Galileo/GPS卫星导航模拟源的FPGA算法设计与实现
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摘要
Galileo卫星导航系统各频段信号中引入了多种新兴调制方式,是新一代卫星导航系统典型代表。目前可见星数量有限,给深入探索带来了一些困难,故采用"上位机+FPGA+DSP"架构设计实现了Galileo+GPS卫星导航信号模拟源,着重研究卫星导航模拟源FPGA端的算法,完成了多普勒频移模拟、副载波生成、偏置载波调制、伪距信号生成的工作,解决了各模块信号对齐的关键技术,产生了Galileo E1 OS和GPS L1 C/A中频信号。利用硬件接收机对生成的信号进行接收验证,实验结果表明,接收机能正确捕获跟踪定位,定位坐标与预设坐标相符,证明了仿真信号的正确性。
Various new modulation modes have been introduced into the signals with different frequency bands of Galileo satellite navigation system, which is a typical representative of the new generation satellite navigation system. The limited number of visible Galileo satellites has brought some difficulties to further exploration. In this paper, a Galileo+GPS satellite navigation signal simulator is designed and implemented based on the architecture of "PC+FPGA+DSP". The algorithm of FPGA in satellite navigation signal simulator is mainly studied, doppler frequency shift simulation, subcarrier generation, offset carrier modulation and pseudo range signal generation are completed, key technology of signal alignment of all modules is solved,and the intermediate frequency signals of Galileo E1 OS and GPS L1 C/A are generated. The hardware receiver is used to receive and verify the generated signal, the results of experiments show that the receiver can correctly capture, track and fix positions, and the location coordinates are consistent with the preset coordinates, which prove the correctness of the simulation signal.
Various new modulation modes have been introduced into the signals with different frequency bands of Galileo satellite navigation system, which is a typical representative of the new generation satellite navigation system. The limited number of visible Galileo satellites has brought some difficulties to further exploration. In this paper, a Galileo+GPS satellite navigation signal simulator is designed and implemented based on the architecture of "PC+FPGA+DSP". The algorithm of FPGA in satellite navigation signal simulator is mainly studied, doppler frequency shift simulation, subcarrier generation, offset carrier modulation and pseudo range signal generation are completed, key technology of signal alignment of all modules is solved,and the intermediate frequency signals of Galileo E1 OS and GPS L1 C/A are generated. The hardware receiver is used to receive and verify the generated signal, the results of experiments show that the receiver can correctly capture, track and fix positions, and the location coordinates are consistent with the preset coordinates, which prove the correctness of the simulation signal.
引文
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[14] 王海峰,张升康,王宏博,等.高动态GPS/BD2组合导航信号模拟器关键技术研究[J].宇航计测技术,2013,33(3):17-22.
[15] 田方礼,董立桥.Galileo E1卫星信号产生设计与实现[C].第四届中国卫星导航学术年会论文集-S6 北斗/GNSS测试评估技术,2013:107-111.
[16] 杜蒙,宋茂忠,熊骏.基于矢量信号发生器的Galileo E1信号模拟与验证[J].电子科技,2018,31(6):43-47.
[17] 陈婧亚,许龙霞,李孝辉.接收机位置误差对GNSS定时的影响分析[J].仪器仪表学报,2017,38(6):1458-1465.
[2] GHANEM N,BERJASS H.A method to simulate realistic kinematic trajectories on GNSS signal generators[C]. Proceedings of the ION 2015 Pacific PNT Meeting, Hawaii, 2015:872-885.
[3] 杨耀.单通道GPS卫星实时信号模拟源的设计与实现[D].厦门:厦门大学,2013.
[4] 邵晓刚.GPS/北斗卫星导航模拟源的FPGA算法设计与实现[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2016.
[5] 史雨薇.Galileo E1信号性能分析与软件模拟源的设计[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012.
[6] 谢钢.全球导航卫星系统原理——GPS、格洛纳斯和伽利略系统[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2013.
[7] 王晓宇.Galileo卫星导航系统中频信号仿真技术研究[D].北京:北京理工大学,2015.
[8] European Union. The European GNSS (Galileo) Open Service Signal in Space Interface Control Document[S].2015.
[9] 胡辉,杨国艺,朱绍文.基于DSP和FPGA的多通道GPS中频信号源设计与实现[J].中国测试,2016,42(11):100-106,144.
[10] 李芮,李晓,王志斌,等.基于SRAM乒乓操作的数据采集系统的设计[J].济南大学学报(自然科学版),2015,29(2):120-124.
[11] 吴厚航.深入浅出玩转 FPGA[M].第2版.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2013:52.
[12] LIU C, JI J, QI A, et al. Design of direct digital synthesizer based on FPGA[J]. Advanced Material Research, 2013, 748: 829-832.
[13] GUO W, YAN K, ZHANG H, et al. Double stage NCO-based carrier tracking loop in GNSS receivers for city environmental applications[J].IEEE Communications Letters, 2014, 18(10):1747-1750.
[14] 王海峰,张升康,王宏博,等.高动态GPS/BD2组合导航信号模拟器关键技术研究[J].宇航计测技术,2013,33(3):17-22.
[15] 田方礼,董立桥.Galileo E1卫星信号产生设计与实现[C].第四届中国卫星导航学术年会论文集-S6 北斗/GNSS测试评估技术,2013:107-111.
[16] 杜蒙,宋茂忠,熊骏.基于矢量信号发生器的Galileo E1信号模拟与验证[J].电子科技,2018,31(6):43-47.
[17] 陈婧亚,许龙霞,李孝辉.接收机位置误差对GNSS定时的影响分析[J].仪器仪表学报,2017,38(6):1458-1465.