甜樱桃不同品种内源激素含量与裂果相关性初步研究
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摘要
甜樱桃裂果危害其商品价值。为了探索不同品种间裂果差异性,内源激素水平与裂果的相关性,笔者选取3种早熟品种(‘红灯’、‘早大果’、‘美早’)、2种晚熟品种(‘龙田晚红’、‘红玛瑙’)进行研究。检测了不同品种成熟期的裂果率,检测并比较了正常果与裂果果肉中的生长素(IAA)、赤霉素(GA3)、脱落酸(ABA)含量。结果表明,早熟品种的裂果率普遍大于晚熟品种,且‘红灯’>‘早大果’>‘美早’>‘龙田晚红’>‘红玛瑙’。所有品种果实果肉中内源激素的含量裂果均高于正常果,且所有品种果肉中脱落酸含量越大裂果率越高。因此,推测甜樱桃裂果与成熟期脱落酸含量升高有关。本试验结果为甜樱桃生产中选栽适宜品种,有效减少裂果率,提高商品性提供理论依据。
The cracking of sweet cherry harms its commercial value. To explore the differences in fruit cracking between cultivars and to explore the correlation between endogenous hormone levels and fruit cracking, we selected 3 early-maturing cultivars(‘Hongdeng',‘Zaodaguo', and‘Meizao'), and 2 latematuring cultivars(‘Longtianwanhong' and ‘Hongmanao') and examined their fruit cracking rate, and compared the contents of auxin(IAA), gibberellin(GA3) and abscisic acid(ABA) in pulp of normal fruits and cracked fruits. The results showed that: the fruit cracking rate of early-maturing cultivar was generally higher than that of late-maturing one, with‘Hongdeng'>‘Zaodaguo'>‘Meizao'>‘Longtianwanhong'>‘Hongmanao', and the contents of endogenous hormones in pulps of the cracked fruits of all cultivars were higher than that of the normal fruits, and the higher the content of ABA in fruits, the higher the fruit cracking rate was. Therefore, it is inferred that the fruit cracking of sweet cherry is related to the increase of ABA content in mature period. The results provide a basis for selecting suitable cultivars for sweet cherry production, reducing the fruit cracking rate and improving the commercial quality.
The cracking of sweet cherry harms its commercial value. To explore the differences in fruit cracking between cultivars and to explore the correlation between endogenous hormone levels and fruit cracking, we selected 3 early-maturing cultivars(‘Hongdeng',‘Zaodaguo', and‘Meizao'), and 2 latematuring cultivars(‘Longtianwanhong' and ‘Hongmanao') and examined their fruit cracking rate, and compared the contents of auxin(IAA), gibberellin(GA3) and abscisic acid(ABA) in pulp of normal fruits and cracked fruits. The results showed that: the fruit cracking rate of early-maturing cultivar was generally higher than that of late-maturing one, with‘Hongdeng'>‘Zaodaguo'>‘Meizao'>‘Longtianwanhong'>‘Hongmanao', and the contents of endogenous hormones in pulps of the cracked fruits of all cultivars were higher than that of the normal fruits, and the higher the content of ABA in fruits, the higher the fruit cracking rate was. Therefore, it is inferred that the fruit cracking of sweet cherry is related to the increase of ABA content in mature period. The results provide a basis for selecting suitable cultivars for sweet cherry production, reducing the fruit cracking rate and improving the commercial quality.
引文
[1]张琪静,谷大军.甜樱桃果实裂果机理研究进展[J].果树学报,2014,31(4):704-709.
[2] Vittrup C J. Rain-induced cracking of sweet cherries:its causes and prevention[M].Webster A D, Looney N E. In:Cherries:crop physiology, production and uses, CAB International, ox-on, UK,1996:297-327.
[3] Sawada E. Studies on the cracking of cherries. I.The casuse of cracking[J].Agriculture and Horticulture,1931,6:964-892.
[4] Kerteszz. I, Nebel B R. Observations on the cracking of cherries[J].Plant Physiology,1935,10:763-772.
[5]魏国芹,孙玉刚,秦志华,等.甜樱桃裂果机理及防治技术研究进展[J].山东农业科学,2011(7):59-63.
[6]夏永秀,廖明安,邱利娜.甜樱桃裂果与防治研究进展[J].中国果树,2010(2):55-59.
[7]段娜,贾玉奎,徐军,等.植物内源激素研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(2):159-165.
[8]卢艳清,赵锦,刘孟军.果树裂果研究进展[J].河北林果研究,2008,23(2):200-205.
[9]李三玉,陈苑虹,吕均良,等.玉环柚果实内源激素含量与裂果关系的研究[J].科技通报,1999(3):7-10.
[10]邱燕萍,陈洁珍,欧良喜,等.糯米糍荔枝裂果与内源激素变化的关系[J].果树学报,1999(4):276-279.
[11]拉莲梅,刘小利,顾文毅.8个大果樱桃品种特性比较及综合评价[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(35):62-63.
[12]苑博华,廖祥儒,郑晓洁,等.吲哚乙酸在植物细胞中的代谢及其作用[J].生物学通报,2005(4):21-23.
[13]刘丙花,姜远茂,彭福田,等.甜樱桃红灯果实发育过程中果肉及种子内源激素含量变化动态[J].果树学报,2008(4):593-596.
[14]李保珠,赵翔,安国勇.赤霉素的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(1):1-5.
[15]郭文雅,赵京献,郭伟珍.脱落酸(ABA)生物学作用研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(21):205-210.
[16]杨卫民,杜京旗,赵君,等.ABA与NO,GA在枣果实发育期的网络关系与拮抗效应探讨[J].山西农业科学,2014,42(2):195-198,202.
[17]李彦玲,杨爱珍,孟泽,等.枣果皮组织结构与裂果关系研究[J].北京农学院学报,2016,31(2):34-41.
[18]高江曼,孟莹,刘庆,等.赤霞珠葡萄生长发育过程中内源激素的变化及其与果实成熟的关系[J].食品科学,2017,38(7):167-175.
[19]齐开杰,赵碧英,张虎平,等.两个梨品种果实发育过程中果肉及种子内源激素的变化[J].中国南方果树,2016,45(1):18-22,26.
[20]刘仁道,何瑞生,范理璋.内源激素与甜樱桃营养生长的关系[J].北方园艺,2001(6):20-21.
[21]刘丙花.甜樱桃(Prunus avium L.)果实发育和萌芽与内源激素关系研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2008:28-32.
[22]李建伟.‘红灯’甜樱桃(Prunus avium L.)果实内源激素年动态及外源激素效应研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2007:26-27.
[23] Knoche M, Beyer M, Peschel S, et al. Changes in strain and deposition of cuticle in developingsweet cherry fruit[J]. Physiologic Plantarum,2004,120:667-677.
[24] Knoche M, Peschel S. Water on the surface aggravates microscopic cracking of the sweet cherry fruit cuticle[J]. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science,2006,131:192-200.
[25]阮晓,王强,周疆明,等.香梨的果表突起和落果裂果与果实中内源激素之间的关系(简报)[J].植物生理学通讯,2001(3):220-221.
[26]周晏起,卜庆雁.干旱胁迫下果树内源激素变化规律研究进展[J].北方果树,2011(3):1-4.
[27]张永红,葛徽衍,王永茂,等.大棚樱桃裂果气象因素分析及防御技术[J].陕西农业科学,2017,63(2):97-98,102.
[2] Vittrup C J. Rain-induced cracking of sweet cherries:its causes and prevention[M].Webster A D, Looney N E. In:Cherries:crop physiology, production and uses, CAB International, ox-on, UK,1996:297-327.
[3] Sawada E. Studies on the cracking of cherries. I.The casuse of cracking[J].Agriculture and Horticulture,1931,6:964-892.
[4] Kerteszz. I, Nebel B R. Observations on the cracking of cherries[J].Plant Physiology,1935,10:763-772.
[5]魏国芹,孙玉刚,秦志华,等.甜樱桃裂果机理及防治技术研究进展[J].山东农业科学,2011(7):59-63.
[6]夏永秀,廖明安,邱利娜.甜樱桃裂果与防治研究进展[J].中国果树,2010(2):55-59.
[7]段娜,贾玉奎,徐军,等.植物内源激素研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(2):159-165.
[8]卢艳清,赵锦,刘孟军.果树裂果研究进展[J].河北林果研究,2008,23(2):200-205.
[9]李三玉,陈苑虹,吕均良,等.玉环柚果实内源激素含量与裂果关系的研究[J].科技通报,1999(3):7-10.
[10]邱燕萍,陈洁珍,欧良喜,等.糯米糍荔枝裂果与内源激素变化的关系[J].果树学报,1999(4):276-279.
[11]拉莲梅,刘小利,顾文毅.8个大果樱桃品种特性比较及综合评价[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(35):62-63.
[12]苑博华,廖祥儒,郑晓洁,等.吲哚乙酸在植物细胞中的代谢及其作用[J].生物学通报,2005(4):21-23.
[13]刘丙花,姜远茂,彭福田,等.甜樱桃红灯果实发育过程中果肉及种子内源激素含量变化动态[J].果树学报,2008(4):593-596.
[14]李保珠,赵翔,安国勇.赤霉素的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(1):1-5.
[15]郭文雅,赵京献,郭伟珍.脱落酸(ABA)生物学作用研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(21):205-210.
[16]杨卫民,杜京旗,赵君,等.ABA与NO,GA在枣果实发育期的网络关系与拮抗效应探讨[J].山西农业科学,2014,42(2):195-198,202.
[17]李彦玲,杨爱珍,孟泽,等.枣果皮组织结构与裂果关系研究[J].北京农学院学报,2016,31(2):34-41.
[18]高江曼,孟莹,刘庆,等.赤霞珠葡萄生长发育过程中内源激素的变化及其与果实成熟的关系[J].食品科学,2017,38(7):167-175.
[19]齐开杰,赵碧英,张虎平,等.两个梨品种果实发育过程中果肉及种子内源激素的变化[J].中国南方果树,2016,45(1):18-22,26.
[20]刘仁道,何瑞生,范理璋.内源激素与甜樱桃营养生长的关系[J].北方园艺,2001(6):20-21.
[21]刘丙花.甜樱桃(Prunus avium L.)果实发育和萌芽与内源激素关系研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2008:28-32.
[22]李建伟.‘红灯’甜樱桃(Prunus avium L.)果实内源激素年动态及外源激素效应研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2007:26-27.
[23] Knoche M, Beyer M, Peschel S, et al. Changes in strain and deposition of cuticle in developingsweet cherry fruit[J]. Physiologic Plantarum,2004,120:667-677.
[24] Knoche M, Peschel S. Water on the surface aggravates microscopic cracking of the sweet cherry fruit cuticle[J]. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science,2006,131:192-200.
[25]阮晓,王强,周疆明,等.香梨的果表突起和落果裂果与果实中内源激素之间的关系(简报)[J].植物生理学通讯,2001(3):220-221.
[26]周晏起,卜庆雁.干旱胁迫下果树内源激素变化规律研究进展[J].北方果树,2011(3):1-4.
[27]张永红,葛徽衍,王永茂,等.大棚樱桃裂果气象因素分析及防御技术[J].陕西农业科学,2017,63(2):97-98,102.