ZL114A铝硅合金微观疏松的HIP工艺处理
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摘要
采用光学显微镜OM、扫描电镜SEM、WDW-100 KN万能拉伸试验机、PLA30050疲劳试验机,结合三因素三水平正交试验,研究了不同等级微观疏松冶金缺陷经热等静压处理(HIP)工艺处理后的微观组织与力学性能。结果表明,HIP工艺处理温度对Q值(合金材料综合性能数值)影响最高,其次为HIP压力与时间。ZL114A合金Ⅲ级微观疏松冶金缺陷经540℃与140 MPa下HIP处理4 h后,合金材料的抗拉强度、屈服强度、延伸率、布氏硬度与轴向疲劳寿命分别增至340 MPa、280 MPa、8%、125HBS和4.1×105,综合力学性能Q值达到475.45。综合工艺成本与使用效果考虑,ZL114A合金优先选用540℃、140 MPa与2 h的HIP工艺参数。相同HIP工艺参数下,与Ⅲ级微观疏松冶金缺项相比,Ⅰ级与Ⅱ级微观疏松冶金缺陷区域经HIP处理后的Q值分别提升5.1%与2.4%;Ⅳ级与Ⅴ级微观疏松冶金缺陷区域分别降低15.98%和25.61%。
The microstructure and mechanical properties of different grades of micro-porosity are studied by optical microscope, scanning electron microscopy, WDW-100 KN universal tensile testing machine, and PLA30050 fatigue testing machine, together with the orthogonal test with three factors and levels. The results show that the most important impact parameter on the HIP process is temperature, followed by pressure and time. The tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, Brinell hardness, axial fatigue life and Q value of ZL114 A alloy within the micro-porosity of grade III are increased to 340 MPa, 280 MPa, 8%, 125 HBS, 4.1×105and 475.45, respectively after the HIP process under 540℃, 140 MPa and 4 h conditions. Cconsidering both the process cost and effect, the optimal parameters of HIP process are 540℃,140 MPa and 2 h. Compared with the micro-porosity of grade III, the Q values of grade I and grade II are increased by 5.1% and 2.4%,respectively after the HIP process, whereas the Q values of grades IV and V are decreased by 15.98% and 25.61%, respectively.
The microstructure and mechanical properties of different grades of micro-porosity are studied by optical microscope, scanning electron microscopy, WDW-100 KN universal tensile testing machine, and PLA30050 fatigue testing machine, together with the orthogonal test with three factors and levels. The results show that the most important impact parameter on the HIP process is temperature, followed by pressure and time. The tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, Brinell hardness, axial fatigue life and Q value of ZL114 A alloy within the micro-porosity of grade III are increased to 340 MPa, 280 MPa, 8%, 125 HBS, 4.1×105and 475.45, respectively after the HIP process under 540℃, 140 MPa and 4 h conditions. Cconsidering both the process cost and effect, the optimal parameters of HIP process are 540℃,140 MPa and 2 h. Compared with the micro-porosity of grade III, the Q values of grade I and grade II are increased by 5.1% and 2.4%,respectively after the HIP process, whereas the Q values of grades IV and V are decreased by 15.98% and 25.61%, respectively.
引文
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[21]张庆云,陈俐,陆业航,等.热等静压工艺对铝合金激光焊接T型接头组织及缺陷的影响[J].理化检验(物理分册),2014,50(2):111-115.Zhang Qingyun,Chen Li,Lu Yehang,et al.Influences of hot isostatic pressing technology on microstructure and defects of laser beam welded aluminium alloy T-joints[J].Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis(Part A:Physical Testing),2014,50(2):111-115.
[2]熊艳才.精密铸造技术在航空工业中的应用和发展[J].航空制造技术,2008,22:32-35.Xiong Yancai.Application and development of precision casting technology in aviation industry[J].Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology,2008,22:32-35.
[3]Liu G C,Shi Y S,Wei Q S,et al.Finite element analysis of pressure influence on densification of titanium alloy powder under hot isostatic pressing[J].Key Engineering Materials,2011,450:206-209.
[4]Liu G C,Shi Y S,Wei Q S,et al.Numerical investigation into movement behavior of metal powder during hot isostatic pressing[J].Materials Science Forum,2011,675/677:913-916.
[5]Wang F,Wu X H,Clark D.On direct laser deposited Hastelloy X:Dimension,surface finish,microstructure and properties[J].Materials Science and Technologu,2011,27(1):344-356.
[6]Yuan W X,Mei J,Samarov V.Computer modelling and tooling design for near net shaped components using hot isostatic pressing[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2007,182(1/3):39-49.
[7]Tan L J,Zabaras N.A thermo-mechanical study of the effects of mold topography on the solidification of aluminum alloys[J].Materials Science and Engineering A[J],2005,404:197-207.
[8]隋泳恩,谭朝鑫,张会国.热等静压及后续热处理对铸造铝合金叶片力学性能的影响[J].铸造,2000,49(4):194-197.Sui Yongen,Tan Chaoxin,Zhang Huiguo.Effect of HIP and its post treatment on the performance of mechanics of cast aluminum alloy blades[J].Foundry,2000,49(4):194-197.
[9]谌启明,杨靖,单先裕,等.热等静压技术的发展及应用[J].稀有金属与硬质合金,2003,31(2):33-38.Shen Qiming,Yang Jing,Shan Xianyu.Development and application of HIP technology[J].Rare metals and cemented carbides,2003,31(2):33-38.
[10]Xue P J,Wu Y,Wei Q S,et al.Hot isostatic pressing of Ti6Al4Valloys monolithic bladeed disks[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2014,496-500(2):279-283.
[11]叶呈武,王亮,张旭虎,等.钛合金HIP近净成形技术在航天上的应用[J].材料导报,2012,26(12):112-114.Ye Chengwu,Wang Liang,Zhang Xuhu,et al.Application of HIPprocess in the aeronautical of titanium alloy[J].Materials Review,2012,26(12):112-114.
[12]詹志洪.热等静压技术和设备的应用与发展[J].中国钨业,2005,20(1):44-46.Zhan Zhihong.Application and development of hot isostatic pressing technology and apparatus[J].China Tungsten Industry,2005,20(1):44-46.
[13]喻思,郎利辉,王刚,等.2A12铝合金粉末热等静压成形的性能研究[J].粉末冶金工业,2015,25(5):42-46.Yu Si,Lang Lihui,Wang Gang,et al.Study on the properties of 2A12aluminum alloy poeder prepared by hot isostatic pressing[J].Powder Metallurcy Industry,2015,25(5):42-46.
[14]Mashl S J.Combining aluminum heat treat with hot isostatic pressing:A comparison of structure,properties,and processing routes for a cast Al-Si-Mg alloy[J].Transactions of Materials and Treatment,2004,25(5):546-551.
[15]王晓林,赵志龙,张延生,等.TC10合金铸造缺陷在热等静压条件下的弥合机理初探[J].铸造,2011,60(8):731-734.Wang Xiaolin,Zhao Zhilong,Zhang Yansheng,et al.Discussion on closing mechanism of TC10 alloy casting defects under HIP[J].Foundry,2011,60(8):731-734.
[16]郎利辉,王刚,黄西娜,等.包套在铝合金粉末热等静压成形中的屏蔽效应及其对性能的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2016,26(2):261-271.Lang Lihui,Wang Gang,Huang Xina,et al.Shielding effect of capsules and its impact on mechanical properties of P/M aluminium alloys fabricated by hot isostatic pressing[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2016,26(2):261-271.
[17]郎利辉,王刚,黄西娜,等.粉末粒度对热等静压法制备2A12铝合金组织与性能的影响[J].粉末冶金材料科学与工程,2016,21(1):85-94.Lang Lihui,Wang Gang,Huang Xina,et al.Effect of powder size on microstructure and properties of 2A12 aluminium alloy prepared by hot isostatic pressing[J].Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy,2016,21(1):85-94.
[18]龚怡,朱守星,张少宗.热等静压对ZL111-T6铝合金叶轮组织和性能的影响[J].理化检验(物理分册),2011,47(6):333-336.Gong Yi,Zhu Shouxing,Zhang Shaozong.Effects of hot isostatic pressing on microstructure and properties of ZL111-T6 aluminum alloy wheels[J].Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis(Part A:Physical Testing),2011,47(6):333-336.
[19]杜旭初,洪润洲,杨守杰,等.热等静压对铝合金铸件组织和性能的影响[J].轻合金加工技术,2016,44(6):55-59.Du Xuchu,Hong Runzhou,Yang Shoujie,et al.Effects of HIP on microstructure and properties of aluminum alloy castings[J].Light Alloy Fabrication Technology,2016,44(6):55-59.
[20]郎利辉,王刚,布国亮,等.热等静压工艺参数对2A12粉末铝合金性能的影响研究[J].粉末冶金工业,2014,24(5):19-23.Lang Lihui,Wang Gang,Bu Guoliang,et al.Study on the effect of hot isostatic pressing process parameters on the properties of 2A12aluminum alloy powder[J].Powder Metallurgy Industry,2014,24(5):19-23.
[21]张庆云,陈俐,陆业航,等.热等静压工艺对铝合金激光焊接T型接头组织及缺陷的影响[J].理化检验(物理分册),2014,50(2):111-115.Zhang Qingyun,Chen Li,Lu Yehang,et al.Influences of hot isostatic pressing technology on microstructure and defects of laser beam welded aluminium alloy T-joints[J].Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis(Part A:Physical Testing),2014,50(2):111-115.