中国人口残疾防控的经济效益中“家庭收入补偿”评估
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摘要
我国残疾人口规模大、残疾种类和致残原因复杂,给个人、家庭和公共卫生体系造成巨大经济负担。残疾防控具有重要的社会和经济效益,但目前仍然缺乏对残疾防控经济效果的科学评估。本研究利用第二次全国残疾人抽样调查数据,基于经济负担视角,在残疾规模的预测和残疾家庭收入损失的研究结果基础上,对残疾防控经济效益中"家庭收入补偿"进行了评估。研究表明,残疾防控根据不同方案,在2050年将产生1. 41-1. 92万亿元人民币/年的收益,累计产生15. 14-21. 73万亿元人民币收益。残疾防控力度越大,所产生的家庭收入补偿越高,预期经济效益越大。本研究首次对残疾防控的经济效益评估的思路和方法进行探索,虽然家庭收入补偿只是诸多效益中的一小部分,人口残疾防控的经济效益已经十分显著。加大残疾防控的财政投入和体系建设对于促进健康中国战略目标的尽快实现和小康社会的全面建成具有重要意义。
The large-scale,complex types and causes of the disabilities have caused huge economic burden to individuals,families and the public health system in China. Disability prevention and control has important social and economic benefits,but there is still a lack of a scientific evaluation of its economic effect. Using the data of the China Second National Sample Survey on Disability and from the perspective of economic cost,this study evaluates the economic benefits of disability prevention and control based on the prediction of disability scale from previous studies and the results of the household extra income of this study. The results indicated that disability prevention and control could prevent the loss of household extra income of disability effectively. If the targetof 50% reduction in the emerging disability scale is achieved in 2030,and then achieved the target of 20% reduction in 2050,1920 billion yuan of economic benefits will be generated then,and a total of 21731 billion yuan of economic benefits will be generated by 2050. This study explores the economic benefits of disability prevention and control for the first time by evaluating. It highlights the remarkable economic benefits of population disability prevention and control. Increasing financial investment and system construction in disability prevention and control is of great significance for promoting the realization of strategic objectives of healthy China and building a well-off society in an all-round way.
The large-scale,complex types and causes of the disabilities have caused huge economic burden to individuals,families and the public health system in China. Disability prevention and control has important social and economic benefits,but there is still a lack of a scientific evaluation of its economic effect. Using the data of the China Second National Sample Survey on Disability and from the perspective of economic cost,this study evaluates the economic benefits of disability prevention and control based on the prediction of disability scale from previous studies and the results of the household extra income of this study. The results indicated that disability prevention and control could prevent the loss of household extra income of disability effectively. If the targetof 50% reduction in the emerging disability scale is achieved in 2030,and then achieved the target of 20% reduction in 2050,1920 billion yuan of economic benefits will be generated then,and a total of 21731 billion yuan of economic benefits will be generated by 2050. This study explores the economic benefits of disability prevention and control for the first time by evaluating. It highlights the remarkable economic benefits of population disability prevention and control. Increasing financial investment and system construction in disability prevention and control is of great significance for promoting the realization of strategic objectives of healthy China and building a well-off society in an all-round way.
引文
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刘志梅,马鸣岗,汪宏,李曼春.疾病经济负担分析在卫生管理中的应用[J].中国卫生经济,1993,(11):55-57.
清华大学国情研究院课题组.中国经济增长前景及动力分析(2015-2050)[J].国家治理,2017,(45):2-8.
杨轶华,王璐航.不同年龄段精神残疾人社会保障需求研究——基于东北农村残疾人的调查与思考.黑龙江社会科学,2014,(1):90-97.
约翰·威尔逊.残疾预防——全球性的挑战[M].北京:华夏出版社,1992.
张蕾.中国残疾人口变化趋势预测研究[D].北京大学,2007.
Ettaro L,Songer T J,Ping Zhang,et al. Cost-of-Illness Studies in Diabetes Mellitus[J]. Pharmaco Economics, 2004, 22(3):149-164.
Filmer D. Disability,poverty and schooling in developing countries:results from eleven household surveys. In;2005;2005. p. 141-163.
Gertler P, Gruber J. Insuring Consumption against Illness[J]. American Economic Review 2002;92(1):51-70.
Loyalka P,Liu L,Chen G,et al. The cost of disability in China[J]. Demography,2014,51(1):97-118.
Meyer BD,Mok W. Disability,Earnings,Income and Consumption, Social Science Electronic Publishing 2013.
Saunders P. The costs of disability and incidence of poverty. Sydney, Social Policy Research Centre, University of New South Wales,2006.
Shiue I,Sand M. Quality of life in caregivers with and without chronic disease:Welsh Health Survey,2013[J]. Journal of Public Health2016;85(12):210.
Wang H,De Steur H,Chen G,et al. Effectiveness of folic acid fortified flour for prevention of neural tube defects in a high risk region[J]. Nutrients,2016,8(3):152.
WHO. WHO global disability action plan 2014-2021:Better health for all people with disability. Geneva:World Health Organization,2015.
WHO. World Report on Disability 2011. Geneva:World Health Organization,2011.
World Bank. Development Report 1993:investing in health[M]. Oxford University Press, 1993.
Zaidi A,Burchardt T. Comparing incomes when needs differ:equivalization for the extra costs of disability in the UK[J]. Review of Income&Wealth,2010,51(1):89-114.
第二次全国残疾人抽样调查领导小组.2006年第二次全国残疾人抽样调查主要数据公报[J].中国康复理论与实践,2006,12(12):1013-1013.
胡建平,饶克勤,钱军程,吴静.中国疾病经济负担的宏观分析[J].中国卫生经济,2007,(6):56-58.
廖娟.残疾与贫困:基于收入贫困和多维贫困测量的研究.人口与发展,2015,(1):68-77.
刘志梅,马鸣岗,汪宏,李曼春.疾病经济负担分析在卫生管理中的应用[J].中国卫生经济,1993,(11):55-57.
清华大学国情研究院课题组.中国经济增长前景及动力分析(2015-2050)[J].国家治理,2017,(45):2-8.
杨轶华,王璐航.不同年龄段精神残疾人社会保障需求研究——基于东北农村残疾人的调查与思考.黑龙江社会科学,2014,(1):90-97.
约翰·威尔逊.残疾预防——全球性的挑战[M].北京:华夏出版社,1992.
张蕾.中国残疾人口变化趋势预测研究[D].北京大学,2007.