耕地细碎化与耕地集约利用水平空间相关特征研究——以湖北省为例
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摘要
研究目的:探索耕地细碎化与耕地集约利用水平之间的空间相关关系。研究方法:采用Jenks自然断点法分析耕地细碎化程度与耕地集约利用水平的空间分异特征,运用空间自相关法分析两者之间的空间聚集状态并对其进行空间耦合分析。研究结果:(1)耕地细碎化的空间聚集状态与耕地集约利用呈现相反分布趋势;(2)斑块面积指数、形状指数与耕地集约利用的各项指标均有一定的耦合关系,而斑块分散指数与集约利用指标的耦合相关性不强;(3)耕地细碎化与耕地集约利用的耦合关系在不同区域表现不同:西南山区集约利用受细碎化影响较大,而中部江汉平原地带的空间耦合关系不强。研究结论:山区耕地应多加强耕地细碎整治,而江汉平原地带应当严格管制耕地,防止耕地弃耕抛荒现象,从而提高耕地集约利用程度。
In order to explore the spatial relationship between land fragmentation and intensive use levels in Hubei Province, this paper investigates spatial differentiated characteristics of land fragmentation and intensive use levels by using spatial measurement method, gains landscape indicators of land fragmentation from the results of 2014 land use change survey in Hubei province, and discusses the correlation among different land fragmentation forms and intensive utilization degrees by using spatial autocorrelation method. The research indicates that: 1)the spatial concentration of land fragmentation is opposite to the level of land intensive use. 2)The patch area index and shape index have certain coupling relation with each index of intensive use of cultivated land,while the correlation between patch dispersion index and intensive use index is not significant. 3)The coupling relationship between land fragmentation and intensive use of cultivated land is different across the regions. The intensive use of the mountainous areas in the south-west of Hubei Province is greatly influenced by the fragmentation, while the spatial coupling is not strong in Central Jianghan Plain. In conclusion, cultivated land in mountainous areas should be prevented from fragmentation, while Jianghan Plain area should be strictly controlled to prevent cultivated land abondent, so as to improve the degree of intensive use of cultivated land.
In order to explore the spatial relationship between land fragmentation and intensive use levels in Hubei Province, this paper investigates spatial differentiated characteristics of land fragmentation and intensive use levels by using spatial measurement method, gains landscape indicators of land fragmentation from the results of 2014 land use change survey in Hubei province, and discusses the correlation among different land fragmentation forms and intensive utilization degrees by using spatial autocorrelation method. The research indicates that: 1)the spatial concentration of land fragmentation is opposite to the level of land intensive use. 2)The patch area index and shape index have certain coupling relation with each index of intensive use of cultivated land,while the correlation between patch dispersion index and intensive use index is not significant. 3)The coupling relationship between land fragmentation and intensive use of cultivated land is different across the regions. The intensive use of the mountainous areas in the south-west of Hubei Province is greatly influenced by the fragmentation, while the spatial coupling is not strong in Central Jianghan Plain. In conclusion, cultivated land in mountainous areas should be prevented from fragmentation, while Jianghan Plain area should be strictly controlled to prevent cultivated land abondent, so as to improve the degree of intensive use of cultivated land.
引文
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[22]许晓红.主要农作物播种面积、产量和单位面积产量(2014年)[Z].湖北调查年鉴,2015:48.
[23]许晓红.农村居民家庭人均纯收入(可支配收入)及构成[Z].湖北调查年鉴,2015:153.
[24]王祥喜.农业农村经济[Z].湖北年鉴,2015:86-103.
[25]孙雁,刘友兆.基于细碎化的土地资源可持续利用评价--以江西分宜县为例[J].自然资源学报,2010,25(5):802-810.
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[27]King R,Burton S.Land fragmentation:notes on fundamental rural social problem[J].Progress in Human Geography,1982,6(4):475-494.
[28]骆东奇,李乐,郭英,等.重庆市耕地集约利用评价及空间分异研究[J].地域研究与开发,2010,29(1):98-103.
[29]刘愿理,廖和平,杨伟,等.三峡库区耕地集约利用评价分析--以重庆市忠县为例[J].西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2014,(5):148-156.
[30]蒋修念.万州区耕地集约利用评价研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2014.
[31]王静,杨小唤,石瑞香.山东省人口空间分布格局的多尺度分析[J].地理科学进展,2012,31(2):176-182.
[2]朱会义,李秀彬,辛良杰.现阶段我国耕地利用集约度变化及其政策启示[J].自然资源学报,2007,22(6):907-915.
[3]杜国明,刘彦随.黑龙江省耕地集约利用评价及分区研究[J].资源科学,2013,35(3):554-560.
[4]吕晓,黄贤金,钟太洋,等.中国农地细碎化问题研究进展[J].自然资源学报,2011,26(3):530-540.
[5]陈瑜琦,李秀彬.1980年以来中国耕地利用集约度的结构特征[J].地理学报,2009,64(4):469-478.
[6]曾杰,姚小薇.武汉城市圈耕地集约利用时空分异特征[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(19):215-223.
[7]姚冠荣,刘桂英,谢花林.中国耕地利用投入要素集约度的时空差异及其影响因素分析[J].自然资源学报,2014,29(11):1836-1848.
[8]王国刚,刘彦随,陈秧分.中国省域耕地集约利用态势与驱动力分析[J].地理学报,2014,69(7):907-915.
[9]吕振宇,牛灵安,郝晋珉,等.基于层次分析法的耕地细碎化程度多指标综合评价研究[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(26):200-206.
[10]Falco S D,Penov I,Aleksiev A,et al.Agrobiodiversity,farm profits and land fragmentation:Evidence from Bulgaria[J].Land Use Policy,2010,27(3):763-771.
[11]刘七军,曲玮,李昭楠.耕地细碎化对干旱绿洲区作物生产和农户收入影响效应调查分析--以甘肃省民乐县为例[J].干旱地区农业研究,2011,29(3):191-198.
[12]李功奎.农地细碎化、劳动力利用与农民收入[D].南京:南京农业大学,2006.
[13]Sanzidur Rahman,Mizanur Rahman.Impact of land fragmentation and resource ownership on productivity and efficiency:the case of rice producers in Bangladesh[J].Land Use Policy,2009,26(1):95-103.
[14]Salvatore Di Falco,Ivan Penov,Aleksi Aleksiev,et al.Agrobiodiversity farm profits and land fragmentation:Evidence from Bulgaria[J].Land Use Policy,2010,(27):763-771.
[15]Hristov J.Assessment of the impact of high fragmented land upon the productivity and profitability of farms[EB/OL].http://stud.epsilon.slu.se/472/1/Hristov_J_010909.Pdf.2009.
[16]王秀清,苏旭霞.农用地细碎化对农业生产的影响--以山东省莱西市为例[J].农业技术经济,2002,(2):2-7.
[17]侯方安.耕地细碎化对农业机械化的影响研究[J].中国农机化,2009,(2):68-72.
[18]刘涛,曲福田,金晶,等.土地细碎化、土地流转对农户土地利用效率的影响[J].资源科学,2008,30(10):1511-1516.
[19]宋戈,李国凤,龙冬冬.基于粮食安全的黑龙江省垦区耕地集约利用定量分析--以宝泉岭垦区为例[J].农业现代化研究,2011,32(5):573-576.
[20]徐秀英,付双双,李晓格,等.林地细碎化、规模经济与竹林生产--以浙江龙游县为例[J].资源科学,2014,36(11):2379-2385.
[21]王祥喜.自然条件[Z].湖北年鉴,2015:42-43.
[22]许晓红.主要农作物播种面积、产量和单位面积产量(2014年)[Z].湖北调查年鉴,2015:48.
[23]许晓红.农村居民家庭人均纯收入(可支配收入)及构成[Z].湖北调查年鉴,2015:153.
[24]王祥喜.农业农村经济[Z].湖北年鉴,2015:86-103.
[25]孙雁,刘友兆.基于细碎化的土地资源可持续利用评价--以江西分宜县为例[J].自然资源学报,2010,25(5):802-810.
[26]Mc Pherson,M.F.Land fragmentation:a selected literature review[R].Development Discussion Papers,Harvard Institute for International Development,Harvard University,1982,(141):85.
[27]King R,Burton S.Land fragmentation:notes on fundamental rural social problem[J].Progress in Human Geography,1982,6(4):475-494.
[28]骆东奇,李乐,郭英,等.重庆市耕地集约利用评价及空间分异研究[J].地域研究与开发,2010,29(1):98-103.
[29]刘愿理,廖和平,杨伟,等.三峡库区耕地集约利用评价分析--以重庆市忠县为例[J].西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2014,(5):148-156.
[30]蒋修念.万州区耕地集约利用评价研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2014.
[31]王静,杨小唤,石瑞香.山东省人口空间分布格局的多尺度分析[J].地理科学进展,2012,31(2):176-182.