空化射流稠油降黏实验系统的设计与实验研究
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摘要
利用空化射流技术开展了稠油降黏的实验研究。根据实验条件设计研造了空化射流稠油降黏实验系统,并利用该实验系统研究了两种空化喷嘴及空化射流处理次数等参数对稠油降黏效果的影响,分析了稠油在空化射流处理前后黏度发生的变化。结果表明:两种空化喷嘴对稠油的降黏都有一定的作用,稠油黏度随着空化射流处理次数的增加逐渐降低,通过角形和风琴管喷嘴空化处理后,稠油黏度最大降低52 m Pa·s和88 m Pa·s,降黏率分别为13. 33%和18. 49%。实验验证了空化射流技术一定程度上可以改变稠油的性质,实现稠油的降黏,改善稠油的品质,合理运用可成为一种稠油降黏的新方法。
The experimental study of heavy oil viscosity reduction was carried out by using cavitation jet technology. An experimental system for viscosity reduction of heavy oil with cavitation jet was designed and manufacture.The effect of two kinds of cavitation nozzle and cavitation jet treatment numbers on the heavy oil viscosity reduction was studied through the self-designed experimental system and the changes of heavy oil viscosity before and after cavitation jet treatment was analyzed. The experimental results show that two kinds of cavitation nozzle have a certain effect on the viscosity reduction of heavy oil and the viscosity of heavy oil decreases with the increase of cavitation jet treatment numbers. After the treatment of cavitation jet generated by angle cavitation nozzle and organ pipe cavitation jet,the viscosities of heavy oil maximally reduce 52 m Pa·s and 88 m Pa·s respectively,and the rates of viscosity reduction are 13. 33% and 18. 94% respectively. The experiment verifies that the cavitation jet technology can change the nature of heavy oil,reduce the viscosity of heavy oil,and improve the quality of heavy oil. It can became a new method of viscosity reduction of heavy oil in reasonable use.
The experimental study of heavy oil viscosity reduction was carried out by using cavitation jet technology. An experimental system for viscosity reduction of heavy oil with cavitation jet was designed and manufacture.The effect of two kinds of cavitation nozzle and cavitation jet treatment numbers on the heavy oil viscosity reduction was studied through the self-designed experimental system and the changes of heavy oil viscosity before and after cavitation jet treatment was analyzed. The experimental results show that two kinds of cavitation nozzle have a certain effect on the viscosity reduction of heavy oil and the viscosity of heavy oil decreases with the increase of cavitation jet treatment numbers. After the treatment of cavitation jet generated by angle cavitation nozzle and organ pipe cavitation jet,the viscosities of heavy oil maximally reduce 52 m Pa·s and 88 m Pa·s respectively,and the rates of viscosity reduction are 13. 33% and 18. 94% respectively. The experiment verifies that the cavitation jet technology can change the nature of heavy oil,reduce the viscosity of heavy oil,and improve the quality of heavy oil. It can became a new method of viscosity reduction of heavy oil in reasonable use.
引文
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5李向博,葛明兰,陈金媛,等.稠油油溶性降黏剂的合成与评价[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(23):177-180Li Xiangbo,Ge Minglan,Chen Jinyuan,et al.Synthesis and evaluation of oil-soluble viscosity reducer for heavy oil[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(23):177-180
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8许洪星,蒲春生,董巧玲,等.超声波协同催化剂低温裂解超稠油实验研究[J].应用化工,2012,41(7):1143-1146Xu Hongxing,Pu Chunsheng,Dong Qiaoling,et al.Experimental study on ultrasonic assisted catalytic aquathermolysis of ultra-heavy oil[J].Applied Chemical Industry,2012,41(7):1143-1146
9董慧娟,张甲,朱波,等.原油超声波降黏实验研究[J].石油学报,2010,31(3):486-489Dong Huijuan,Zhang Jia,Zhu Bo,et al.Experimental study on ultrasonic viscosity-reduction method of crude oil[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(3):486-489
10管金发,邓松圣,张攀锋,等.空化特性研究进展[J].科学技术与工程,2011,11(27):6674-6680Guan Jinfa,Deng Songsheng,Zhang Panfeng,et al.Research progress of cavitation characteristics[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2011,11(27):6674-6680
11 Suslick K S.Sonochemistry[J].Science,1990,247(49):1439-1445
12蔡军,淮秀兰,李勋锋.湍流作用下可压缩液体中空化泡的动力学特性[J].科学通报,2010,55(10):857-866Cai Jun,Huai Xiulan,Li Xunfeng.Investigation on cavitation bubble dynamics in compressible liquid under turbulence[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2010,55(10):857-866
13蔡军,淮秀兰,闫润生,等.湍流作用下水力空化气泡内温度演变的动力学分析[J].科学通报,2011,56(12):947-955Cai Jun,Huai Xiulan,Yan Runsheng,et al.Dynamic analysis on temperature evolution inside a single bubble due to hydrodynamic cavitation under turbulence[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2011,56(12):947-955
14陶跃群,蔡军,刘斌,等.湍流作用下空化泡的动力学分析和溃灭瞬间自由基产量计算[J].中国科学院大学学报,2017,34(2):191-197Tao Yuequn,Cai Jun,Liu Bin,et al.Bubble dynamic analysis and hydroxyl radical production calculation at bubble collapse in turbulence flow[J].Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2017,34(2):191-197
15邓松圣,雷飞东,李赵杰,等.空化水射流物理化学效应分析[J].环境保护,2011,29(4):81-84Deng Songsheng,Lei Feidong,Li Zhaojie,et al.Analysis on physical and chemical effects of cavitating water jet flow[J].Environment Protection,2011,29(4):81-84
16杨思静,晋日亚,乔伊娜,等.水力空化结合Fenton过程降解甲基橙染料废水[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(10):96-100Yang Sijing,Jin Riya,Qiao Yina,et al.Degrading the methyl orange dye wastewater by combination of hydrodynamic cavitation with advanced fenton process[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2017,17(10):96-100
17孔维甸,晋日亚,乔怡娜,等.水力空化强化二氧化氯降解罗丹明B的研究[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(28):139-143Kong Weidian,Jin Riya,Qiao Yina,et al.Study on the degradation of rhodamine B by hydrodynamic cavitation and chlorine dioxide[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(28)139-143
18秦兵.稠油乳化降粘剂结构与性能关系的研究[D].北京:石油化工科学研究院,2001Qin Bing.Study on the relationship between the composition and performance of viscosity-reducing agent used in the viscous crude recovery[D].Beijing:Research Institute of Petroleum Processing,2001
19 AlMaamari R S,Houache O,AbdulWahab S A.New correlating parameter for the viscosity of heavy crude oil[J].Energy and Fuels,2006,20(6):2586-2592
20杨树人,谭放,张莹,等.空化喷嘴内部流场的数值模拟[J].科学技术与工程,2010,10(33):8329-8332Yang Shuren,Tan Fang,Zhang Ying,et al.Numerical simulation on internal flow field in cavitating nozzle[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2010,10(33):8329-8332
21马超群.基于CFD的空化喷嘴结构参数研究[J].科学技术与工程,2012,12(34):9173-9177,9185Ma Chaoqun.Simulation of the two stage cavitation nozzle with CFD[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2012,12(34):9173-9177,9185
22李根生,沈忠厚.风琴管自振空化喷嘴的设计原理[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),1992,16(5):35-39Li Gensheng,Shen Zhonghou.Design Principle of organ-pipe cavitating jet nozzles[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum(Natural Science),1992,16(5):35-39
23张凤华,唐川林,杨林,等.空化喷嘴出口形状的研究[J].流体机械,2004,32(1):25-28Zhang Fenghua,Tang Chuanlin,Yang Lin,et al.Investigation of cavitating nozzle with converging-diverging exit[J].Fluid Machinery,2004,32(1):25-28
24 Kalumuck K M,Chahine G L.The use of cavitating jets to oxidize organic compounds in water[J].ASME Journal of Fluids Engineering,2000,122(9):465-470
25黄婷,宁正福,刘慧卿,等.组分影响稠油渗流特征实验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(23):6851-6854,6865Huang Ting,Ning Zhengfu,Liu Huiqing,et al.Experiment investigation on mobility characteristics of different components of heavy oil[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2013,13(23):6851-6854,6865
2王婉青,易晨曦,吴小川,等.稠油降粘技术概述[J].四川化工,2013,16(2):13-17Wang Wanqing,Yi Chenxi,Wu Xiaochuan,et al.Heavy oil viscosity methods overview[J].Sichuan Chemical Industry,2013,16(2):13-17
3柳荣伟,陈侠玲,周宁.稠油降粘技术及降粘机理研究进展[J].精细石油化工进展,2008,9(4):20-25,30Liu Rongwei,Chen Xialing,Zhou Ning.Study on viscosity-reducing techniques and mechanisms for viscous crude oils[J].Advances in Fine Petrochemicals,2008,9(4):20-25,30
4郭继香,张江伟.稠油掺稀降黏技术研究进展[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(36):124-132Guo Jixiang,Zhang Jiangwei.Review on the technology of blending diluting oil in heavy oil well[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2014,14(36):124-132
5李向博,葛明兰,陈金媛,等.稠油油溶性降黏剂的合成与评价[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(23):177-180Li Xiangbo,Ge Minglan,Chen Jinyuan,et al.Synthesis and evaluation of oil-soluble viscosity reducer for heavy oil[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(23):177-180
6孙强,申龙涉.超稠油掺水溶性乳化剂降粘及降粘试验[J].油气储运,2009,28(2):43-46Sun Qiang,Shen Longshe.Viscosity reduction test of viscosity reducerdoped water-soluble emulsion[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2009,28(2):43-46
7刘永建,钟立国,范洪富,等.稠油的水热裂解反应及其降粘机理[J].大庆石油学院学报,2002,26(3):95-98,122Liu Yongjian,Zhong Liguo,Fan Hongfu,et al.Study on the aquathermolysis and viscosity reduced mechanism of heavy oil[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2002,26(3):95-98,122
8许洪星,蒲春生,董巧玲,等.超声波协同催化剂低温裂解超稠油实验研究[J].应用化工,2012,41(7):1143-1146Xu Hongxing,Pu Chunsheng,Dong Qiaoling,et al.Experimental study on ultrasonic assisted catalytic aquathermolysis of ultra-heavy oil[J].Applied Chemical Industry,2012,41(7):1143-1146
9董慧娟,张甲,朱波,等.原油超声波降黏实验研究[J].石油学报,2010,31(3):486-489Dong Huijuan,Zhang Jia,Zhu Bo,et al.Experimental study on ultrasonic viscosity-reduction method of crude oil[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(3):486-489
10管金发,邓松圣,张攀锋,等.空化特性研究进展[J].科学技术与工程,2011,11(27):6674-6680Guan Jinfa,Deng Songsheng,Zhang Panfeng,et al.Research progress of cavitation characteristics[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2011,11(27):6674-6680
11 Suslick K S.Sonochemistry[J].Science,1990,247(49):1439-1445
12蔡军,淮秀兰,李勋锋.湍流作用下可压缩液体中空化泡的动力学特性[J].科学通报,2010,55(10):857-866Cai Jun,Huai Xiulan,Li Xunfeng.Investigation on cavitation bubble dynamics in compressible liquid under turbulence[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2010,55(10):857-866
13蔡军,淮秀兰,闫润生,等.湍流作用下水力空化气泡内温度演变的动力学分析[J].科学通报,2011,56(12):947-955Cai Jun,Huai Xiulan,Yan Runsheng,et al.Dynamic analysis on temperature evolution inside a single bubble due to hydrodynamic cavitation under turbulence[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2011,56(12):947-955
14陶跃群,蔡军,刘斌,等.湍流作用下空化泡的动力学分析和溃灭瞬间自由基产量计算[J].中国科学院大学学报,2017,34(2):191-197Tao Yuequn,Cai Jun,Liu Bin,et al.Bubble dynamic analysis and hydroxyl radical production calculation at bubble collapse in turbulence flow[J].Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2017,34(2):191-197
15邓松圣,雷飞东,李赵杰,等.空化水射流物理化学效应分析[J].环境保护,2011,29(4):81-84Deng Songsheng,Lei Feidong,Li Zhaojie,et al.Analysis on physical and chemical effects of cavitating water jet flow[J].Environment Protection,2011,29(4):81-84
16杨思静,晋日亚,乔伊娜,等.水力空化结合Fenton过程降解甲基橙染料废水[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(10):96-100Yang Sijing,Jin Riya,Qiao Yina,et al.Degrading the methyl orange dye wastewater by combination of hydrodynamic cavitation with advanced fenton process[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2017,17(10):96-100
17孔维甸,晋日亚,乔怡娜,等.水力空化强化二氧化氯降解罗丹明B的研究[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(28):139-143Kong Weidian,Jin Riya,Qiao Yina,et al.Study on the degradation of rhodamine B by hydrodynamic cavitation and chlorine dioxide[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(28)139-143
18秦兵.稠油乳化降粘剂结构与性能关系的研究[D].北京:石油化工科学研究院,2001Qin Bing.Study on the relationship between the composition and performance of viscosity-reducing agent used in the viscous crude recovery[D].Beijing:Research Institute of Petroleum Processing,2001
19 AlMaamari R S,Houache O,AbdulWahab S A.New correlating parameter for the viscosity of heavy crude oil[J].Energy and Fuels,2006,20(6):2586-2592
20杨树人,谭放,张莹,等.空化喷嘴内部流场的数值模拟[J].科学技术与工程,2010,10(33):8329-8332Yang Shuren,Tan Fang,Zhang Ying,et al.Numerical simulation on internal flow field in cavitating nozzle[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2010,10(33):8329-8332
21马超群.基于CFD的空化喷嘴结构参数研究[J].科学技术与工程,2012,12(34):9173-9177,9185Ma Chaoqun.Simulation of the two stage cavitation nozzle with CFD[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2012,12(34):9173-9177,9185
22李根生,沈忠厚.风琴管自振空化喷嘴的设计原理[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),1992,16(5):35-39Li Gensheng,Shen Zhonghou.Design Principle of organ-pipe cavitating jet nozzles[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum(Natural Science),1992,16(5):35-39
23张凤华,唐川林,杨林,等.空化喷嘴出口形状的研究[J].流体机械,2004,32(1):25-28Zhang Fenghua,Tang Chuanlin,Yang Lin,et al.Investigation of cavitating nozzle with converging-diverging exit[J].Fluid Machinery,2004,32(1):25-28
24 Kalumuck K M,Chahine G L.The use of cavitating jets to oxidize organic compounds in water[J].ASME Journal of Fluids Engineering,2000,122(9):465-470
25黄婷,宁正福,刘慧卿,等.组分影响稠油渗流特征实验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(23):6851-6854,6865Huang Ting,Ning Zhengfu,Liu Huiqing,et al.Experiment investigation on mobility characteristics of different components of heavy oil[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2013,13(23):6851-6854,6865