基于大数据的基性-超基性岩定量分类及成矿预测研究——以北山地区为例
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摘要
岩浆岩分类是研究岩浆岩成因及其成矿作用的基础,传统的岩浆岩二维图解分类方法,因仅有个别元素参与分类、岩石矿物学定名无法保证统一性等因素,其分类结果不够精确。本文基于地质大数据研究基本思想、方法,应用多元统计"聚类分析"和"判别分析"的算法,分别构建起"北山地区基性-超基性岩氧化物定量分类系列模型"和"北山地区基性-超基性岩氧化物+微量元素定量分类系列模型"。前者将北山地区406件基性-超基性岩样本,在10个氧化物变量空间分为2大类共9个小类,其中89%的含矿样本分布在占总样本量44%的3个小类中。后者将北山地区266件基性-超基性岩样本,在34个氧化物及微量元素变量空间分为2大类共8个小类,其中98%的含矿样本分布在占总样本量33%的2个小类中,且81%的含矿样本分布在仅占总样本量21%的Ⅰ222分类中,在该分类中含矿样本数占该分类样本的61%,则有理由认为剩余39%的样本所在岩体为找矿的有利岩体。上述二个模型分类结果中含矿样本对定量分类的高度选择性,充分证明所建定量分类系列模型对北山地区基性-超基性岩成矿岩体分类的高度有效性,为北山地区基性-超基性岩成矿岩体预测研究提供了依据。
Magmatic rock classification is the basis for studying the genesis and mineralization of magmatic rocks. The traditional two-dimensional graphical classification method of magmatic rocks is not accurate enough because only individual elements participate in the classification; rock mineralogy can not guarantee the uniformity and other factors. Applying multivariate statistical "cluster analysis"and"discriminant analysis"algorithms,this paper is on the strength of the basic ideas and methods of geological big data research,striving to build a series of"basic-ultrabasic rock oxide quantitative classification series model"and "basic-ultrabasic rock oxide + trace element quantitative classification series model in Beishan area". The former divides 406 basic-ultrabasic rock samples in the Beishan area into 9 categories and 9 subcategories in 10 oxide variable spaces. It was found that 89% of the ore-containing samples were distributed in three sub-categories of 44% of the total sample size. The latter divides 266 basic-ultrabasic rock samples from Beishan area into 34 categories of oxide and trace element variables into 2 categories and 8 sub-categories. 98% of the ore samples were found to be distributed in 2 sub-categories of 33% of the total sample size. In addition,81% of the ore-containing samples are distributed in the I222 category,which accounts for only 21% of the total sample size. In this classification,the number of orecontaining samples accounts for 61% of the sample. So there is reason to believe that the remaining 39% of the sample is located in a favorable rock mass for prospecting. The high selectivity of the ore samples to the quantitative classification in the above two model classification results fully demonstrates the high validity of the quantitative classification series model for the classification of basicultrabasic rock mineralization in the Beishan area. It provides a basis for the prediction of the basic-ultrabasic rock-forming orebodies in the Beishan area.
Magmatic rock classification is the basis for studying the genesis and mineralization of magmatic rocks. The traditional two-dimensional graphical classification method of magmatic rocks is not accurate enough because only individual elements participate in the classification; rock mineralogy can not guarantee the uniformity and other factors. Applying multivariate statistical "cluster analysis"and"discriminant analysis"algorithms,this paper is on the strength of the basic ideas and methods of geological big data research,striving to build a series of"basic-ultrabasic rock oxide quantitative classification series model"and "basic-ultrabasic rock oxide + trace element quantitative classification series model in Beishan area". The former divides 406 basic-ultrabasic rock samples in the Beishan area into 9 categories and 9 subcategories in 10 oxide variable spaces. It was found that 89% of the ore-containing samples were distributed in three sub-categories of 44% of the total sample size. The latter divides 266 basic-ultrabasic rock samples from Beishan area into 34 categories of oxide and trace element variables into 2 categories and 8 sub-categories. 98% of the ore samples were found to be distributed in 2 sub-categories of 33% of the total sample size. In addition,81% of the ore-containing samples are distributed in the I222 category,which accounts for only 21% of the total sample size. In this classification,the number of orecontaining samples accounts for 61% of the sample. So there is reason to believe that the remaining 39% of the sample is located in a favorable rock mass for prospecting. The high selectivity of the ore samples to the quantitative classification in the above two model classification results fully demonstrates the high validity of the quantitative classification series model for the classification of basicultrabasic rock mineralization in the Beishan area. It provides a basis for the prediction of the basic-ultrabasic rock-forming orebodies in the Beishan area.
引文
Ao SJ,Xiao WJ,Han CM,Mao QG and Zhang JE.2010.Geochronology and geochemistry of Early Permian mafic-ultramafic complexes in the Beishan area,Xinjiang,NW China:Implications for late Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the southern Altaids.Gondwana Research,18(2-3):466-478
Chen WF,Wang JR,Zhang Q,Liu YX,Ma L and Jiao ST.2017.Data mining of ocean island basalt and ocean plateau basalt:Geochemical characteristics and comparison with MORB.Acta Geologica Sinica,91(11):2443-2455(in Chinese with English abstract)
Cox KG,Bell JD and Pankhurst RJ.1979.The Interpretation of Igneous Rocks.Dordrecht:Springer
De La Roche H and Leterrier J.1973.Transposition du tétraèdre minéralogique de Yoder et Tilley dans un diagramme chimique de classification des roches basaltiques.Comptes Rendus Acad.Sci.Paris,276,3115-3118
De La Roche H,Leterrier J,Grandclaude P and Marchal M.1980.Aclassification of volcanic and plutonic rocks using R1R2-diagram and major-element analyses:Its relationships with current nomenclature.Chemical Geology,29(1-4):183-210
Di PF,Wang JR,Zhang Q,Yang J,Chen WF,Pan ZJ,Du XL and Jiao ST.2017.The evaluation of basalt tectonic discrimination diagrams:Constraints on the research of global basalt data.Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,36(6):891-896,879(in Chinese with English abstract)
Jiang CY,Cheng SL,Ye SF,Xia MZ,Jiang HB and Dai YC.2006.Lithogeochemistry and petrogenesis of Zhongposhanbei mafic rock body,at Beishan region,Xinjiang.Acta Petrologica Sinica,22(1):115-126(in Chinese with English abstract)
Le Maitre RW,Bateman P and Dudek A.1989.A Classification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms:Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences,Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks.Oxford:Blackwell Science Publication
Li HQ,Mei YP,Qu WJ,Cai H and Du GM.2009.SHRIMP zircon U-Pb and Re-Os dating of No.10 intrusive body and associated ores in Pobei mafic-ultramafic belt of Xinjiang and its significance.Mineral Deposits,28(5):633-642(in Chinese with English abstract)
Li L,Yang YQ and Wang YX.2010.Geochemical characteristics and petrogenesis of Guaishishan copper-nickel mineralized maficultramafic complex in Beishan region of Gansu.Global Geology,29(1):16-27(in Chinese with English abstract)
Luo JM,Zhang XH and Peng DQ.2005.Grade-resource distribution model of rock gold deposits in the Gansu Province.Geology and Exploration,41(5):62-65(in Chinese with English abstract)
Luo JM,Hou YS,Zhang XH,Peng DQ and Niu HB.2006.Reserve predictive model and resource potential appraisal of gold deposits in Gansu Province,China.Mineral Deposits,25(1):53-59(in Chinese with English abstract)
Luo JM,Wang XW,Song BT,Yang ZM,Zhang Q,Zhao YQ and Liu SY.2018.Discussion on the method for quantitative classification of magmatic rocks:Taking it’s application in West Qinling of Gansu Province for example.Acta Petrologica Sinica,34(2):326-332(in Chinese with English abstract)
Middlemost EAK.1985.Magmas and Magmatic Rocks:An Introduction to Igneous Petrology.London:Longman
Middlemost EAK.1994.Naming materials in the magma/igneous rock system.Earth-Science Reviews,37(3-4):215-224
Naldrett AJ and Cabri LJ.1976.Ultramafic and related mafic rocks:Their classification and genesis with special reference to the concentration of nickel sulfides and platinum-group elements.Economic Geology,71(7):1131-1158
Rickwood PC.1989.Boundary lines within petrologic diagrams which use oxides of major and minor elements.Lithos,22(4):247-263
Song DF,Xiao WJ,Han CM,Li JL,Qu JF,Guo QQ,Lin LN and Wang ZM.2013a.Progressive accretionary tectonics of the Beishan orogenic collage,southern Altaids:Insights from zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopic data of high-grade complexes.Precambrian Research,227:368-388
Song DF,Xiao WJ,Han CM,Tian ZH and Wang ZM.2013b.Provenance of metasedimentary rocks from the Beishan orogenic collage,southern Altaids:Constraints from detrital zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopic data.Gondwana Research,24(3-4):1127-1151
Su BX,Qin KZ,Tang DM,Deng G,Xiao QH and Sun H.2011.Petrological features and implications for mineralization of the Poshi mafic-ultramafic intrusion in Beishan area,Xinjiang.Acta Petrologica Sinica,27(12):3627-3639(in Chinese with English abstract)
Su BX,Qin KZ,Sakyi PA,Tang DM,Liu PP,Malaviarachchi SPK,Xiao QH and Sun H.2012.Geochronologic-petrochemical studies of the Hongshishan mafic-ultramaflc intrusion,Beishan area,Xinjiang(NW China):Petrogenesis and tectonic implications.International Geology Review,54(3):270-289
Tian ZH,Xiao WJ,Windley BF,Lin LN,Han CM,Zhang JE,Wan B,Ao SJ,Song DF and Feng JY.2014.Structure,age,and tectonic development of the Huoshishan-Niujuanzi ophiolitic mélange,Beishan,southernmost Altaids.Gondwana Research,25(2):820-841
Wang JR,Chen WF,Zhang Q,Jiao ST,Yang J,Pan ZJ and Wang SH.2017.Preliminary research on data mining of N-MORB and E-MORB:Discussion on method of the basalt discrimination diagrams and the character of MORB’s mantle source.Acta Petrologica Sinica,33(3):993-1005(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wilson DS.1989.Deformation of the so-called Gorda Plate.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,94(B3):3065-3075
Xiao WJ,Mao QG,Windley BF,Han CM,Qu JF,Zhang JE,Ao SJ,Guo QQ,Cleven NR,Lin SF,Shan YH and Li JL.2010.Paleozoic multiple accretionary and collisional processes of the Beishan orogenic collage.American Journal of Science,310(10):1553-1594
Xie W,Song XY,Deng YF,Wang YS,Ba DH,Zheng WQ and Li XB.2012.Geochemistry and petrogenetic implications of a Late Devonian mafic-ultramafic intrusion at the southern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt.Lithos,144-145:209-230
Xie X,Yang JG,Wang XH,Wang L,Jiang L and Jiang AD.2015.Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating of Hongliugou mafic-ultramafic complex in the Beishan area of Gansu Province and its geological significance.Geology in China,42(2):396-405(in Chinese with English abstract)
Yang J,Wang JR,Zhang Q,Chen WF,Pan ZJ,Du XL,Jiao ST and Wang SH.2016.Global IAB data excavation:The performance in basalt discrimination diagrams and preliminary interpretation.Geological Bulletin of China,35(12):1937-1949(in Chinese with English abstract)
Yang JG,Wang L,Wang XH,Xie X and Qi ZG.2012.Zircon SHRIMPU-Pb dating of Heishan mafic-ultramafic complex in the Beishan area of Gansu Province and its geological significance.Geological Bulletin of China,31(2-3):448-454(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhang XH,Feng J,Yin Y and Sun JL.2012.Comparative study on the characteristic occurrences of Heishang Ni-Cu deposit in Subei County of Gansu Province.Northwestern Geology,45(4):134-144(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhao PD,Wei M and Jin YY.1990.Statistical Analysis of Geological Exploration.Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press(in Chinese)
Zhao PD,Hu WL and Li ZJ.1994.Statistics and Prediction for Ore Deposits.Beijing:Geological Publishing House(in Chinese)
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第鹏飞,王金荣,张旗,杨婧,陈万峰,潘振杰,杜学亮,焦守涛.2017.玄武岩构造环境判别图评估---全体数据研究的启示.矿物岩石地球化学通报,36(6):891-896,879
姜常义,程松林,叶书锋,夏明哲,姜寒冰,代玉财.2006.新疆北山地区中坡山北镁铁质岩体岩石地球化学与岩石成因.岩石学报,22(1):115-126
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罗建民,王晓伟,宋秉田,杨忠明,张琪,赵彦庆,刘升有.2018.岩浆岩定量分类方法探讨---以甘肃省西秦岭地区为例.岩石学报,34(2):326-332
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Chen WF,Wang JR,Zhang Q,Liu YX,Ma L and Jiao ST.2017.Data mining of ocean island basalt and ocean plateau basalt:Geochemical characteristics and comparison with MORB.Acta Geologica Sinica,91(11):2443-2455(in Chinese with English abstract)
Cox KG,Bell JD and Pankhurst RJ.1979.The Interpretation of Igneous Rocks.Dordrecht:Springer
De La Roche H and Leterrier J.1973.Transposition du tétraèdre minéralogique de Yoder et Tilley dans un diagramme chimique de classification des roches basaltiques.Comptes Rendus Acad.Sci.Paris,276,3115-3118
De La Roche H,Leterrier J,Grandclaude P and Marchal M.1980.Aclassification of volcanic and plutonic rocks using R1R2-diagram and major-element analyses:Its relationships with current nomenclature.Chemical Geology,29(1-4):183-210
Di PF,Wang JR,Zhang Q,Yang J,Chen WF,Pan ZJ,Du XL and Jiao ST.2017.The evaluation of basalt tectonic discrimination diagrams:Constraints on the research of global basalt data.Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,36(6):891-896,879(in Chinese with English abstract)
Jiang CY,Cheng SL,Ye SF,Xia MZ,Jiang HB and Dai YC.2006.Lithogeochemistry and petrogenesis of Zhongposhanbei mafic rock body,at Beishan region,Xinjiang.Acta Petrologica Sinica,22(1):115-126(in Chinese with English abstract)
Le Maitre RW,Bateman P and Dudek A.1989.A Classification of Igneous Rocks and Glossary of Terms:Recommendations of the International Union of Geological Sciences,Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks.Oxford:Blackwell Science Publication
Li HQ,Mei YP,Qu WJ,Cai H and Du GM.2009.SHRIMP zircon U-Pb and Re-Os dating of No.10 intrusive body and associated ores in Pobei mafic-ultramafic belt of Xinjiang and its significance.Mineral Deposits,28(5):633-642(in Chinese with English abstract)
Li L,Yang YQ and Wang YX.2010.Geochemical characteristics and petrogenesis of Guaishishan copper-nickel mineralized maficultramafic complex in Beishan region of Gansu.Global Geology,29(1):16-27(in Chinese with English abstract)
Luo JM,Zhang XH and Peng DQ.2005.Grade-resource distribution model of rock gold deposits in the Gansu Province.Geology and Exploration,41(5):62-65(in Chinese with English abstract)
Luo JM,Hou YS,Zhang XH,Peng DQ and Niu HB.2006.Reserve predictive model and resource potential appraisal of gold deposits in Gansu Province,China.Mineral Deposits,25(1):53-59(in Chinese with English abstract)
Luo JM,Wang XW,Song BT,Yang ZM,Zhang Q,Zhao YQ and Liu SY.2018.Discussion on the method for quantitative classification of magmatic rocks:Taking it’s application in West Qinling of Gansu Province for example.Acta Petrologica Sinica,34(2):326-332(in Chinese with English abstract)
Middlemost EAK.1985.Magmas and Magmatic Rocks:An Introduction to Igneous Petrology.London:Longman
Middlemost EAK.1994.Naming materials in the magma/igneous rock system.Earth-Science Reviews,37(3-4):215-224
Naldrett AJ and Cabri LJ.1976.Ultramafic and related mafic rocks:Their classification and genesis with special reference to the concentration of nickel sulfides and platinum-group elements.Economic Geology,71(7):1131-1158
Rickwood PC.1989.Boundary lines within petrologic diagrams which use oxides of major and minor elements.Lithos,22(4):247-263
Song DF,Xiao WJ,Han CM,Li JL,Qu JF,Guo QQ,Lin LN and Wang ZM.2013a.Progressive accretionary tectonics of the Beishan orogenic collage,southern Altaids:Insights from zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopic data of high-grade complexes.Precambrian Research,227:368-388
Song DF,Xiao WJ,Han CM,Tian ZH and Wang ZM.2013b.Provenance of metasedimentary rocks from the Beishan orogenic collage,southern Altaids:Constraints from detrital zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopic data.Gondwana Research,24(3-4):1127-1151
Su BX,Qin KZ,Tang DM,Deng G,Xiao QH and Sun H.2011.Petrological features and implications for mineralization of the Poshi mafic-ultramafic intrusion in Beishan area,Xinjiang.Acta Petrologica Sinica,27(12):3627-3639(in Chinese with English abstract)
Su BX,Qin KZ,Sakyi PA,Tang DM,Liu PP,Malaviarachchi SPK,Xiao QH and Sun H.2012.Geochronologic-petrochemical studies of the Hongshishan mafic-ultramaflc intrusion,Beishan area,Xinjiang(NW China):Petrogenesis and tectonic implications.International Geology Review,54(3):270-289
Tian ZH,Xiao WJ,Windley BF,Lin LN,Han CM,Zhang JE,Wan B,Ao SJ,Song DF and Feng JY.2014.Structure,age,and tectonic development of the Huoshishan-Niujuanzi ophiolitic mélange,Beishan,southernmost Altaids.Gondwana Research,25(2):820-841
Wang JR,Chen WF,Zhang Q,Jiao ST,Yang J,Pan ZJ and Wang SH.2017.Preliminary research on data mining of N-MORB and E-MORB:Discussion on method of the basalt discrimination diagrams and the character of MORB’s mantle source.Acta Petrologica Sinica,33(3):993-1005(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wilson DS.1989.Deformation of the so-called Gorda Plate.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,94(B3):3065-3075
Xiao WJ,Mao QG,Windley BF,Han CM,Qu JF,Zhang JE,Ao SJ,Guo QQ,Cleven NR,Lin SF,Shan YH and Li JL.2010.Paleozoic multiple accretionary and collisional processes of the Beishan orogenic collage.American Journal of Science,310(10):1553-1594
Xie W,Song XY,Deng YF,Wang YS,Ba DH,Zheng WQ and Li XB.2012.Geochemistry and petrogenetic implications of a Late Devonian mafic-ultramafic intrusion at the southern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt.Lithos,144-145:209-230
Xie X,Yang JG,Wang XH,Wang L,Jiang L and Jiang AD.2015.Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating of Hongliugou mafic-ultramafic complex in the Beishan area of Gansu Province and its geological significance.Geology in China,42(2):396-405(in Chinese with English abstract)
Yang J,Wang JR,Zhang Q,Chen WF,Pan ZJ,Du XL,Jiao ST and Wang SH.2016.Global IAB data excavation:The performance in basalt discrimination diagrams and preliminary interpretation.Geological Bulletin of China,35(12):1937-1949(in Chinese with English abstract)
Yang JG,Wang L,Wang XH,Xie X and Qi ZG.2012.Zircon SHRIMPU-Pb dating of Heishan mafic-ultramafic complex in the Beishan area of Gansu Province and its geological significance.Geological Bulletin of China,31(2-3):448-454(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhang XH,Feng J,Yin Y and Sun JL.2012.Comparative study on the characteristic occurrences of Heishang Ni-Cu deposit in Subei County of Gansu Province.Northwestern Geology,45(4):134-144(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhao PD,Wei M and Jin YY.1990.Statistical Analysis of Geological Exploration.Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press(in Chinese)
Zhao PD,Hu WL and Li ZJ.1994.Statistics and Prediction for Ore Deposits.Beijing:Geological Publishing House(in Chinese)
陈万峰,王金荣,张旗,刘懿馨,马骊,焦守涛.2017.洋岛和洋底高原玄武岩数据挖掘:地球化学特征及其与MORB的对比.地质学报,91(11):2443-2455
第鹏飞,王金荣,张旗,杨婧,陈万峰,潘振杰,杜学亮,焦守涛.2017.玄武岩构造环境判别图评估---全体数据研究的启示.矿物岩石地球化学通报,36(6):891-896,879
姜常义,程松林,叶书锋,夏明哲,姜寒冰,代玉财.2006.新疆北山地区中坡山北镁铁质岩体岩石地球化学与岩石成因.岩石学报,22(1):115-126
李华芹,梅玉萍,屈文俊,蔡红,杜国民.2009.新疆坡北基性-超基性岩带10号岩体SHRIMP U-Pb和矿石Re-Os同位素定年及其意义.矿床地质,28(5):633-642
李丽,杨永强,王育习.2010.甘肃北山地区怪石山含铜镍矿化镁铁质-超镁铁质杂岩体的地球化学特征及成因机制.世界地质,29(1):16-27
罗建民,张新虎,彭德启.2005.甘肃省岩金矿品位-储量分布模型.地质与勘探,41(5):62-65
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