1982～2011年蒙古高原植被物候时空动态变化
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摘要
基于1982~2011年第三代GIMMS NDVI数据,利用累计NDVI的Logistic曲线曲率极值法、Logistic曲线曲率变化率法和NDVI变化率法等方法,识别了蒙古高原植被生长季开始日期(Start of Growing Season,SOS)、生长季结束日期(End of Growing Season,EOS)和生长季长度(Length of Growing Season,LOS)等物候参数,并分析了其时空变化特征。结果表明:累计NDVI的Logistic曲线曲率极值法和NDVI变化率法在蒙古高原植被区具有较好的物候识别能力,对两种方法识别的物候参数求平均一定程度上可提高研究区物候参数的识别精度。蒙古高原植被SOS一般从4月中旬到5月下旬开始,到9月下旬至10月中旬结束,生长季长度主要集中在125~175d之间。在空间上,蒙古高原湿润半湿润地区的SOS较早、EOS较晚和LOS更长,而干旱半干旱地区的SOS较晚、EOS更早和LOS更短。时间变化分析表明,在30a的观测尺度,约占研究区51.6%和33.9%地区的SOS分别呈提前和推迟趋势,其中21.2%和12.4%地区的变化为显著;约占研究区35.6%和49.8%的地区EOS分别呈推迟和提前趋势,其中8.2%和12.0%地区的变化为显著。受SOS和EOS的影响,40.3%的地区(17.8%为显著)主要以缩短为主,44.8%的地区(18.9%为显著)主要以延长为主。
Based on the third generation GIMMS NDVI time-series datasets during 1982~2011,we extracted the start of growing season(SOS),end of growing season(EOS)and length of growing season(LOS)in the Mongolian Plateau using cumulative NDVI based logistic regression curves,change rate of curvature in NDVI logistic regression curves and change rate method of NDVI and further analyzed the spatio-temporal changes of phenology.The results showed that the cumulative NDVI based logistic regression curves and change rate method of NDVI performed better predictions in SOS and EOS modeling,and the mean value of these two methods improved the extraction accuracy of phenology in the Mongolian Plateau.SOS in the Mongolian Plateau mostly started from the middle of April to the end of May and ended from the end of the September to the middle of the October.Most LOS ranged from 125 to 175 days.Spatially,the earlier SOS,later SOS and longer LOS occurred in the humid and sub-humid area of the plateau,and later SOS,earlier EOS and shorter LOS occurred in arid and semi-arid regions of the plateau.Temporally,during the 30-year observation period,approximately,51.6% and 33.9% of the plateau experienced advanced and delayed SOS,respectively,and 21.2% and 12.4% of which are statistically significant;Approximately,35.6% and 49.8% of the study area experienced delayed EOS,respectively,and 8.2% and 12.0% of which are statistically significant;Accordingly,40.3%(17.8%are significant)and 44.8%(18.9%are significant)of the plateau showed shortening and lengthening of the LOS.
Based on the third generation GIMMS NDVI time-series datasets during 1982~2011,we extracted the start of growing season(SOS),end of growing season(EOS)and length of growing season(LOS)in the Mongolian Plateau using cumulative NDVI based logistic regression curves,change rate of curvature in NDVI logistic regression curves and change rate method of NDVI and further analyzed the spatio-temporal changes of phenology.The results showed that the cumulative NDVI based logistic regression curves and change rate method of NDVI performed better predictions in SOS and EOS modeling,and the mean value of these two methods improved the extraction accuracy of phenology in the Mongolian Plateau.SOS in the Mongolian Plateau mostly started from the middle of April to the end of May and ended from the end of the September to the middle of the October.Most LOS ranged from 125 to 175 days.Spatially,the earlier SOS,later SOS and longer LOS occurred in the humid and sub-humid area of the plateau,and later SOS,earlier EOS and shorter LOS occurred in arid and semi-arid regions of the plateau.Temporally,during the 30-year observation period,approximately,51.6% and 33.9% of the plateau experienced advanced and delayed SOS,respectively,and 21.2% and 12.4% of which are statistically significant;Approximately,35.6% and 49.8% of the study area experienced delayed EOS,respectively,and 8.2% and 12.0% of which are statistically significant;Accordingly,40.3%(17.8%are significant)and 44.8%(18.9%are significant)of the plateau showed shortening and lengthening of the LOS.
引文
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[16]Wang Ling,Zhen Lin,Liu Xuelin,et al.Comparative Studies on Climate Changes and Influencing Factors in Central Mongolian Plateau Region[J],Geographical Research,2008,27(1):171-180.[王菱,甄霖,刘雪林,等.蒙古高原中部气候变化及影响因素比较研究[J].地理研究,2008,27(1):171-180.]
[17]Zhang Xueyan,Hu Yunfeng,Zhuang Dafang,et al.The Spatial Pattern and Differntiation of NDVI in Mongolian Plateau[J],Geographical Research,2009,28(1):10-18.[张雪艳,胡云锋,庄大方,等.蒙古高原NDVI的空间格局及空间分异[J].地理研究,2009,28(1):10-18.]
[18]Bao G,Qin Z H,Bao Y H,et al.NDVI-based Long-term Vegetation Dynamics and Its Response to Climatic Change in the Mongolian Plateau[J].Remote Sensing,2014,6:8337-8358.
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[20]Qu Zhaopeng,Zheng Shuxia,Bai Yongfei.Spatiotemporal Patterns and Driving Factors of Grassland Fire on Mongolian Plateau[J],Chinses Journal of Applied Ecology,2010,21(4):807-813.[曲熠鹏,郑淑霞,白永飞.蒙古高原草原火行为的时空格局与影响因子[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(4):807-813.]
[21]Bao G,Bao Y H,Qin Z H,et al.Modeling Net Primary Productivity of Terrestrial Ecosystems in the Semi-arid Climate of the Mongolian Plateau using LSWI-based CASA Ecosystem Model[J].International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation,2016,46:84-93.
[22]Bao Gang,Qin Zhihao,Bao Yuhai,et al.Spatial-temporal Changes of Vegetation Cover in Mongolian Plateau during1982~2006[J].Journal of Desert Research,2013,33(3):918-927.[包刚,覃志豪,包玉海,等.1982~2006年蒙古高原植被覆盖的时空变化分析[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(3):918-927.]
[23]Pinzon J E,Tucker C J.A Non-Stationary 1981-2012AVHRR NDVI3g Time Series[J].Remote Sensing,2014,6(8):6929.
[24]Wu C Y,Munger J W,Niu Z,et al.Comparison of Multiple Models for Estimating Gross Primary Production Using MODIS and Eddy Covariance Data in Harvard Forest[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2010,114(12):2925-2939.
[25]Hou X H,Gao S A,Niu Z,et al.Extracting Grassland Vegetation Phenology in North China based on Cumulative SPOTVegetation NDVI Data[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,2014,35(9):3316-3330.
[26]Zhang X Y,Friedl M A,Schaaf C B,et al.Monitoring Vegetation Phenology Using MODIS[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2003,84(3):471-475.
[27]Chang Zhaofeng,Han Fugui,Zhong Shengnian,et al.Study on the Phenological Charactierisitcs of the Main Plant Species and the Use of Pastures in the Minqin Desert Areas[J].Arid Zone Research,2010,27(1):20-26.[常兆丰,韩福贵,仲生年,等.民勤荒漠区主要植物的物候特性与牧草利用[J].干旱区研究,2010,27(1):20-26.]
[28]Butt B,Turner M D,Singh A,et al.Use of MODIS NDVI to Evaluate Changing Latitudinal Gradients of Rangeland Phenology in Sudano-sahelian West Africa[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2011,115(12):3367-3376.
[29]Piao S L,Fang J Y,Zhou L M,et al.Interannual Variations of Monthly and Seasonal Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)in China from 1982to 1999[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2003,108(D14):4401.
[30]Los S O.Linkage between Global Vegetation and Climate:An Analysis based on NOAA Advanced very High Resolution Radiometer Data[D].National Aeronautics and Space Administration,1998,Ph.D.Dissertation.
[2]Kong Dongdong,Zhang Qiang,Huang Wenlin,et al.Vegetation Phenology Change in Tibetan Plateau from 1982to 2013and Its Related Meteorological Factors[J],Acta Geographica Sinica,2017,72(1):39-52.[孔冬冬,张强,黄文琳,等.1982-2013年青藏高原植被物候变化及气象因素影响[J],地理学报,2017,72(1):39-52.]
[3]Piao S L,Fang J Y,Zhou L M,et al.Variations in Satellite-derived Phenology in China’s Yemperate Vegetation[J].Global Change Biology,2006,12(4):672-685.
[4]Shen M G,Zhang G G,Cong N,et al.Increasing Altitudinal Gradient of Spring Vegetation Phenology During the Last Decade on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2014,189:71-80.
[5]Feng Min,Li Zaiming,Qiu Bingwen,et al.Spatio-temporal Difference of Crops and Natural Vegetation Phenology in China at Beginning of the 21st Century[J].Remote Sensing Technology and Application,2016,31(5):1003-1012.[封敏,李再明,邱炳文,等.21世纪初中国农作物与自然植被物候时空差异[J].遥感技术与应用,2016,31(5):1003-1012.]
[6]Wu C Y,Hou X H,Peng D L,et al.Land Surface Phenology of China’s Temperate Ecosystems over 1999-2013:Spatialtemporal Patterns,Interaction Effects,Covariation with Climate and Implications for Productivity[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2016,216:177-187.
[7]Zhang G,Zhang Y J,Dong J W,et al.Green-up Dates in the Tibetan Plateau Have Continuously Advanced from 1982to2011[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2013,110(11):4309-4314.
[8]Yu H Y,Eike L D,XuJ C.Winter and Spring Warming Result in Delayed Spring Phenology on the Tibetan Plateau[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2010,107(51):22151-22156.
[9]Wei Yunjie,Zhen Lin,Batkhishig O,et al.Empirical Study on Consumption of Ecosystem Services and Its Spatial Differences over the Mongolian Plateau[J].Resources Science,2009,31(10):1677-1684.[魏云洁,甄霖,Batkhishig O,等.蒙古高原生态服务消费空间差异的实证研究[J].资源科学,2009,31(10):1677-1684.]
[10]Shi Huading.Research on Soil Wind Erosion in Tariat-xilingol Transect of Mongolia Plateau Basedon Radionuclide Tracing and Geo-Information Technology[D].Beijing:Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2007.[师华定.蒙古高原塔里亚特—锡林郭勒样带土壤风势研究——基于同位素技术和地理信息系统技术[D].北京:中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,2007.]
[11]Fujiwara H,Fukuyama T,Shirato Y,et al.Deposition of Atmospheric 137Cs in Japan Associated with the Asian Dust Event of March 2002[J].Science of the Total Environment,2007,384(1-3):306-315.
[12]Yongseuing C,Haksung K,Dulam J,et al.On Heavy Dustfall Observed with Explosive Sandstorms in Chongwon-chongju,Korea in2002[J].Atmospheric Environment,2003,37(24):3425-3433.
[13]Qi Yongqing.Wind Erosion and Its Soil Ecological Effects of Mongolia Plateau[D].Beijing:Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2008.[齐永青.蒙古高原土壤风蚀及其生态效应研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2008.]
[14]Qi Yongqing,Liu Jiyuan,Shi Huading,et al.Using 137Cs Tracing Technique to Estimate Wind Erosion Rates in the Typical Steppe Region,Northern Mongolian Plateau[J],Chinses Science Bulletin,2008,53(9):1423-1430.[齐永青,刘纪远,师华定,等.蒙古高原北部典型草原区土壤风蚀的137Cs示踪法研究[J].科学通报,2008,53(9):1070-1076.]
[15]Zhen Lin,Liu Jiyuan,Liu Xuelin,et al.Structural Change of Agriculture-Livestocks System and Affecting Factors in Mongolian Plateau[J].Journal of Arid Land Resource and Environment,2008,22(1):144-151.[甄霖,刘纪远,刘雪林,等.蒙古高原农牧业系统格局变化与影响因素分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2008,22(1):144-151.]
[16]Wang Ling,Zhen Lin,Liu Xuelin,et al.Comparative Studies on Climate Changes and Influencing Factors in Central Mongolian Plateau Region[J],Geographical Research,2008,27(1):171-180.[王菱,甄霖,刘雪林,等.蒙古高原中部气候变化及影响因素比较研究[J].地理研究,2008,27(1):171-180.]
[17]Zhang Xueyan,Hu Yunfeng,Zhuang Dafang,et al.The Spatial Pattern and Differntiation of NDVI in Mongolian Plateau[J],Geographical Research,2009,28(1):10-18.[张雪艳,胡云锋,庄大方,等.蒙古高原NDVI的空间格局及空间分异[J].地理研究,2009,28(1):10-18.]
[18]Bao G,Qin Z H,Bao Y H,et al.NDVI-based Long-term Vegetation Dynamics and Its Response to Climatic Change in the Mongolian Plateau[J].Remote Sensing,2014,6:8337-8358.
[19]Bao Gang,BaoYuhai,Qin Zhihao,et al.Vegetation Cover Changes in Mongolian Plateau and Its Response to Seasonal Climate Changes in Recent 10Years[J].Scientia,Geographical Sinica,2013,33(5):613-621.[包刚,包玉海,覃志豪,等.近10年蒙古高原植被覆盖变化及其对气候的季节响应[J].地理科学,2013,33(5):613-621.]
[20]Qu Zhaopeng,Zheng Shuxia,Bai Yongfei.Spatiotemporal Patterns and Driving Factors of Grassland Fire on Mongolian Plateau[J],Chinses Journal of Applied Ecology,2010,21(4):807-813.[曲熠鹏,郑淑霞,白永飞.蒙古高原草原火行为的时空格局与影响因子[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(4):807-813.]
[21]Bao G,Bao Y H,Qin Z H,et al.Modeling Net Primary Productivity of Terrestrial Ecosystems in the Semi-arid Climate of the Mongolian Plateau using LSWI-based CASA Ecosystem Model[J].International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation,2016,46:84-93.
[22]Bao Gang,Qin Zhihao,Bao Yuhai,et al.Spatial-temporal Changes of Vegetation Cover in Mongolian Plateau during1982~2006[J].Journal of Desert Research,2013,33(3):918-927.[包刚,覃志豪,包玉海,等.1982~2006年蒙古高原植被覆盖的时空变化分析[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(3):918-927.]
[23]Pinzon J E,Tucker C J.A Non-Stationary 1981-2012AVHRR NDVI3g Time Series[J].Remote Sensing,2014,6(8):6929.
[24]Wu C Y,Munger J W,Niu Z,et al.Comparison of Multiple Models for Estimating Gross Primary Production Using MODIS and Eddy Covariance Data in Harvard Forest[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2010,114(12):2925-2939.
[25]Hou X H,Gao S A,Niu Z,et al.Extracting Grassland Vegetation Phenology in North China based on Cumulative SPOTVegetation NDVI Data[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,2014,35(9):3316-3330.
[26]Zhang X Y,Friedl M A,Schaaf C B,et al.Monitoring Vegetation Phenology Using MODIS[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2003,84(3):471-475.
[27]Chang Zhaofeng,Han Fugui,Zhong Shengnian,et al.Study on the Phenological Charactierisitcs of the Main Plant Species and the Use of Pastures in the Minqin Desert Areas[J].Arid Zone Research,2010,27(1):20-26.[常兆丰,韩福贵,仲生年,等.民勤荒漠区主要植物的物候特性与牧草利用[J].干旱区研究,2010,27(1):20-26.]
[28]Butt B,Turner M D,Singh A,et al.Use of MODIS NDVI to Evaluate Changing Latitudinal Gradients of Rangeland Phenology in Sudano-sahelian West Africa[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2011,115(12):3367-3376.
[29]Piao S L,Fang J Y,Zhou L M,et al.Interannual Variations of Monthly and Seasonal Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)in China from 1982to 1999[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2003,108(D14):4401.
[30]Los S O.Linkage between Global Vegetation and Climate:An Analysis based on NOAA Advanced very High Resolution Radiometer Data[D].National Aeronautics and Space Administration,1998,Ph.D.Dissertation.