光强衰减对豫西烟区烟叶色素降解及品质特征的影响
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摘要
为研究光强衰减对豫西烟区烤烟色素降解及品质特征的影响,以云烟87为材料设计5种光照强度水平(100%、80%、60%、40%、20%)的大田试验。结果表明:质体色素残留量在80%光强处理条件下与自然光强差别不大,光强继续降低色素残留量显著升高;类胡萝卜素降解产物总量变化趋势与叶绿素降解产物新植二烯含量一致,均为随光照强度的降低而减少。经遮光处理,在80%光强以下,烤烟品质特征显著下降。可见不低于80%光照强度最有利于优质烟叶的生产。
In order to study the effects on pigment degradation and quality in Western Henan under the light attenuation, A field experiment was conducted under different light intensities(100%, 80%, 60%, 40% and 20% of full natural sunlight), with flue-cured tobacco variety yunyan 87 as material. The results indicated that the residual quantity of plastid pigment was same to 100% light intensity under the condition of 80%, then increased significantly along with the decrease of light intensity when the light intensity continued decreasing; the contents of chlorophyll degradation product neophytadiene and carotenoid degradation products all decreased along with the decreased of light intensity. When light intensity was below 80% of full natural sunlight, quality of flue-cured tobacco decreased significantly. It is concluded that not less than 80% light intensity is best for the improvement of characteristics of tobacco leaves.
In order to study the effects on pigment degradation and quality in Western Henan under the light attenuation, A field experiment was conducted under different light intensities(100%, 80%, 60%, 40% and 20% of full natural sunlight), with flue-cured tobacco variety yunyan 87 as material. The results indicated that the residual quantity of plastid pigment was same to 100% light intensity under the condition of 80%, then increased significantly along with the decrease of light intensity when the light intensity continued decreasing; the contents of chlorophyll degradation product neophytadiene and carotenoid degradation products all decreased along with the decreased of light intensity. When light intensity was below 80% of full natural sunlight, quality of flue-cured tobacco decreased significantly. It is concluded that not less than 80% light intensity is best for the improvement of characteristics of tobacco leaves.
引文
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[2]吴能表,谈锋,肖文娟,等.光强因子对少花桂幼苗形态和生理指标及精油含量的影响[J].生态学报,2005,25(5):1159-1164.
[3]云菲,刘国顺,史宏志,等.光氮互作对烤烟叶片光合色素及荧光特性的影响[J].中国烟草学报,2010,16(4):44-50.
[4]Del Castillow.ChemicaI composition of tobacco in reIaIion to organoleptic properties[J].Corcsta,1987(3):19.
[5]姚益群,谢金伦,郭其菲,等.云南烟草香气研究[J].烟草科技,1988(4):24-27.
[6]史宏志,刘国顺.烟草香味学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2011.
[7]Weeks W W,Sisson V A,Chaplin J F.Differences in aroma,chemistry,solubilities,and smoking quality of cured flue-cured tobaccos with aglandular and glandular trichomes[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,1992,40(10).
[8]王允白,王宝华,郭承芳,等.影响烤烟评吸质量的主要化学成分研究[J].中国农业科学,1998,31(1):89-91.
[9]黄俊,郭世荣,吴震,等.弱光对不结球白菜光合特性与叶绿体超威结构的影响[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(2):352-358.
[10]韦凤杰,刘国顺,杨永峰,等.烤烟成熟过程中类胡萝卜素变化与其降解香气物质关系[J].中国农业科学,2005,38(9):1882-1889.
[11]刘文海,高东升,束怀瑞.不同光强处理对设施桃树光合及荧光特性的影响[J].中国农业科学,2006,39(10):2069-2075.
[12]王红丽,陈永明,杨军杰,等.遮光对广东浓香型烤烟色素降解产物及质量风格的影响[J].江西农业学报,2015,27(3):70-73.
[13]叶协锋.河南省烟草种植生态适宜性区划研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2011.
[14]王志平,张燕燕,效文娟,等.2007年三门峡烟草病虫害气象条件分析[J].气象与环境科学,2009,32(S1):236-238.
[15]邵惠芳,郑聪,许自成,等.三门峡烟区烤烟气候适生性评价及与国外烟区的相似性分析[J].西南农业学报,2011,24(1):34-37.
[16]祖艳青.河南省烟草赤星病菌及内生链格孢的鉴定和遗传多样性研究[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2013.
[17]邵惠芳,郑聪,许自成,等.三门峡烟区土壤养分状况的综合评价[J].西南农业学报,2009,22(4):1011-1015.
[18]乔红波,张慧,高瑞,等.三门峡烟区土壤p H时空变异特征[J].中国烟草科学,2010,31(4):48-51.
[19]邹琦.植物生理生化实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1995.
[20]邸慧慧,史宏志,张国显,等.浓香型烤烟叶片单叶重与中性香气成分含量的关系研究[J].中国烟草学报,2011,17(1):14-18.
[21]胡建军,周冀衡,李文伟,等.烤烟香味成分与其感官质量的典型相关分析[J].烟草科技,2007(3):9-15,22.
[22]王树声.烟叶色素与化学成分及评吸结果的相关分析[J].中国烟草,1990(4):21-24.