烟气回烧式棉秆炭化工艺与炭产物的关系研究
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摘要
对未预处理的棉秆进行烟气回烧间接加热式热解炭化实验研究。在单因素试验的基础上,采用BoxBenhnken试验设计和响应面分析法建立二次回归数学模型,得到优化工艺参数。研究表明,炭化原料与燃烧原料质量比2∶1、热解温度为425℃、升温速率为7.5℃/min和保温时间10 h,得炭率最高,且炭中的固定碳含量最高。在棉秆热解过程中,随原料比和反应温度的增加,热解固体产物质量不断减少,并对炭产物的性质进行分析研究。
The smoke flashback indirect pyrolysis carbonization process of no crushed cotton stalks was studied. BoxBenhnken design(BBD)and response surface methodology(RSM)were adopted to set up the quadratic regressionmathematical model and obtain optimum process parameters based on the results of single-factor experiments. The resultsindicated that both char yield and fixed carbon content are the highest when the mass ratio of charring raw material andcombustion raw materials is 2∶1,with pyrolysis temperature of 400 ℃,heating rate of 7.5 ℃/min and holding time of 10 h. The mass of solid product decreases continuously following the increase of ratio of raw materials and reactiontemperature in the pyrolysis process of cotton stalk. Finally,the characteristic of char product was analyzed.
The smoke flashback indirect pyrolysis carbonization process of no crushed cotton stalks was studied. BoxBenhnken design(BBD)and response surface methodology(RSM)were adopted to set up the quadratic regressionmathematical model and obtain optimum process parameters based on the results of single-factor experiments. The resultsindicated that both char yield and fixed carbon content are the highest when the mass ratio of charring raw material andcombustion raw materials is 2∶1,with pyrolysis temperature of 400 ℃,heating rate of 7.5 ℃/min and holding time of 10 h. The mass of solid product decreases continuously following the increase of ratio of raw materials and reactiontemperature in the pyrolysis process of cotton stalk. Finally,the characteristic of char product was analyzed.
引文
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[15]Nath A,Chattopadhyay P K.Optimization of oven toasting for improving crispness and other quality attributes of ready to eat potato-soy snack using response surface methodology[J].Journal of Food Engineering,2007,80(4):1282—1292.
[2]朱金陵,何晓峰,王志伟,等.玉米秸秆颗粒热解制炭的试验研究[J].太阳能学报,2010,18(4):789—793.[2]Zhu Jinling,He Xiaofeng,Wang Zhiwei,et al.Experimental study on pyrolysising and producting charcoal with corn straw pellet[J].Acta Energlae Solaris Sinica,2010,18(4):789—793.
[3]董玉平,王理鹏,邓波,等.国内外生物质能源开发利用技术[J].山东大学学报(工学版),2007,37(3):64—69.[3]Dong Yuping,Wang Lipeng,Deng Bo,et al.A review of the research and development of biomass energy technology[J].Journal of Shandong University(Engineering Science),2007,37(3):64—69.
[4]傅旭峰,仲兆平,肖刚,等.几种生物质热解特性及动力学的对比[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(1):199—202.[4]Fu Xufeng,Zhong Zhaoping,Xiao Gang,et al.Comparative study on pyrolysis characteristics and dynamics of grass biomass[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2009,25(1):199—202.
[5]何光设,蒋恩臣.生物质成型材料干馏裂解工艺试验[J].农业工程学报,2006,22(Sup 1):129—131.[5]He Guangshe,Jiang Enchen.Technology process experimental research on carbonization of biomass extrusion materials[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2006,22(Sup 1):129—131.
[6]胡兴涛,王文超,田原宇,等.农林废弃物的能源转化技术及研究进展[J].腐植酸,2008,(1):18—21.[6]Hu Xingtao,Wang Wenchao,Tian Yuanyu,et al.Study on energy conversion technology and their progress on farming and forestry residues[J].Humic Acid,2008,(1):18—21.
[7]花莉,张成,马宏瑞,等.秸秆生物质炭土地利用的环境效益研究[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(10):2489—2492.[7]Hua Li,Zhang Cheng,Ma Hongrui,et al.Environmental benefits of biochar made by agricultural straw when applied to soil[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2010,19(10):2489—2492.
[8]黄彪,陈学榕,江茂生,等.不同炭化条件下炭化物的结构与性能表征[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2006,26(3):455—459.[8]Huang Biao,Chen Xuerong,Jiang Maosheng,et al.Structural and property characteristics of Chinese fir wood charcoal prepared under various conditions[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2006,26(3):455—459.
[9]黄彪,高尚愚.木材炭化机理的研究—炭化方法和炭化条件对杉木间伐材炭化物物性的影响[J].林产化学与工业,2005,25(增刊):95—98.[9]Huang Biao,Gao Shangyu.Study on mechanism of wood carbonization effect of carbonization method and condition on the property of Chinese fir charcoal[J].Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products,2005,25(Sup):95—98.
[10]蒋恩臣,何光设.生物质热分解技术比较研究[J].可再生能源,2006,128(4):58—62.[10]Jiang Enchen,He Guangshe.Comparison study on three biomass pyrolysis technologies[J].Renewable Energy,2006,128(4):58—62.
[11]庄晓伟,陈顺伟,张桃元,等.7种生物质炭燃烧特性的分析[J].林产化学与工业,2009,29(增刊):169—173.[11]Zhuang Xiaowei,Chen Shunwei1,Zhang Taoyuan.et al.Thermal analysis on the combustion characteristics of seven kinds of biomass charcoals[J].Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products,2009,29(Sup):169—173.
[12]EL-Hendawy A-N A,Alexander A J,Andrews R J,et a1.Effects of activation schemes on porous,surface and thermal properties of activated carbons prepared from cotton stalks[J].Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2008,82(2):272—278.
[13]Heikkinen J M,Hordijk J C,De Jong W,et al.Thermogravimetry as a tool to classify waste components to be used for energy generation[J].Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2004,71(2):883—900.
[14]Yang Haiping,Yan Rong,Chen Haiping,et al.In-depth investigation of biomass pyrolysis based on three major components:Hemicellulose,cellulose and lignin[J].Energy Fuels,2006,20(1):388—393.
[15]Nath A,Chattopadhyay P K.Optimization of oven toasting for improving crispness and other quality attributes of ready to eat potato-soy snack using response surface methodology[J].Journal of Food Engineering,2007,80(4):1282—1292.