我国蛋白质生物化学与基因组的研究近况
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摘要
自20世纪90年代早期迄今,随着生命科学的飞速进展,我国在蛋白质生物化学与基因组研究领域取得了一些令人注目的成果,其中少数具有突破性意义。在蛋白质生物化学研究方面,蛋白质组技术获得重大改进,多反应监测(multiple monitoring-base multiplexed absolute quantitation,MRM)质谱可同时对几百个蛋白质进行靶标式分析,极大地促进了疾病标志物的鉴定。质谱法已成为群体蛋白质组学(population proteomics)研究靶向鉴定的优选途径。在世界上首次阐明了人源γ-分泌酶复合物(γ-secretase complex,γ-SSC)和人源葡萄糖转运蛋白1(glucose transporter 1,GLUT 1)的三维结构。虎纹捕鸟蛛毒素-Ⅰ(Huwentoxin-Ⅰ,HWTX-Ⅰ)结构-功能的系统研究,华南三地区人血型糖蛋白变种的筛查和鉴定,皆显现了重要进展。对某些蛋白质与朊病毒病、阿尔茨海默病、冠心病、肝病和衰老等的密切关系,开拓了新的探索;在基因组研究方面,如期完成我国承担的1%"人类基因组计划",开展了我国一些生物种属的基因组分析,包括栽培最广泛的亚种Indica稻米、棉花、海南袖珍猪和山西白猪、中国旱獭3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase,GAPDH)的部分互补脱氧核糖核酸(complementary deoxyribonucleic acid,c DNA)等。用4种小分子化学物质,从小鼠皮肤细胞成功创建诱导型多能干细胞(induced pluripotent stem cells,i PSC),操作简化,安全性强,颇有创新。此外,对阐明某些基因与心脑血管病、高血压、全身性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)、肺腺癌、人巨细胞病毒(human cytomegalovirus,HCMV)感染以及某些类型白血病等的关联,也进行了有益的探讨。
Since the early period of 1990's till now, accompanying the rapid advances of life sciences, several remarkable achievements were obtained in the field of Chinese protein biochemistry and genome researches, a few of which belonged to a breaking through character. On the aspect of protein biochemistry research,great improvement of proteome quantitative techniques enabled simultaneous target analysis of some hun-dreds of protein samples by MRM spectrometry. Thus mass spectrometry becomes an excellent measure for identification of disease biomarkers in population proteomics. The 3-dimensional structures of human γ-secretase complex(γ-SSC) and glucose transporter-1(GLUT1) were elucidated foremost in the world. Important progresses were also achieved in the systemic structure-function study of Huwentoxin(HWTX-Ⅰ) isolated from the venom of a Chinese spider Selenocosmia huwena Wang as well as a general survey and appraisal of glycophorin variants conducted in 3 districts of Southern China. New approaches were exerted to the close relationship among some proteins and prion disease, Alzheimer's disease, coronary heart disease, liver disease and senescence. In addition, on the aspect of genome research, 1%"Human Genome Mapping Project"undertaken by a group of Chinese scientists has been fulfilled in time. Genomic analyses of several biological species in China were carried out, including the most widely cultivated subspecies ssp. Indica rice, cotton, mini pig from Hainan Island and white pig from Shanxi Province, and partial c DNA of Chinese marmot.Successful creative harvest of induced pluripotent stem cells(i PSC) by 4 small molecular chemicals showed the advantage of simpler operation and safety. Moreover, beneficial exploration of influencing relations among certain genomes and cardio-mental-vascular diseases, essential hypertension, systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE), pulmonary adenocarcinoma, human cytomegalovirus(HCMV) infection and certain types of leukemia were also investigated.
Since the early period of 1990's till now, accompanying the rapid advances of life sciences, several remarkable achievements were obtained in the field of Chinese protein biochemistry and genome researches, a few of which belonged to a breaking through character. On the aspect of protein biochemistry research,great improvement of proteome quantitative techniques enabled simultaneous target analysis of some hun-dreds of protein samples by MRM spectrometry. Thus mass spectrometry becomes an excellent measure for identification of disease biomarkers in population proteomics. The 3-dimensional structures of human γ-secretase complex(γ-SSC) and glucose transporter-1(GLUT1) were elucidated foremost in the world. Important progresses were also achieved in the systemic structure-function study of Huwentoxin(HWTX-Ⅰ) isolated from the venom of a Chinese spider Selenocosmia huwena Wang as well as a general survey and appraisal of glycophorin variants conducted in 3 districts of Southern China. New approaches were exerted to the close relationship among some proteins and prion disease, Alzheimer's disease, coronary heart disease, liver disease and senescence. In addition, on the aspect of genome research, 1%"Human Genome Mapping Project"undertaken by a group of Chinese scientists has been fulfilled in time. Genomic analyses of several biological species in China were carried out, including the most widely cultivated subspecies ssp. Indica rice, cotton, mini pig from Hainan Island and white pig from Shanxi Province, and partial c DNA of Chinese marmot.Successful creative harvest of induced pluripotent stem cells(i PSC) by 4 small molecular chemicals showed the advantage of simpler operation and safety. Moreover, beneficial exploration of influencing relations among certain genomes and cardio-mental-vascular diseases, essential hypertension, systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE), pulmonary adenocarcinoma, human cytomegalovirus(HCMV) infection and certain types of leukemia were also investigated.
引文
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1刘斯奇,孙海丹。个人通讯。2014,Jun 30。
1 :刘斯奇,孙海丹。个人通讯。2014,Jun 30。
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1刘斯奇,孙海丹。个人通讯。2014,Jun 30。
1 :刘斯奇,孙海丹。个人通讯。2014,Jun 30。