自复位放大位移型SMA阻尼器优化设计方法研究
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摘要
该文利用形状记忆合金(SMA)的超弹特性提出了一种新型自复位放大位移型SMA阻尼器(re-centering deformation-amplifiedSMAdamper,RDASD)。该阻尼器可将位移变形根据实际工程需要进行放大,通过限制放大以后的位移充分发挥SMA材料的耗能能力。首先建立了该阻尼器的恢复力模型,并通过试验进行了验证。基于SMA材料的旗帜型恢复力模型,分析了预变形、超弹性拉伸位移、刚度和长度四个参数对该阻尼器耗能系数的影响规律。为实现最佳耗能和减震控制效果,提出了该阻尼器的设计准则和性能优化方法。最后以某三层钢框架结构为例,分析了有控和无控两种工况下结构在地震动作用下的动力响应,验证了该阻尼器的减震效果。
This paper presents an innovative re-centering deformation-amplified shape memory alloy(SMA)damper(RDASD) by utilizing the superelastic property of SMA materials. The damper can amplify the displacement deformation according to practical engineering requirements and then fully exploit the energy dissipation capacity of the superelastic SMA materials by restricting the amplified displacement. A theoretical model of the RDASD was proposed and then cyclic tensile-compressive tests were conducted to verify the accuracy of the model. Based on the flag force-restoring model of the SMA material, the influences of pre-deformation, superelastic displacement, stiffness and length of the SMA wires on the energy dissipation coefficient of the damper were analyzed. To achieve optimal energy consumption and seismic control effect, the design criterion and performance optimization method of the damper were presented. Finally, time-history analysis with and without this damper on a 3-layer steel frame was presented, which validated the control effect of the damper.
This paper presents an innovative re-centering deformation-amplified shape memory alloy(SMA)damper(RDASD) by utilizing the superelastic property of SMA materials. The damper can amplify the displacement deformation according to practical engineering requirements and then fully exploit the energy dissipation capacity of the superelastic SMA materials by restricting the amplified displacement. A theoretical model of the RDASD was proposed and then cyclic tensile-compressive tests were conducted to verify the accuracy of the model. Based on the flag force-restoring model of the SMA material, the influences of pre-deformation, superelastic displacement, stiffness and length of the SMA wires on the energy dissipation coefficient of the damper were analyzed. To achieve optimal energy consumption and seismic control effect, the design criterion and performance optimization method of the damper were presented. Finally, time-history analysis with and without this damper on a 3-layer steel frame was presented, which validated the control effect of the damper.
引文
[1]任文杰,李宏男,宋钢兵,等.新型自复位SMA阻尼器对框架结构减震控制的研究[J].土木工程学报,2013,46(6):14―20.Ren Wenjie,Li Hongnan,Song Gangbing,et al.Study on seismic response control of frame structure using innovative re-centring SMA damper[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2013,46(6):14―20.(in Chinese)
[2]卢德辉,周云,邓雪松,等.钢管铅阻尼器构造优化及模拟分析[J].工程力学,2017,34(3):76―83.Lu Dehui,Zhou Yun,Deng Xuesong,et al.Optimization of configuration and finite element modeling for lead-filled steel tube dampers[J].Engineering Mechanics,2017,34(3):76―83.(in Chinese)
[3]吴从晓,周云,邓雪松.钢铅粘弹性阻尼器试验研究[J].工程力学,2012,29(3):150―156.Wu Congxiao,Zhou Yun,Deng Xuesong.Experimental study on steel-lead viscoelastic damper[J].Engineering Mechanics,2012,29(3):150―156.(in Chinese)
[4]任文杰,李宏男.单自由度SMA阻尼结构在高斯白噪声激励下的平稳随机振动分析[J].工程力学,2014,31(2):35―40.Ren Wenjie,Li Hongnan.Analyses of stationary random vibration of single-degree-of-freedom structure with shape memory alloy damper subjected to Gaussian white noise excitation[J].Engineering Mechanics,2014,31(2):35―40.(in Chinese)
[5]任文杰,王利强,马志成,等.形状记忆合金-摩擦复合阻尼器力学性能研究[J].建筑结构学报,2013,34(2):83―90.Ren Wenjie,Wang Liqiang,Ma Zhicheng,et al.Investigation on mechanical behavior of innovative shape memory alloy-friction damper[J].Journal of Building Structures,2013,34(2):83―90.(in Chinese)
[6]Song G,Ma N,Li H N.Applications of shape memory alloys in civil structures[J].Engineering Structures,2006,28(9):1266―1274.
[7]崔迪,李宏男,宋钢兵.形状记忆合金混凝土梁力学性能试验研究[J].工程力学,2010,27(2):117―123.Cui Di,Li Hongnan,Song Gangbing.Behavior of SMAreinforced concrete beam[J].Engineering Mechanics,2010,27(2):117―123.(in Chinese)
[8]Qian H,Li H N,Song G B,et al.Recentering shape memory alloy passive damper for structural vibration control[J].Mathematical Problems in Engineering,2013,2013(3):1―13.
[9]Qian H,Li H N,Song G B.Experimental investigations of building structure with a superelastic shape memory alloy friction damper subject to seismic loads[J].Smart Materials&Structures,2016,25(12):125026.
[10]孙彤,李宏男.新型多维形状记忆合金阻尼器的试验研究[J].工程力学,2018,35(3):178―185.Sun Tong,Li Hongnan.Experimental investigation of an innovative multidimensional SMA damper[J].Engineering Mechanics,2018,35(3):178―185.(in Chinese)
[11]Zhang Y,Zhu S.A shape memory alloy-based reusable hysteretic damper for seismic hazard mitigation[J].Smart Materials&Structures,2007,16(5):1603―1613.
[12]Zhang Y F,Zhu S Y.Seismic response control of building structures with superelastic shape memory alloy wire dampers[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics-ASCE,2008,134(3):240―251.
[13]Dolce M,Cardone D,Marnetto R.Implementation and testing of passive control devices based on shape memory alloys[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2000,29(7):945―968.
[14]Dieng L,Helbert G,Chirani S A,et al.Use of shape memory alloys damper device to mitigate vibration amplitudes of bridge cables[J].Engineering Structures,2013,56(6):1547―1556.
[15]Li H N,Liu M M,Fu X.An innovative re-centering SMA-lead damper and its application to steel frame structures[J].Smart Materials&Structures,2018,27(7):075029.
[16]Parulekar Y M,Reddy G R,Vaze K K,et al.Seismic response attenuation of structures using shape memory alloy dampers[J].Structural Control&Health Monitoring,2012,19(1):102―119.
[17]李宏男,钱辉,宋钢兵,等.一种新型SMA阻尼器的试验和数值模拟研究[J].振动工程学报,2008,21(2):179―184.Li Hongnan,Qian Hui,Song Gangbing,et al.A type of shape memory alloy damper:Design,experiment and numerical simulation[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2008,21(2):179―184.(in Chinese)
[18]Li H N,Huang Z,Fu X,et al.A re-centering deformation-amplified shape memory alloy damper for mitigating seismic response of building structures[J].Structural Control&Health Monitoring,2018,25(9):e2233.
[19]Ren W J,Li H N,Song G B.A one-dimensional strain-rate-dependent constitutive model for superelastic shape memory alloys[J].Smart Materials&Structures,2007,16(1):191―197.
[20]薛素铎,董军辉,卞晓芳,等.一种新型形状记忆合金阻尼器[J].建筑结构学报,2005,26(3):45―50.Xue Suduo,Dong Junhui,Bian Xiaofang,et al.A new type of shape memory alloy damper[J].Journal of Building Structures,2005,26(3):45―50.(in Chinese)
[21]Li H,Mao C X,Ou J P.Experimental and theoretical study on two types of shape memory alloy devices[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2008,37(3):407―426.
[22]王振营,毛晨曦,张亮泉.新型SMA耗能连梁框架剪力墙结构抗震性能研究[J].土木工程学报,2012,45(增刊2):53―58.Wang Zhenying,Mao Chenxi,Zhang Liangquan.Seismic performance of reinforced concrete frame-shear wall structure with novel shape memory alloy dampers in coupling beams[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2012,45(Suppl 2):53―58.(in Chinese)
[23]Morgen B G,Kurama Y C.Seismic design of friction-damped precast concrete frame structures[J].Journal of Structural Engineering-ASCE,2007,133(11):1501―1511.
[24]邢德进,汪明栋.SMA阻尼器设计及框架结构地震反应控制分析[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2011,33(1):43―48.Xing Dejin,Wang Mingdong.Design of SMA damper and analysis on seismic control of frame structure[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2011,33(1):43-48.(in Chinese)
[25]GB 50011―2001,建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.GB 50011―2001,Code for seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2001.(in Chinese)
[2]卢德辉,周云,邓雪松,等.钢管铅阻尼器构造优化及模拟分析[J].工程力学,2017,34(3):76―83.Lu Dehui,Zhou Yun,Deng Xuesong,et al.Optimization of configuration and finite element modeling for lead-filled steel tube dampers[J].Engineering Mechanics,2017,34(3):76―83.(in Chinese)
[3]吴从晓,周云,邓雪松.钢铅粘弹性阻尼器试验研究[J].工程力学,2012,29(3):150―156.Wu Congxiao,Zhou Yun,Deng Xuesong.Experimental study on steel-lead viscoelastic damper[J].Engineering Mechanics,2012,29(3):150―156.(in Chinese)
[4]任文杰,李宏男.单自由度SMA阻尼结构在高斯白噪声激励下的平稳随机振动分析[J].工程力学,2014,31(2):35―40.Ren Wenjie,Li Hongnan.Analyses of stationary random vibration of single-degree-of-freedom structure with shape memory alloy damper subjected to Gaussian white noise excitation[J].Engineering Mechanics,2014,31(2):35―40.(in Chinese)
[5]任文杰,王利强,马志成,等.形状记忆合金-摩擦复合阻尼器力学性能研究[J].建筑结构学报,2013,34(2):83―90.Ren Wenjie,Wang Liqiang,Ma Zhicheng,et al.Investigation on mechanical behavior of innovative shape memory alloy-friction damper[J].Journal of Building Structures,2013,34(2):83―90.(in Chinese)
[6]Song G,Ma N,Li H N.Applications of shape memory alloys in civil structures[J].Engineering Structures,2006,28(9):1266―1274.
[7]崔迪,李宏男,宋钢兵.形状记忆合金混凝土梁力学性能试验研究[J].工程力学,2010,27(2):117―123.Cui Di,Li Hongnan,Song Gangbing.Behavior of SMAreinforced concrete beam[J].Engineering Mechanics,2010,27(2):117―123.(in Chinese)
[8]Qian H,Li H N,Song G B,et al.Recentering shape memory alloy passive damper for structural vibration control[J].Mathematical Problems in Engineering,2013,2013(3):1―13.
[9]Qian H,Li H N,Song G B.Experimental investigations of building structure with a superelastic shape memory alloy friction damper subject to seismic loads[J].Smart Materials&Structures,2016,25(12):125026.
[10]孙彤,李宏男.新型多维形状记忆合金阻尼器的试验研究[J].工程力学,2018,35(3):178―185.Sun Tong,Li Hongnan.Experimental investigation of an innovative multidimensional SMA damper[J].Engineering Mechanics,2018,35(3):178―185.(in Chinese)
[11]Zhang Y,Zhu S.A shape memory alloy-based reusable hysteretic damper for seismic hazard mitigation[J].Smart Materials&Structures,2007,16(5):1603―1613.
[12]Zhang Y F,Zhu S Y.Seismic response control of building structures with superelastic shape memory alloy wire dampers[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics-ASCE,2008,134(3):240―251.
[13]Dolce M,Cardone D,Marnetto R.Implementation and testing of passive control devices based on shape memory alloys[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2000,29(7):945―968.
[14]Dieng L,Helbert G,Chirani S A,et al.Use of shape memory alloys damper device to mitigate vibration amplitudes of bridge cables[J].Engineering Structures,2013,56(6):1547―1556.
[15]Li H N,Liu M M,Fu X.An innovative re-centering SMA-lead damper and its application to steel frame structures[J].Smart Materials&Structures,2018,27(7):075029.
[16]Parulekar Y M,Reddy G R,Vaze K K,et al.Seismic response attenuation of structures using shape memory alloy dampers[J].Structural Control&Health Monitoring,2012,19(1):102―119.
[17]李宏男,钱辉,宋钢兵,等.一种新型SMA阻尼器的试验和数值模拟研究[J].振动工程学报,2008,21(2):179―184.Li Hongnan,Qian Hui,Song Gangbing,et al.A type of shape memory alloy damper:Design,experiment and numerical simulation[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2008,21(2):179―184.(in Chinese)
[18]Li H N,Huang Z,Fu X,et al.A re-centering deformation-amplified shape memory alloy damper for mitigating seismic response of building structures[J].Structural Control&Health Monitoring,2018,25(9):e2233.
[19]Ren W J,Li H N,Song G B.A one-dimensional strain-rate-dependent constitutive model for superelastic shape memory alloys[J].Smart Materials&Structures,2007,16(1):191―197.
[20]薛素铎,董军辉,卞晓芳,等.一种新型形状记忆合金阻尼器[J].建筑结构学报,2005,26(3):45―50.Xue Suduo,Dong Junhui,Bian Xiaofang,et al.A new type of shape memory alloy damper[J].Journal of Building Structures,2005,26(3):45―50.(in Chinese)
[21]Li H,Mao C X,Ou J P.Experimental and theoretical study on two types of shape memory alloy devices[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2008,37(3):407―426.
[22]王振营,毛晨曦,张亮泉.新型SMA耗能连梁框架剪力墙结构抗震性能研究[J].土木工程学报,2012,45(增刊2):53―58.Wang Zhenying,Mao Chenxi,Zhang Liangquan.Seismic performance of reinforced concrete frame-shear wall structure with novel shape memory alloy dampers in coupling beams[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2012,45(Suppl 2):53―58.(in Chinese)
[23]Morgen B G,Kurama Y C.Seismic design of friction-damped precast concrete frame structures[J].Journal of Structural Engineering-ASCE,2007,133(11):1501―1511.
[24]邢德进,汪明栋.SMA阻尼器设计及框架结构地震反应控制分析[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2011,33(1):43―48.Xing Dejin,Wang Mingdong.Design of SMA damper and analysis on seismic control of frame structure[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2011,33(1):43-48.(in Chinese)
[25]GB 50011―2001,建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.GB 50011―2001,Code for seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2001.(in Chinese)