基于空间特征的MIMO穿墙雷达墙杂波抑制
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摘要
在穿墙成像中,墙体反射波相对于目标回波具有很强的能量,因此对目标的成像及检测造成严重干扰。传统的空域滤波方法基于单发单收阵列体制,利用墙体空间特征不变性有效地抑制墙体杂波。随着MIMO技术越来越多的应用于穿墙雷达,墙体空间特征发生变化,该方法不再适用于MIMO穿墙雷达回波。为解决这一问题,该文分析了MIMO穿墙雷达回波中墙体与目标回波的空间特征,参数化建模结果表明,墙体回波的空间特征与天线阵列的位置无关且具有对称性,而目标回波不具有该特性。根据两者的这一差异,该文提出对称消去法来消除墙体回波。仿真结果表明该方法能够有效地消除墙体杂波,且能够保留目标的全部信息。
In Through-the Wall Imaging(TWI),wall reflections are often stronger than the target,hence they make great interference on the imaging and detection of the target.Spatial filtering based on single input and single output is a traditional method for wall-clutter mitigation,whereas it is not applicable to MIMO Through-the-Wall Radar(TWR).In this paper,the spatial signatures of wall and target from MIMO TWR measurements are analyzed respectively.The results based on parametric models show that the wall reflections not only have no relations with positions of antenna array,but also have symmetry properties,whereas the target reflections do not.According to the above difference,a new method called symmetry subtraction for suppressing wall reflections is introduced.Simulation results indicate that the proposed method can suppress efficiently the wall reflections without affecting target signal.
In Through-the Wall Imaging(TWI),wall reflections are often stronger than the target,hence they make great interference on the imaging and detection of the target.Spatial filtering based on single input and single output is a traditional method for wall-clutter mitigation,whereas it is not applicable to MIMO Through-the-Wall Radar(TWR).In this paper,the spatial signatures of wall and target from MIMO TWR measurements are analyzed respectively.The results based on parametric models show that the wall reflections not only have no relations with positions of antenna array,but also have symmetry properties,whereas the target reflections do not.According to the above difference,a new method called symmetry subtraction for suppressing wall reflections is introduced.Simulation results indicate that the proposed method can suppress efficiently the wall reflections without affecting target signal.
引文
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[9]Jin Tian,Lou Jun,and Zhou Zhi-min.Extraction of landmine features using a forward-looking ground penetrating radar with MIMO array[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2012,50(10):4135-4144.
[10]金添,娄军,宋千,等.虚拟孔径天线配置及其成像性能研究[J].电子与信息学报,2011,33(10):2458-2463.Jin Tian,Lou Jun,Song Qian,et al..Study on antenna configuration of virtual aperture and its associated imaging performance[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2011,33(10):2458-2463.
[11]Lu Bi-ying,Zhao Yang,Sun Xin,et al..Design and analysis of ultra wide band split transmit virtual aperture array for through the wall imaging[J],International Journal of Antennas and Propagation,2013,DOI:10.1155/2013/934509.
[12]王涵宁,陆必应,周智敏,等.一种基于时域差分的穿墙雷达BP成像算法[J].现代雷达,2012,34(1):44-48.Wang Han-ning,Lu Bi-ying,Zhou Zhi-min,et al..A backprojection algorithm to through-the-wall radar imaging based on time-domain difference[J].Modern Radar,2012,34(1):44-48.
[13]Sun Xin,Lu Bi-ying,Jin Tian,et al..A fast echo construction method in through the wall simulation and analysis[C].Proceedings of Image Analysis Signal Processing,Hangzhou,2012:208-212.
[14]Jackson J A,Rigling B D,and Moses R L.Canonical scattering feature models for 3D and bistatic SAR[J].IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,2010,46(2):525-541.
[2]介利军,欧阳缮,杨洁.超宽带穿墙雷达成像技术研究[J].现代雷达,2012,34(5):35-39.Jie Li-jun,Ouyang Shan,and Yang Jie.A study on ultra wideband through-wall radar imaging technology[J].Modern Radar,2012,34(5):35-39.
[3]王涵宁,陆必应,周智敏,等.基于墙体参数估计的穿墙成像与校正算法[J].雷达科学与技术,2011,5(4):430-436.Wang Han-ning,Lu Bi-ying,Zhou Zhi-min,et al..An algorithm of through-wall imaging and correction based on the estimation of wall parameters[J].Radar Science and Technology,2011,5(4):430-436.
[4]Gaikwad A N,Singh D,and Nigam M J.Application of clutter reduction techniques for detection of metallic and low dielectric target behind the brick wall by stepped frequency continuous wave radar in ultra-wideband range[J].IET Radar,Sonar&Navigation,2011,5(4):416-425.
[5]Jin Tian,Chen Bo,and Zhou Zhi-min.Image-domain estimation of wall parameters for autofocusing of throughthe-wall SAR imagery[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2013,51(3):1836-1843.
[6]Yoon Y S and Amin M G.Spatial filtering for wall-clutter mitigation in through-the-wall radar imaging[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2009,47(9):3192-3208.
[7]陈浩文,黎湘,庄钊文.一种新兴的雷达体制—MIMO雷达[J].电子学报,2012,40(6):1190-1198.Chen Hao-wen,Li Xiang,and Zhuang Zhao-wen.A rising radar system—MIMO radar[J].Acta Electronica Sinica,2012,40(6):1190-1198.
[8]吴世有,谭恺,徐艳云,等.超宽带穿墙雷达天线阵列配置分析及运动人体跟踪成像算法[J].电子与信息学报,2012,34(11):2601-2607.Wu Shi-you,Tan Kai,Xu Yan-yun,et al..Study on UWB through-wall radar antenna array configuration and moving person tracking and imaging algorithm[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2012,34(11):2601-2607.
[9]Jin Tian,Lou Jun,and Zhou Zhi-min.Extraction of landmine features using a forward-looking ground penetrating radar with MIMO array[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2012,50(10):4135-4144.
[10]金添,娄军,宋千,等.虚拟孔径天线配置及其成像性能研究[J].电子与信息学报,2011,33(10):2458-2463.Jin Tian,Lou Jun,Song Qian,et al..Study on antenna configuration of virtual aperture and its associated imaging performance[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2011,33(10):2458-2463.
[11]Lu Bi-ying,Zhao Yang,Sun Xin,et al..Design and analysis of ultra wide band split transmit virtual aperture array for through the wall imaging[J],International Journal of Antennas and Propagation,2013,DOI:10.1155/2013/934509.
[12]王涵宁,陆必应,周智敏,等.一种基于时域差分的穿墙雷达BP成像算法[J].现代雷达,2012,34(1):44-48.Wang Han-ning,Lu Bi-ying,Zhou Zhi-min,et al..A backprojection algorithm to through-the-wall radar imaging based on time-domain difference[J].Modern Radar,2012,34(1):44-48.
[13]Sun Xin,Lu Bi-ying,Jin Tian,et al..A fast echo construction method in through the wall simulation and analysis[C].Proceedings of Image Analysis Signal Processing,Hangzhou,2012:208-212.
[14]Jackson J A,Rigling B D,and Moses R L.Canonical scattering feature models for 3D and bistatic SAR[J].IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,2010,46(2):525-541.