江苏省血吸虫病监测预警关键技术研究与集成示范II5%杀螺胺颗粒剂大现场示范灭螺效果
|
摘要
目的通过现场试验获得5%杀螺胺颗粒剂现场应用的技术指标,为血吸虫感染高危环境应急处置提供钉螺控制新技术。方法在扬州市邗江区(小现场)和仪征市(大现场)各选择1个环境进行5%杀螺胺颗粒剂喷撒灭螺试验,比较不同剂量、不同时间和是否环境清障条件下的杀螺效果。结果小现场试验显示,30、40、50 g/m25%杀螺胺颗粒剂喷撒1、3 d和7 d后,钉螺死亡率分别为54.55%、68.41%和73.45%,57.27%、68.59%和80.28%,63.49%、77.58%和85.55%;其中30 g/m2与40 g/m2剂量组在喷撒后1、3 d钉螺死亡率差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05),喷撒后7 d钉螺死亡率差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.549,P<0.05),40 g/m2与50 g/m2剂量组喷撒后1、3 d和7 d钉螺死亡率差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。大现场试验显示,未清障和清障环境采用40 g/m25%杀螺胺颗粒剂喷撒3、7 d和15 d后钉螺死亡率分别为85.29%、83.89%、83.41%和87.70%、91.02%、91.84%;清障组喷撒后3~15 d钉螺总体死亡率为90.02%,显著高于未清障组(84.28%)(χ2=9.950,P<0.05);清障与未清障组喷撒15 d后活螺密度分别由19.90只/0.1 m2和19.83只/0.1 m2下降至0.60只/0.1 m2和2.60只/0.1 m2,分别下降了96.98%和86.89%。结论 5%杀螺胺颗粒剂现场喷撒灭螺适宜剂量为40g/m2,对环境中高于50 cm的植被清障将提高灭螺效果。
Objective To evaluate the field molluscicidal effect of 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules,so as to provide a novel Oncomelania hupensis snail control approach for emergency treatment of high-risk settings. Methods Snail control tests with spraying of 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules were conducted in two settings of 2 counties,and the dose-,time- and setting-specific field molluscicidal effects were tested. Results In the small-scale setting,spraying of 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules at doses of 30,40 and 50 g/m2 resulted in 54.55%,68.41% and 73.45% 1-day snail mortality,57.27%,68.59% and 80.28% 3-day snail mortality,and 63.49%,77.58% and 85.55% 7-day snail mortality,respectively,and no significant differences were detected in 1- and 3-day snail mortality caused by spraying of 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules at doses of 30 and 40 g/m2(all P > 0.05),while significant difference was found in the 7-day snail mortality( χ2 = 4.549,P < 0.05). In addition,spraying of 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules at doses of 40 and 50 g/m2 resulted in comparable 1-,3- and 7-day snail mortality(all P > 0.05). In the large-scale setting,spraying of 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules at a dose of 40 g/m2 resulted in 85.29% and 87.70% 3-day snail mortality,83.89% and 91.02% 7-day snail mortality,and 83.41% and 91.84% 15-day snail mortality in the environment-cleaning group and non-cleaning group,respectively. The overall snail mortality was 90.02% in the environment-cleaning group 3 to 15 days after spraying,which was significantly higher than that(84.28%)in the non-cleaning group( χ2 = 9.950,P < 0.05). After 15 days of spraying with 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules at a dose of 40 g/m2,the densities of living snails reduced from 19.90 and 19.83 snails/0.1m2 to 0.60 and 2.60 snails/0.1 m2 in the environment-cleaning group and non-cleaning group,with 96.98% and 86.89% reductions,respectively. Conclusion The appropriate dose of 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules is 40 g/m2 for snail control in the field,and environment cleaning of vegetation with a height of more than 50 cm may improve the molluscicidal efficacy.
Objective To evaluate the field molluscicidal effect of 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules,so as to provide a novel Oncomelania hupensis snail control approach for emergency treatment of high-risk settings. Methods Snail control tests with spraying of 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules were conducted in two settings of 2 counties,and the dose-,time- and setting-specific field molluscicidal effects were tested. Results In the small-scale setting,spraying of 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules at doses of 30,40 and 50 g/m2 resulted in 54.55%,68.41% and 73.45% 1-day snail mortality,57.27%,68.59% and 80.28% 3-day snail mortality,and 63.49%,77.58% and 85.55% 7-day snail mortality,respectively,and no significant differences were detected in 1- and 3-day snail mortality caused by spraying of 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules at doses of 30 and 40 g/m2(all P > 0.05),while significant difference was found in the 7-day snail mortality( χ2 = 4.549,P < 0.05). In addition,spraying of 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules at doses of 40 and 50 g/m2 resulted in comparable 1-,3- and 7-day snail mortality(all P > 0.05). In the large-scale setting,spraying of 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules at a dose of 40 g/m2 resulted in 85.29% and 87.70% 3-day snail mortality,83.89% and 91.02% 7-day snail mortality,and 83.41% and 91.84% 15-day snail mortality in the environment-cleaning group and non-cleaning group,respectively. The overall snail mortality was 90.02% in the environment-cleaning group 3 to 15 days after spraying,which was significantly higher than that(84.28%)in the non-cleaning group( χ2 = 9.950,P < 0.05). After 15 days of spraying with 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules at a dose of 40 g/m2,the densities of living snails reduced from 19.90 and 19.83 snails/0.1m2 to 0.60 and 2.60 snails/0.1 m2 in the environment-cleaning group and non-cleaning group,with 96.98% and 86.89% reductions,respectively. Conclusion The appropriate dose of 5% niclosamide ethanolamine granules is 40 g/m2 for snail control in the field,and environment cleaning of vegetation with a height of more than 50 cm may improve the molluscicidal efficacy.
引文
[1]王陇德.血吸虫病防治新策略的研究[J].中国工程科学,2009,11(5):37-43.
[2]汪天平,操治国,陈红根,等.实现防治策略转变加快血防工作进程[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2009,21(4):241-242.
[3]孙乐平,田增喜,杨坤,等.江苏省重点地域综合治理控制血吸虫病策略及其效果[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2011,23(6):626-633.
[4]雷正龙,郑浩,张利娟,等.2013年全国血吸虫病疫情通报[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2014,26(6):591-597.
[5]周晓农,林丹丹,汪天平,等.我国“十二五”期间血吸虫病防治策略与工作重点[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2011,23(1):1-4.
[6]周晓农,姜庆五,郭家刚,等.我国血吸虫病传播阻断实现路径的探讨[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2012,24(1):1-4.
[7]周晓农,汪天平,林丹丹,等.控制和消除血吸虫病标准制定的一组实证:回顾性调查的作用[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2014,26(5):479-481.
[8]陈昌.我国的杀螺剂及其应用[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2003,15(5):321-322.
[9]刘颖芳,彭宇,刘凤想,等.中国灭螺技术的研究进展[J].四川动物,2005,24(4):651-654.
[10]汪天平,操治国,林丹丹,等.“十二五”期间我国血吸虫病科学研究重点和方向[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2011,23(2):111-113.
[11]贾悦,戴建荣.氯硝柳胺的环境行为研究进展[J].中国人兽共患病学报,2013,29(12):1203-1207.
[12]Dai JR,Li YZ,Wang W,et al.Resistance to niclosamide in Oncomelania hupensis,the intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum:should we be worried?[J].Parasitology,2015,142(2):332-340.
[13]邢云天,戴建荣,戴洋,等.5%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐颗粒剂的制备及其杀螺效果[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2013,25(5):473-476.
[14]吴荣凤,肖敏,戴建荣.5%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐颗粒剂江滩现场灭螺效果[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2013,25(5):573-574.
[15]郑江.我国血吸虫病防治的成就及面临的问题[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2009,27(5):398-401.
[16]梁幼生,黄轶昕,洪青标,等.江苏省实现血吸虫病传播控制的新策略与新技术[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2012,24(2):119-122.
[17]雷正龙,周晓农.消除血吸虫病——我国血吸虫病防治工作的新目标与新任务[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2015,27(1):1-4.
[18]Sun LP,Liang YS,Wu HH,et al.A Google Earth-based surveillance system for schistosomiasis japonica implemented in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River,China[J].Parasit Vectors,2011,4:223.
[19]孙乐平,梁幼生,吴红辉,等.江苏省血吸虫病防治重点村综合治理效果评价[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2009,21(4):285-289.
[20]冯锡光,李炳桂,李文豹,等.5%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐颗粒剂云南山区现场杀螺效果[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2015,27(2):129-133.
[21]李华忠.论药物灭螺引入市场机制[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2009,21(2):81-82.
[22]高扬,孙乐平,左引萍,等.药物灭螺工程化管理模式及其现场应用评价[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2012,24(4):376-381.
[2]汪天平,操治国,陈红根,等.实现防治策略转变加快血防工作进程[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2009,21(4):241-242.
[3]孙乐平,田增喜,杨坤,等.江苏省重点地域综合治理控制血吸虫病策略及其效果[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2011,23(6):626-633.
[4]雷正龙,郑浩,张利娟,等.2013年全国血吸虫病疫情通报[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2014,26(6):591-597.
[5]周晓农,林丹丹,汪天平,等.我国“十二五”期间血吸虫病防治策略与工作重点[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2011,23(1):1-4.
[6]周晓农,姜庆五,郭家刚,等.我国血吸虫病传播阻断实现路径的探讨[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2012,24(1):1-4.
[7]周晓农,汪天平,林丹丹,等.控制和消除血吸虫病标准制定的一组实证:回顾性调查的作用[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2014,26(5):479-481.
[8]陈昌.我国的杀螺剂及其应用[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2003,15(5):321-322.
[9]刘颖芳,彭宇,刘凤想,等.中国灭螺技术的研究进展[J].四川动物,2005,24(4):651-654.
[10]汪天平,操治国,林丹丹,等.“十二五”期间我国血吸虫病科学研究重点和方向[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2011,23(2):111-113.
[11]贾悦,戴建荣.氯硝柳胺的环境行为研究进展[J].中国人兽共患病学报,2013,29(12):1203-1207.
[12]Dai JR,Li YZ,Wang W,et al.Resistance to niclosamide in Oncomelania hupensis,the intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum:should we be worried?[J].Parasitology,2015,142(2):332-340.
[13]邢云天,戴建荣,戴洋,等.5%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐颗粒剂的制备及其杀螺效果[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2013,25(5):473-476.
[14]吴荣凤,肖敏,戴建荣.5%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐颗粒剂江滩现场灭螺效果[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2013,25(5):573-574.
[15]郑江.我国血吸虫病防治的成就及面临的问题[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2009,27(5):398-401.
[16]梁幼生,黄轶昕,洪青标,等.江苏省实现血吸虫病传播控制的新策略与新技术[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2012,24(2):119-122.
[17]雷正龙,周晓农.消除血吸虫病——我国血吸虫病防治工作的新目标与新任务[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2015,27(1):1-4.
[18]Sun LP,Liang YS,Wu HH,et al.A Google Earth-based surveillance system for schistosomiasis japonica implemented in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River,China[J].Parasit Vectors,2011,4:223.
[19]孙乐平,梁幼生,吴红辉,等.江苏省血吸虫病防治重点村综合治理效果评价[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2009,21(4):285-289.
[20]冯锡光,李炳桂,李文豹,等.5%杀螺胺乙醇胺盐颗粒剂云南山区现场杀螺效果[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2015,27(2):129-133.
[21]李华忠.论药物灭螺引入市场机制[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2009,21(2):81-82.
[22]高扬,孙乐平,左引萍,等.药物灭螺工程化管理模式及其现场应用评价[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2012,24(4):376-381.