浑善达克沙地白槽沟植物资源研究
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摘要
浑善达克沙地白槽沟发育有不同于沙地的植被类型,且种类多、丰富度高、盖度高。通过对白槽沟的植被调查,分析该地植物区系、植物组成、群落结构,结果表明:1)研究区有维管植物360种,以中生多年生草本及东亚成分最丰富;分属于73科224属,以菊科种数最多,其次为禾本科,显示出沟谷区域的植物多样性较沙地强。2)植物的生活型组成中多年生草本占优势,占全部维管植物的60%;以中生植物为主,占研究区全部维管植物的61%,其次为旱生植物,湿生和水生植物较少,显示白槽沟所处的位置是半干旱区的特点。3)植物种的区系类型可划分为16个,物种中有丰富的药用植物、观赏植物、食用植物、编织用植物等多种资源类型;植物群落可划分为针叶林、阔叶林、灌丛、半灌木丛、草原甸、沼泽和水生植被,共46个群系,表明了白槽沟沟内与两岸沙地植被的极显著差异。浑善达克沙地白槽沟为沙质地层的下切沟,沟谷特殊的微地形环境是影响植物种类和区系多样性的主导因素,特殊的地形引起植被的显著变化,沟内生境多样,植被类型多样,是浑善达克沙地微地形环境最为良好的地段。
There are different types of vegetations in the area of Baicaogou in Hun Shan Da Ke sand,where the species are rich and coverage is high. Through the investigation of the vegetation of the area,the flora,plant composition and community structure of the region were analyzed,and the results were:( 1) There are 360 species of vascular plants in the study area,with the most abundant raw perennial herbaceous and east Asia component,Belonging to 224 genera and 73 families; compositae species are the most,followed by gramineae,showing plant diversity is rich in gully area than in the sand.( 2) Perennial herbaceous plants account for 60% of all vascular plants; mesophytes account for 61% of all vascular plants in the study area,followed by xerophytes; wet and aquatic plant are less,indicating Baicaogou is characteristic as semi arid areas.( 3) Plants flora types can be divided into 16. Medicinal plant species are rich,ornamental plants,edible plants,weaving plant and so on are the many kinds of resource type. Plant communities can be divided into coniferous forest,broad-leaved forest,bush,half shrubs,grassland survey,swamp and aquatic vegetation,and a total of 46 formation,it indicates that there are extremely significant differences in the vegetation and species between the study area and the both sides of the valley.
There are different types of vegetations in the area of Baicaogou in Hun Shan Da Ke sand,where the species are rich and coverage is high. Through the investigation of the vegetation of the area,the flora,plant composition and community structure of the region were analyzed,and the results were:( 1) There are 360 species of vascular plants in the study area,with the most abundant raw perennial herbaceous and east Asia component,Belonging to 224 genera and 73 families; compositae species are the most,followed by gramineae,showing plant diversity is rich in gully area than in the sand.( 2) Perennial herbaceous plants account for 60% of all vascular plants; mesophytes account for 61% of all vascular plants in the study area,followed by xerophytes; wet and aquatic plant are less,indicating Baicaogou is characteristic as semi arid areas.( 3) Plants flora types can be divided into 16. Medicinal plant species are rich,ornamental plants,edible plants,weaving plant and so on are the many kinds of resource type. Plant communities can be divided into coniferous forest,broad-leaved forest,bush,half shrubs,grassland survey,swamp and aquatic vegetation,and a total of 46 formation,it indicates that there are extremely significant differences in the vegetation and species between the study area and the both sides of the valley.
引文
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[17]王雪飞.浑善达克沙地不同立地榆树疏林植被特征研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2014:1-38.
[18]尚占环,姚爱兴,龙瑞军,等.山地荒漠草原植物群落多样性与环境因子动态关系研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2005,19(2):163-168.
[19]刘旻霞.高寒草甸坡向梯度上植物群落组成及其氮磷化学计量学特征的研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2013:1-87.
[2]王牧兰,包玉海,阿拉腾图雅,秦树辉.浑善达克沙地景观格局变化研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2007,21(5):121-125.
[3]谷伟,岳永杰,李钢铁,潘文杰,哈丽雅.浑善达克沙地沙地榆种子雨的扩散规律[J].生态学报,2012,32(11):3440-3448.
[4]李青丰,胡春元,王明玖.浑善达克地区生态环境劣化原因分析及治理对策[J].干旱区资源与环境,2001,15(3):9-16.
[5]邓红兵,王青春,代力民,王庆礼,王绍先.长白山北坡河岸带群落植物区系分析[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(9):1405-1410.
[6]李红丽,董智,丁国栋,张国盛,王林和,郝云龙.浑善达克沙地植物蒸腾特征的研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2003,17(5):135-140.
[7]王洪峰,阎秀峰.黑龙江盐生植物多样性与盐生植物区系分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2013,27(3):148-153.
[8]任爽,程道品,梁振然.克什克腾旗旅游资源评价及开发分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2007,21(11):157-160.
[9]那亚.克什克腾旗草地资缘特征研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2010:1-54.
[10]刘航.内蒙古克什克腾旗地学多样性及其评价[D].北京:中国地质大学,2010:1-71.
[11]赛罕其其格.克什克腾旗草原项目区恢复治理效果监测与评价[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2006:1-51.
[12]郑元润.大青沟森林植物群落物种多样性研究[J].生物多样性,1998,6(3):31-36.
[13]韩胜利.内蒙古大青沟国家级自然保护区植物多样性及其保护研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古师范大学,2012:1-62.
[14]钱积玉.大青沟自然保护区调查记[J].植物杂志,1991(6):4-5.
[15]丛林.大青沟国家级自然保护区旅游生态学研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2013:1-119.
[16]马骏骥.浑善达克沙地东缘微地形与植被间的耦合关系[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2016:1-63.
[17]王雪飞.浑善达克沙地不同立地榆树疏林植被特征研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2014:1-38.
[18]尚占环,姚爱兴,龙瑞军,等.山地荒漠草原植物群落多样性与环境因子动态关系研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2005,19(2):163-168.
[19]刘旻霞.高寒草甸坡向梯度上植物群落组成及其氮磷化学计量学特征的研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2013:1-87.