玩具及儿童用品油漆粉末中总铅标准样品的研制
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摘要
<正>铅是一种毒性较大的重金属元素,且容易被儿童吸收,世界卫生组织(WHO)研究表明儿童通过内脏摄取的铅是成年人的4～5倍~([1])。儿童血液中铅含量过高会影响儿童的智力,包括说话能力、记忆力和注意力~([2-3])。目前国际上众多国家都出台了相关法规或标准限制相关产品中铅的使用。欧盟《关于限制在电子电器设备中使用某些有害成分的指
引文
[1] WHO.Air quality guidelines for Europe[M].Copenhagen:WHO Regional Office for Europe,1987.
[2] Committee on Measuring Lead in Critical Populations.Measuring lead exposure in infants,children,and other sensitive populations[M].Washington,DC:The National Academies Press,1993.
[3]李敏,林玉锁.城市环境铅污染及其对人体健康的影响[J].环境监测管理与技术,2006,18(5):6-10.
[4] 2011/65/EU The European parliament and the council on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment[S].
[5] CPSIA Consumer product safety improvement act of2008[S].
[6] SOR/2005-109-2011 Surface coating materials regulations[S].
[7] GB 24613-2009玩具用涂料中有害物质限量[S].
[8]刘崇华,杨丹华,田勇,等.玩具油漆涂层可迁移重金属标准样品的研制[J].理化检验-化学分册,2016,52(10):1169-1171.
[9] GB/T 22788-2016玩具及儿童用品材料中总铅含量的测定[S].
[10]曹宏燕,钱家松,王成章,等.标准物质均匀性检验和统计方法研究[J].分析科学学报,1995,11(3):51-54.
[11]胡晓燕.标准样品的均匀性检验及判断[J].冶金分析,1999,19(1):41-43.
[12]曹宏燕,闻向东,余卫华.分析测试统计方法和质量控制[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2017.
[13] LIU C H,DING Z Y,TIAN Y,et al.Discussion on homogeneity assessment of reference materials based on uncertainty comparison method[J].Accreditation and Quality Assurance,2018,23(2):103-108.
[14] PD ISO GUIDE 35:2017 Reference materials-Guidance for characterization and assessment of homogeneity and stability[S].
[15] GB/T 15000.3-2008标准样品工作导则(3)标准样品定值的一般原则和统计方法[S].
[16] GB/T 6379.2-2004测量方法与结果的准确度(正确度与精密度)第2部分:正确标准测量方法重复性与再现性的基本方法[S].
[17] GB/T 4883-2008数据的统计处理和解释正态样本离群值的判断和处理[S].
[2] Committee on Measuring Lead in Critical Populations.Measuring lead exposure in infants,children,and other sensitive populations[M].Washington,DC:The National Academies Press,1993.
[3]李敏,林玉锁.城市环境铅污染及其对人体健康的影响[J].环境监测管理与技术,2006,18(5):6-10.
[4] 2011/65/EU The European parliament and the council on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment[S].
[5] CPSIA Consumer product safety improvement act of2008[S].
[6] SOR/2005-109-2011 Surface coating materials regulations[S].
[7] GB 24613-2009玩具用涂料中有害物质限量[S].
[8]刘崇华,杨丹华,田勇,等.玩具油漆涂层可迁移重金属标准样品的研制[J].理化检验-化学分册,2016,52(10):1169-1171.
[9] GB/T 22788-2016玩具及儿童用品材料中总铅含量的测定[S].
[10]曹宏燕,钱家松,王成章,等.标准物质均匀性检验和统计方法研究[J].分析科学学报,1995,11(3):51-54.
[11]胡晓燕.标准样品的均匀性检验及判断[J].冶金分析,1999,19(1):41-43.
[12]曹宏燕,闻向东,余卫华.分析测试统计方法和质量控制[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2017.
[13] LIU C H,DING Z Y,TIAN Y,et al.Discussion on homogeneity assessment of reference materials based on uncertainty comparison method[J].Accreditation and Quality Assurance,2018,23(2):103-108.
[14] PD ISO GUIDE 35:2017 Reference materials-Guidance for characterization and assessment of homogeneity and stability[S].
[15] GB/T 15000.3-2008标准样品工作导则(3)标准样品定值的一般原则和统计方法[S].
[16] GB/T 6379.2-2004测量方法与结果的准确度(正确度与精密度)第2部分:正确标准测量方法重复性与再现性的基本方法[S].
[17] GB/T 4883-2008数据的统计处理和解释正态样本离群值的判断和处理[S].