新疆草原生态保护补助奖励机制政策效益分析评价
|
摘要
本文采用数据统计比对分析法探讨了草原补奖政策的实施对天然草原生态和牧民生产生活的影响,通过2017年全疆草原监测数据与实施草原生态奖补机制前的2010年、"十二五"期间、近五年及上年监测数据进行综合对比分析,结果表明:2017年全疆天然草原牧草长势总体平稳,综合植被盖度、综合植被高度比近五年(2012-2016年)增加了1.71个百分点和2.42厘米,与去年同期基本持平。全疆天然草原禁牧区鲜草产量比实施草原生态补奖机制前的2010年提高32.66%;比"十二五"期间提高了28.68%,比近五年(2012-2016年)提高了17.47%;全疆天然草原草畜平衡区鲜草产量比实施草原生态补奖机制前的2010年提高了26.53%;比"十二五"期间提高19.54%;比近五年(2012-2016年)提高了12%。天然草原超载率由实施生态补奖机制前2010年的33%降至目前的8.7%。新疆草原生态补奖政策成效显著。
In this paper, the impact by implementing grassland subsidy policy on natural grassland ecology and herdsmen's life was discussed by comparing and analyzing the monitoring data of grassland across Xinjiang in 2017 and the one respectively in 2010 prior to the policy, during the period of 12 th Five-year Plan, in recent five years and last year. The results showed that the overall growth of grassland in Xinjiang in2017 was steady, and the coverage and height of integrated vegetation had increased by 1.71%(2.42 centimeters) compared to the past five years(2012-2016), which generally remained the same as the one in the same period in last year. The fresh grass output in forbidden zones of natural grasslands in Xinjiang increased by 32.66 % compared to the one in 2010 prior to the policy; by 28.68% compared to the period of 12 th FiveYear Plan; and by 17.47% compared to recent five years(2012-2016). For the forage-livestock balance zones,the grass output was increased by 26.53% compared to the one in 2010 prior to the policy; by 19.54%compared to the period of 12 th Five-Year Plan; and by 12% compared to recent five years(2012-2016).Presently, the overload rate of natural grasslands has decreased from 33% in 2010 to 8.7%. It was concluded that remarkable results were achieved by implementing the policy.
In this paper, the impact by implementing grassland subsidy policy on natural grassland ecology and herdsmen's life was discussed by comparing and analyzing the monitoring data of grassland across Xinjiang in 2017 and the one respectively in 2010 prior to the policy, during the period of 12 th Five-year Plan, in recent five years and last year. The results showed that the overall growth of grassland in Xinjiang in2017 was steady, and the coverage and height of integrated vegetation had increased by 1.71%(2.42 centimeters) compared to the past five years(2012-2016), which generally remained the same as the one in the same period in last year. The fresh grass output in forbidden zones of natural grasslands in Xinjiang increased by 32.66 % compared to the one in 2010 prior to the policy; by 28.68% compared to the period of 12 th FiveYear Plan; and by 17.47% compared to recent five years(2012-2016). For the forage-livestock balance zones,the grass output was increased by 26.53% compared to the one in 2010 prior to the policy; by 19.54%compared to the period of 12 th Five-Year Plan; and by 12% compared to recent five years(2012-2016).Presently, the overload rate of natural grasslands has decreased from 33% in 2010 to 8.7%. It was concluded that remarkable results were achieved by implementing the policy.
引文
[1]张瑞麟.新疆生态建设十大亮点[N].新疆经济报,2015-12-03(2).
[2]原自治区畜牧厅.第一轮草原生态保护补助奖励机制实施方案[Z].2010-10-24.
[3]郭选政,于振田,赵德云.草地资源图集[M].西安:西安地图出版社,1999.
[4]李发重.新疆草地图册[M].乌鲁木齐:新疆人民出版社,2001.
[5]许鹏.新疆草地资源及其利用[M].乌鲁木齐:新疆科技卫生出版社,1993,38-79.
[6]草原保护建设应为生态文明建设作出更大贡献[J].草业科学,2008,(04):94.
[7]王丹阳.锡林郭勒盟草原生态保护补助奖励政策效益评价[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2013.
[8]新疆维吾尔自治区畜牧兽医局.新疆畜牧业改革开放40年成就专题报告[J].新疆畜牧业,2018,33(12):4-5.
[9]新疆维吾尔自治区草原总站.新疆2017年草原资源与生态监测报告[Z].2018-02-15.
[10]陈虹.新疆统计年鉴-2017[M].乌鲁木齐:中国统计出版社,2017.
[11]原自治区畜牧厅.新疆维吾尔自治区草原禁牧和草畜平衡监督管理办法[Z].2012-02-02.
[2]原自治区畜牧厅.第一轮草原生态保护补助奖励机制实施方案[Z].2010-10-24.
[3]郭选政,于振田,赵德云.草地资源图集[M].西安:西安地图出版社,1999.
[4]李发重.新疆草地图册[M].乌鲁木齐:新疆人民出版社,2001.
[5]许鹏.新疆草地资源及其利用[M].乌鲁木齐:新疆科技卫生出版社,1993,38-79.
[6]草原保护建设应为生态文明建设作出更大贡献[J].草业科学,2008,(04):94.
[7]王丹阳.锡林郭勒盟草原生态保护补助奖励政策效益评价[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2013.
[8]新疆维吾尔自治区畜牧兽医局.新疆畜牧业改革开放40年成就专题报告[J].新疆畜牧业,2018,33(12):4-5.
[9]新疆维吾尔自治区草原总站.新疆2017年草原资源与生态监测报告[Z].2018-02-15.
[10]陈虹.新疆统计年鉴-2017[M].乌鲁木齐:中国统计出版社,2017.
[11]原自治区畜牧厅.新疆维吾尔自治区草原禁牧和草畜平衡监督管理办法[Z].2012-02-02.