007, 36(4):24-27WANG Zhaohui, MA Zhaozhong. Effect by Thermal Well Temperature on Casing Properties and Calculation Method for Pretension[J]. Steel Pipe, 2007, 36(4):24-27
[13]刘坤芳,张兆银,孙晓明等.注蒸汽井套管热应力分析及管柱强度设计[J].石油钻探技术1994, 22(4):36-40LIU Kunfang, ZHANG Zhaoyin, SUN Xiaoming, et al.Analysis of Steam-In.jected Well Casing Thermal Stress and Casing String Strength Design[J]. Petroleum drilling techniques, 1994, 22(4):36-40
[14]练章华,施太和,王兆会等.稠油热采井套管热应力场分析[C]//石油管工程应用基础研究论文集.2001:229-235LIAN Zhanghua, SHI Taihe, WANG Zhaohui, et al. Thermal Stress Field Analysis of Casing in Thermal Recovery Wells of Heavy Oil[C]//Collection of research papers on Application of petroleum pipe engineering, 2001:229-235
[15]聂海光.注蒸汽井套管热应力及残余应力理论研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2003NIE Haiguang. Theoretical Study on Thermal Stress and Residual Stress of Casing in Steam Injection Wells[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University, 2003
[16]张德兵.影响套管和水泥环结构完整性的因素及规律[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2013ZHANG Debing. Effect Factors and Laws on Casing and Cement Ring Structure Integrity[D]. Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University, 2013
[17]王照亮,王杏花,梁金国.注汽井井筒温度分布的模拟计算[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2003, 27(1):76-79WANG Zhaoliang, WANG Xinghua, LIANG Jinguo. Simulation Model for Temperature Distribution in Steam Injection Well Bore[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science), 2003, 27(1):76-79
[18]徐玉兵,崔孝秉.注蒸汽井温度场分析计算设计原理[J].石油钻采工艺,1996, 18(4):53-61XU Yubing, CUI Xiaobing. Analysis and Calculation Method of Temperature Field of Steam Injection Well[J].Oil Drilling&Prodution Technology, 1996, 18(4):53-61
[2] Liang Q. Casing Thermal Stress and Wellhead Growth Behaviors Analysis[M]. 2012
[3]钱大伟,许兵,刘宝生,等.海上探井稠油热采测试井口抬升问题的对策研究[J].钻采工艺,2014, 37(6):62-64QIAN Dawei, XU Bing, LIU Baosheng, et al.Countermeature Research on Wellhead Lifting in Offshore Oilfield Heavy Oil Exploration Well Thermal Recovery Test[J].Drilling&Production Technology, 2014, 37(6):62-64
[4] Li J, Guo B, Yang S, et al. The Complexity of Thermal Effect on Rock Failure in Gas-Drilling Shale-Gas Wells[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science&Engineering, 2014, 21:255-259
[5]王宴滨,高德利,房军.深水钻井测试与生产过程井口抬升计算[J].石油矿场机械,2015(10):61-64WANG Yanbing, GAO Deli, FANG Jun. Analysis of Wellhead Growth of Deepwater Well During Production and Well Testing[J]. Oil Field Equipment, 2015, 44(10):61-64
[6] Aasen J A, Aadnφy B S. Multistring Analysis of Well Growth[C]//IADC/SPE Asia Pacific Drilling Technology Conference and Exhibition. Kuala Lumpur:Malaysia,2004:88024-MS
[7] Sathuvalli U B, Suryanarayana P V. StructuralCasing/Soil Interaction Effects on Wellhead Motion[J].SPE Drilling&Completion, 2016, 31(4):273-285
[8] Samuel G R, Gonzales A. Optimization of Multi-string Casing Design with Wellhead Growth[C]//SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. Houston:Texas, 1999:56762-MS
[9]林元华,熊浩,邓宽海,等.一种预测井口抬升高度的新方法[J].石油钻采工艺,2016, 38(5):628-632LIN Yuanhua, XIONG Hao, Deng Kuanhai,et al. A New Method for Predicting the Wellhead Growth[J]. Oil Drilling&Prodution Technology, 2016, 38(5):628-632
[10]张智,王汉.考虑环空热膨胀压力分析高温高压气井井口抬升[J].工程热物理学报,2017, 38(2):267-276ZHANG zhi, WANG Han. Analysis of Wellhead Growth Considering the Annulus Thermal Expansion Pressure in HPHT Gas Wells[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2017, 38(2):267-276
[11]卢亚锋,佘朝毅,马辉运,等.多管柱热应力模型预测采气井口装置的抬升[J].天然气工业,2015, 35(2):76-80LU Yafeng, SHE Chaoyi, MA Huiyun, et al. Uplift Prediction of Gas-Producing Wellhead Equipment of Gas Production Wells By Use of A Multi-Strincg Thermal Stress Model[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2015, 35(2):76-80
[12]王兆会,马兆忠.热采井温度对餐套管性能的影响及预应力值计算方法[J].钢管,2007, 36(4):24-27WANG Zhaohui, MA Zhaozhong. Effect by Thermal Well Temperature on Casing Properties and Calculation Method for Pretension[J]. Steel Pipe, 2007, 36(4):24-27
[13]刘坤芳,张兆银,孙晓明等.注蒸汽井套管热应力分析及管柱强度设计[J].石油钻探技术1994, 22(4):36-40LIU Kunfang, ZHANG Zhaoyin, SUN Xiaoming, et al.Analysis of Steam-In.jected Well Casing Thermal Stress and Casing String Strength Design[J]. Petroleum drilling techniques, 1994, 22(4):36-40
[14]练章华,施太和,王兆会等.稠油热采井套管热应力场分析[C]//石油管工程应用基础研究论文集.2001:229-235LIAN Zhanghua, SHI Taihe, WANG Zhaohui, et al. Thermal Stress Field Analysis of Casing in Thermal Recovery Wells of Heavy Oil[C]//Collection of research papers on Application of petroleum pipe engineering, 2001:229-235
[15]聂海光.注蒸汽井套管热应力及残余应力理论研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2003NIE Haiguang. Theoretical Study on Thermal Stress and Residual Stress of Casing in Steam Injection Wells[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University, 2003
[16]张德兵.影响套管和水泥环结构完整性的因素及规律[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2013ZHANG Debing. Effect Factors and Laws on Casing and Cement Ring Structure Integrity[D]. Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University, 2013
[17]王照亮,王杏花,梁金国.注汽井井筒温度分布的模拟计算[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2003, 27(1):76-79WANG Zhaoliang, WANG Xinghua, LIANG Jinguo. Simulation Model for Temperature Distribution in Steam Injection Well Bore[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science), 2003, 27(1):76-79
[18]徐玉兵,崔孝秉.注蒸汽井温度场分析计算设计原理[J].石油钻采工艺,1996, 18(4):53-61XU Yubing, CUI Xiaobing. Analysis and Calculation Method of Temperature Field of Steam Injection Well[J].Oil Drilling&Prodution Technology, 1996, 18(4):53-61