单层钎焊金刚石砂轮表面磨粒全场快速测量
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摘要
为了快速获取单层钎焊金刚石砂轮表面全场磨粒的二维分布信息,提出了一种基于线阵相机的快速测量方法。对检测系统的原理、清晰无运动失真图像的获取、图像处理关键算法等进行研究。首先给出了检测系统的硬件构成与检测系统的工作原理;使用8方向模板的Sobel算子和标准件,完成相机对焦和运动失真图像矫正,然后对预处理的图像采用改进的阈值分割法Otsu算子对图像进行分割,最后实现了磨粒坐标及等效面积等二维特征量的提取。对磨粒有序排布的单层钎焊砂轮(粒度号35/40)进行测量实验,实验结果表明,系统从拍摄砂轮全场磨粒图像到获取磨粒坐标及等效面积所用的时间为77.4 s,可满足对单层钎焊砂轮的全场磨粒快速测量的要求。
In order to quickly obtain the two-dimensional distributions of full-field abrasive grains on grinding wheel, a rapid inspection system was established based on a linear array camera.The principles of the inspection system, the acquisition of clear picture without motion distortion and key algorithms of the image processing were studied.First, the hardware structure and the working principles of the inspection system were analyzed.Then, the Sobel operator of the eight-direction template and standard parts were used to complete the camera focusing and motion distortion image rectification.Then, the image was pretreated and the image after pretreatment was segmented by improved Otsu operator.Finally,the real coordinates and equivalent area of each abrasive grain was extracted.The experiments for a grain distributed single layer brazed diamond grinding wheel(grain number 35/40) show that totally 77.4 seconds are needed for full-field pictures capturing and grain coordinates and areas extracting, which meets the fast inspection requirements of single layer brazed diamond grinding wheel.
In order to quickly obtain the two-dimensional distributions of full-field abrasive grains on grinding wheel, a rapid inspection system was established based on a linear array camera.The principles of the inspection system, the acquisition of clear picture without motion distortion and key algorithms of the image processing were studied.First, the hardware structure and the working principles of the inspection system were analyzed.Then, the Sobel operator of the eight-direction template and standard parts were used to complete the camera focusing and motion distortion image rectification.Then, the image was pretreated and the image after pretreatment was segmented by improved Otsu operator.Finally,the real coordinates and equivalent area of each abrasive grain was extracted.The experiments for a grain distributed single layer brazed diamond grinding wheel(grain number 35/40) show that totally 77.4 seconds are needed for full-field pictures capturing and grain coordinates and areas extracting, which meets the fast inspection requirements of single layer brazed diamond grinding wheel.
引文
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[14] 钱青,臧冬菊.一种改进的Sobel算子图像清晰度评价函数[J].计算机与数字工程,2015(10):1865-1870.QIAN Qing,ZANG Dongju.A Modified Sharpness-evaluation Function of Image Based on Sobel[J].Computer & Digital Engineering,2015(10):1865-1870.
[15] 袁小翠,吴禄慎,陈华伟.基于Otsu方法的钢轨图像分割[J].光学精密工程,2016,24(7):1772-1781.YUAN Xiaocui,WU Lushen,CHEN Huawei.Rail Image Segmentation Based on Otsu Threshold Method[J].Optics & Precision Engineering,2016,24(7):1772-1781.
[16] 何志勇,孙立宁,陈立国.Otsu准则下分割阈值的快速计算[J].电子学报,2013,41(2):267-272.HE Zhiyong,SUN Lining,CHEN Liguo.Fast Computation of Threshold Based on Otsu Criterion[J].Acta Electronica Sinica,2013,41(2):268-270.
[2] NADOLNY K,KAPLONEK W.Assessment of Working Conditions of Grinding Wheels in the Grinding Process of Hard-to-cut Materials[J].Advanced Research in Engineering Science,2014,1(2):16-28.
[3] LIAO T W,LI K,Mcspadden S B,et al.Wear of Diamond Wheels in Creep-feed Grinding of Ceramic Materials I.Mechanisms[J].Wear,1997,211(1):94-103.
[4] 杨勇生,王珉,李汉中.激光功率谱在砂轮检测中的应用[J].航空工艺技术,1998(2):28-30.YANG Yongsheng,WANG Min,LI Hanzhong.Application of Laser Power Spectrum in Grinding Wheel Measurement[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics,1998(2):28-30.
[5] 龚俊锋,祈辉.DSP技术在砂轮地貌三维重构中的应用[J].机电工程,2010,27(10):25-29.GONG Junfeng,QI Hui.Application of DSP in 3D Reconstruction of Grinding Wheel[J].Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering,2010,27(10):25-29.
[6] FURUTANI K,TRONG HIEU N,OHGURO N,et al.Automatic Compensation for Grinding Wheel Wear by Pressure Based In-process Measurement in Wet Grinding[J].Precision Engineering,2003,27(1):9-13.
[7] VESALI A,TAWAKOLI T.Study on Hydrodynamic Pressure in Grinding Contact Zone Considering Grinding Parameters and Grinding Wheel Specifications[J].Procedia CIRP,2014,14:13-18.
[8] 刘贵杰,唐婷,刘立静,等.基于声发射信号的砂轮钝化在线检测方法[J].仪器仪表学报,2005,26(8):13-14.LIU Guijie,TANG Ting.LIU Lijing,et al.Acoustic Emission Signals Based On-line Monitoring Method for Wheel Dull[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2005,26(8):13-14.
[9] MOIA D F G,THOMAZELLA I H,AGUIAR P R,et al.Tool Condition Monitoring of Aluminum Oxide Grinding Wheel in Dressing Operation Using Acoustic Emission and Neural Networks[J].Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering,2015,37(2):627-640.
[10] BHUIYAN M S H,CHOUDHURY I A,DAHARI M,et al.Application of Acoustic Emission Sensor to Investigate the Frequency of Tool Wear and Plastic Deformation in Tool Condition Monitoring[J].Measurement,2016,92:208-217.
[11] 洪裕珍,任国强,孙健.离焦模糊图像清晰度评价函数的分析与改进[J].光学精密工程,2014,22(12):3401-3408.HONG Yuzhen,REN Guoqiang,SUN Jian.Analysis and Improvement on Sharpness Evaluation Function of Defocused Image[J].Optics & Precision Engineering,2014,22(12):3401-3408.
[12] 谢攀,张利,康宗明,等.一种基于尺度变化的DCT自动聚焦算法[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2003,43(1):55-58.XIE Pan,ZHANG Li,KANG Zongming,et al.Window Scale-based Automatic Focus Algorithm Using DCT Transformation[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology),2003,43(1):55-58.
[13] 李洪宇,杨帆,谭文斌,等.基于HVS算子的自适应清晰度自动调焦评价函数[J].红外技术,2017,39(7):632-637.LI Hongyu,YANG Fan,TAN Wenbin,et al.A Self-adaptive Clarity Auto Focus Evaluation Function Based on HVS Operator[J].Infrared Technology,2017,39(7):632-637.
[14] 钱青,臧冬菊.一种改进的Sobel算子图像清晰度评价函数[J].计算机与数字工程,2015(10):1865-1870.QIAN Qing,ZANG Dongju.A Modified Sharpness-evaluation Function of Image Based on Sobel[J].Computer & Digital Engineering,2015(10):1865-1870.
[15] 袁小翠,吴禄慎,陈华伟.基于Otsu方法的钢轨图像分割[J].光学精密工程,2016,24(7):1772-1781.YUAN Xiaocui,WU Lushen,CHEN Huawei.Rail Image Segmentation Based on Otsu Threshold Method[J].Optics & Precision Engineering,2016,24(7):1772-1781.
[16] 何志勇,孙立宁,陈立国.Otsu准则下分割阈值的快速计算[J].电子学报,2013,41(2):267-272.HE Zhiyong,SUN Lining,CHEN Liguo.Fast Computation of Threshold Based on Otsu Criterion[J].Acta Electronica Sinica,2013,41(2):268-270.