跨海桥梁GPS高程拟合方法
|
摘要
针对跨海桥梁高程基准传递的技术难题,该文阐述了GPS高程拟合的基本原理,分析了高程拟合中的几个关键技术问题,总结出了GPS高程拟合的技术要点及提高拟合精度的措施。提出了基于二次多项式曲面的跨海桥梁工程GPS高程拟合方法,利用港珠澳大桥工程区域内的21个高精度GPS水准点建立二次多项式曲面拟合模型,并用另外7个点进行检核。结果显示:模型的内符合精度为±8.7mm,外符合精度为±12.4mm,2个海中测量平台控制点的拟合高程达到二等水准测量精度要求。
Aiming at the difficult technical problem of elevation transfer for sea-crossing bridge engineering,the basic principle of GPS elevation fitting method was described.Some key techniques of elevation fitting were analyzed,and the technical points of GPS elevation fitting and the measures to improve the precision of the fitted elevation were summarized.Then the GPS elevation fitting method based on conicoid fitting was put forward for sea-crossing bridge engineering,and the conicoid fitting model was built up by using 21 accurate GPS levelling points within the construction area of Hongkong-Zhuhai-Maocau Bridge,with other 7points for checking.The result showed that the internal compliance precision of the model is 8.7mm,and the external compliance precision of which is 12.4mm,and the accuracy of fitted elevation of 2control points on survey platforms in the sea reaches accuracy standard of the second order levelling.
Aiming at the difficult technical problem of elevation transfer for sea-crossing bridge engineering,the basic principle of GPS elevation fitting method was described.Some key techniques of elevation fitting were analyzed,and the technical points of GPS elevation fitting and the measures to improve the precision of the fitted elevation were summarized.Then the GPS elevation fitting method based on conicoid fitting was put forward for sea-crossing bridge engineering,and the conicoid fitting model was built up by using 21 accurate GPS levelling points within the construction area of Hongkong-Zhuhai-Maocau Bridge,with other 7points for checking.The result showed that the internal compliance precision of the model is 8.7mm,and the external compliance precision of which is 12.4mm,and the accuracy of fitted elevation of 2control points on survey platforms in the sea reaches accuracy standard of the second order levelling.
引文
[1]肖根旺,许提多,朱顺生.GPS高程在杭州湾大桥高程控制中应用研究[J].铁道学报,2004,26(5):101-106.(XIAO Genwang,XU Tiduo,ZHU Shunsheng.Research on application of GPS height measurement in vertical control network for hangzhouwan great bridge[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2004,26(5):101-106.)
[2]姚喜,栾学科,王志博.GPS水准拟合方法的研究[J].测绘科学,2010,35(s1):42-43.(YAO Xi,LUAN Xueke,WANG Zhibo.Research on GPS level fitting methods[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2010,35(s1):42-43.)
[3]邬昱昆,岳东杰,杨柏宁.GPS水准在苏通大桥工程建设中的应用研究[J].测绘通报,2007(2):58-60.(WU Yukun,YUE Dongjie,YANG Baining.On the application of GPS leveling in the sutong bridge[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2007(2):58-60.)
[4]朱春宁,王成,唐佑辉,等.GPS高程拟合模型选取及实验分析[J].勘察科学技术,2014(6):21-23.(ZHU Chunning,WANG Cheng,TANG Youhui,et al.Selection and experimental analysis of GPS elevation fitting models[J].Site Investigation Science and Technology,2014(6):21-23.)
[5]吴迪军,黄全义,张建军,等.特大型桥梁施工GPS高程控制网技术研究[J].测绘信息与工程,2006,31(5):18-19.(WU Dijun,HUANG Quanyi,ZHANG Jianjun,et al.Techology of GPS level control network for ultra large-scale bridge construction[J].Journal of Geomatics,2006,31(5):18-19.)
[6]欧阳欣,张立亭.GPS水准拟合模型的比较与分析[J].测绘工程,2009,18(2):32-33.(OU Yangxin,ZHANG Liting.Comparison and analysis of GPS level fit model[J].Engineering of Surveying and Mapping,2009,18(2):32-33.)
[7]王岩,刘茂华,党永超.小地区GPS高程拟合的方法研究与实施[J].测绘通报,2012(s1):66-68.(WANG Yan,LIU Maohua,DANG Yongchao.Research and implementation on GPS elevation fitting methods in small area[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2012(s1):66-68.)
[8]周明明,王山东,王璐.基于二次曲面及多面函数的GPS高程拟合研究[J].计算机与数字工程,2014,42(2):315-318.(ZHOU Mingming,WANG Shandong,WANG Lu.GPS height fitting based on conicoid function and multi-faceted function[J].Computer&Digital Engineering,2014,42(2):315-318.)
[9]吉渊明,赵水泉.曲面拟合法求GPS网正常高的几点认识[J].测绘通报,1998(7):4-8.(JI Yuanming,ZHAO Shuiquan.Some understanding of polynomial surface fitting in normal height computing of GPS control point[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,1998(7):4-8.)
[10]董思学,郑南山.GPS高程综合拟合模型与精度分析[J].测绘地理信息,2011,36(4):23-25.(DONG Sixue,ZHENG Nanshan.Accuracy analysis and integrated fitting model of GPS height[J].Journal of Geomatics,2011,36(4):23-25.)
[11]刘帅,王礼江,朱建军,等.GPS高程拟合模型的优选[J].测绘工程,2006,15(4):17-19,26.(LIU Shuai,WANG Lijiang,ZHU Jianjun,et al.Optimizing model for GPS height fitting[J].Engineering of Surveying and Mapping,2006,15(4):17-19,26.)
[12]管真,陈剑杰,尉伯虎.控制点数量与分布对GPS水准二次曲面拟合精度的影响[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2012,35(2):126-128.(GUAN Zhen,CHEN Jianjie,WEI Bohu.Influence of number and distribution of control points on the GPS leveling fitting accuracy conicoid fitting method[J].Geomatics&Spatial Information Technology,2012,35(2):126-128.)
[13]沈云中,高达凯,张兴福.GPS水准点优化选择法[J].工程勘察,2004(6):49-51.(SHEN Yunzhong,GAO Dakai,ZHANG Xingfu.Optimal choice method of GPS level points[J].Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2004(6):49-51.)
[14]徐绍铨,李振洪,吴云孙.GPS高程拟合系统的研究[J].武汉测绘科技大学学报,1999,24(4):336-340.(XU Shaoquan,LI Zhenhong,WU Yunsun.Research of GPS abnormal height interpolation system[J].Journal of Wuhan Technical University of Survey and Mapping,1999,24(4):336-340.)
[15]张勤,王利.GPS高程拟合中的稳健估计[J].城市勘测,2000(4):9-13.(ZHANG Qin,WANG Li.Robust estimation in GPS height fitting[J].Urban Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2000(4):9-13.)
[16]李琳琳,曹凯滨,谢卫民,等.归一化改进二次曲面法转换GPS高程[J].测绘科学,2011,36(4):203-204.(LI Linlin,CAO Kaibin,XIE Weimin,et al.Conversion GPS height based on normalized quadric surface[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2011,36(4):203-204.)
[17]王新桥,黄良珂,刘立龙.GPS高程转换模型[J].桂林理工大学学报,2013,33(3):504-508.(WANG Xinqiao,HUANG Liangke,LIU Lilong.GPS elevation conversion model[J].Journal of Guilin University of Technology,2013,33(3):504-508.)
[18]丁海勇,孙景领.GPS高程转换的总体最小二乘方法研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2013,33(3):52-55,63.(DING Haiyong,SUN Jingling.Research on total least-squares method for transformation of GPS elevation[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2013,33(3):52-55,63.)
[19]袁豹,岳东杰.加权总体最小二乘法及其在GPS高程拟合中的应用[J].勘察科学技术,2013(2):43-45.(YUAN Bao,YUE Dongjie.Application of weighted total least-squares method in GPS elevation fitting[J].Site Investigation Science and Technology,2013(2):43-45.)
[20]何美琳,文鸿雁,潘元进,等.GPS高程拟合的方法比较[J].测绘科学,2013,38(3):63-65.(HE Meilin,WEN Hongyan,PAN Yuanjin,et al.Comparison of methods in GPS elevation fitting[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2013,38(3):63-65.)
[21]岳东杰,李立瑞,郭培闪.主成分分析在GPS高程拟合中的应用[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2011,39(3):323-326.(YUE Dongjie,LI Lirui,GUO Peishan.Application of principle component analysis in GPS height fitting[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Science),2011,39(3):323-326.)
[22]厉峰,周兴华,李新,等.岭估计在多项式曲面拟合GPS高程中的应用[J].海岸工程,2012,31(1):55-59.(LI Feng,ZHOU Xinghua,LI Xin,et al.The application of ridge estimation in GPS height fitting with polynomial surface[J].Coastal Engineering,2012,31(1):55-59.)
[2]姚喜,栾学科,王志博.GPS水准拟合方法的研究[J].测绘科学,2010,35(s1):42-43.(YAO Xi,LUAN Xueke,WANG Zhibo.Research on GPS level fitting methods[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2010,35(s1):42-43.)
[3]邬昱昆,岳东杰,杨柏宁.GPS水准在苏通大桥工程建设中的应用研究[J].测绘通报,2007(2):58-60.(WU Yukun,YUE Dongjie,YANG Baining.On the application of GPS leveling in the sutong bridge[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2007(2):58-60.)
[4]朱春宁,王成,唐佑辉,等.GPS高程拟合模型选取及实验分析[J].勘察科学技术,2014(6):21-23.(ZHU Chunning,WANG Cheng,TANG Youhui,et al.Selection and experimental analysis of GPS elevation fitting models[J].Site Investigation Science and Technology,2014(6):21-23.)
[5]吴迪军,黄全义,张建军,等.特大型桥梁施工GPS高程控制网技术研究[J].测绘信息与工程,2006,31(5):18-19.(WU Dijun,HUANG Quanyi,ZHANG Jianjun,et al.Techology of GPS level control network for ultra large-scale bridge construction[J].Journal of Geomatics,2006,31(5):18-19.)
[6]欧阳欣,张立亭.GPS水准拟合模型的比较与分析[J].测绘工程,2009,18(2):32-33.(OU Yangxin,ZHANG Liting.Comparison and analysis of GPS level fit model[J].Engineering of Surveying and Mapping,2009,18(2):32-33.)
[7]王岩,刘茂华,党永超.小地区GPS高程拟合的方法研究与实施[J].测绘通报,2012(s1):66-68.(WANG Yan,LIU Maohua,DANG Yongchao.Research and implementation on GPS elevation fitting methods in small area[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2012(s1):66-68.)
[8]周明明,王山东,王璐.基于二次曲面及多面函数的GPS高程拟合研究[J].计算机与数字工程,2014,42(2):315-318.(ZHOU Mingming,WANG Shandong,WANG Lu.GPS height fitting based on conicoid function and multi-faceted function[J].Computer&Digital Engineering,2014,42(2):315-318.)
[9]吉渊明,赵水泉.曲面拟合法求GPS网正常高的几点认识[J].测绘通报,1998(7):4-8.(JI Yuanming,ZHAO Shuiquan.Some understanding of polynomial surface fitting in normal height computing of GPS control point[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,1998(7):4-8.)
[10]董思学,郑南山.GPS高程综合拟合模型与精度分析[J].测绘地理信息,2011,36(4):23-25.(DONG Sixue,ZHENG Nanshan.Accuracy analysis and integrated fitting model of GPS height[J].Journal of Geomatics,2011,36(4):23-25.)
[11]刘帅,王礼江,朱建军,等.GPS高程拟合模型的优选[J].测绘工程,2006,15(4):17-19,26.(LIU Shuai,WANG Lijiang,ZHU Jianjun,et al.Optimizing model for GPS height fitting[J].Engineering of Surveying and Mapping,2006,15(4):17-19,26.)
[12]管真,陈剑杰,尉伯虎.控制点数量与分布对GPS水准二次曲面拟合精度的影响[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2012,35(2):126-128.(GUAN Zhen,CHEN Jianjie,WEI Bohu.Influence of number and distribution of control points on the GPS leveling fitting accuracy conicoid fitting method[J].Geomatics&Spatial Information Technology,2012,35(2):126-128.)
[13]沈云中,高达凯,张兴福.GPS水准点优化选择法[J].工程勘察,2004(6):49-51.(SHEN Yunzhong,GAO Dakai,ZHANG Xingfu.Optimal choice method of GPS level points[J].Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2004(6):49-51.)
[14]徐绍铨,李振洪,吴云孙.GPS高程拟合系统的研究[J].武汉测绘科技大学学报,1999,24(4):336-340.(XU Shaoquan,LI Zhenhong,WU Yunsun.Research of GPS abnormal height interpolation system[J].Journal of Wuhan Technical University of Survey and Mapping,1999,24(4):336-340.)
[15]张勤,王利.GPS高程拟合中的稳健估计[J].城市勘测,2000(4):9-13.(ZHANG Qin,WANG Li.Robust estimation in GPS height fitting[J].Urban Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2000(4):9-13.)
[16]李琳琳,曹凯滨,谢卫民,等.归一化改进二次曲面法转换GPS高程[J].测绘科学,2011,36(4):203-204.(LI Linlin,CAO Kaibin,XIE Weimin,et al.Conversion GPS height based on normalized quadric surface[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2011,36(4):203-204.)
[17]王新桥,黄良珂,刘立龙.GPS高程转换模型[J].桂林理工大学学报,2013,33(3):504-508.(WANG Xinqiao,HUANG Liangke,LIU Lilong.GPS elevation conversion model[J].Journal of Guilin University of Technology,2013,33(3):504-508.)
[18]丁海勇,孙景领.GPS高程转换的总体最小二乘方法研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2013,33(3):52-55,63.(DING Haiyong,SUN Jingling.Research on total least-squares method for transformation of GPS elevation[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2013,33(3):52-55,63.)
[19]袁豹,岳东杰.加权总体最小二乘法及其在GPS高程拟合中的应用[J].勘察科学技术,2013(2):43-45.(YUAN Bao,YUE Dongjie.Application of weighted total least-squares method in GPS elevation fitting[J].Site Investigation Science and Technology,2013(2):43-45.)
[20]何美琳,文鸿雁,潘元进,等.GPS高程拟合的方法比较[J].测绘科学,2013,38(3):63-65.(HE Meilin,WEN Hongyan,PAN Yuanjin,et al.Comparison of methods in GPS elevation fitting[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2013,38(3):63-65.)
[21]岳东杰,李立瑞,郭培闪.主成分分析在GPS高程拟合中的应用[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2011,39(3):323-326.(YUE Dongjie,LI Lirui,GUO Peishan.Application of principle component analysis in GPS height fitting[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Science),2011,39(3):323-326.)
[22]厉峰,周兴华,李新,等.岭估计在多项式曲面拟合GPS高程中的应用[J].海岸工程,2012,31(1):55-59.(LI Feng,ZHOU Xinghua,LI Xin,et al.The application of ridge estimation in GPS height fitting with polynomial surface[J].Coastal Engineering,2012,31(1):55-59.)