自由膜式空气弹簧非线性有限元分析
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摘要
对一种自由膜式空气弹簧进行非线性有限元分析,建立自由膜式空气弹簧非线性柔性体有限元动力学模型,研究其各项力学性能。橡胶气囊采用分层壳单元耦合建立,内外层橡胶采用一次多项式Mooney-Rivlin橡胶材料本构模型,内置帘线层采用帘线织布材料本构模型。利用AIRBAG模型模拟橡胶气囊气固耦合,对建立起的有限元模型进行力学仿真计算,数值计算结果对比试验表明模型精度较高。对其进行力学分析,得出橡胶气囊初始气压对空气弹簧影响较大,刚度值随气压增大呈非线性增长;帘线层层数对垂向刚度影响较小,横向刚度影响较大;辅助弹簧对空气弹簧垂向及横向刚度影响较大。所得结果为进一步进行整车动态分析及空气弹簧设计研究提供理论以及数据基础。
The nonlinear finite element analysis of a free membrane-type air spring was carried out. The nonlinear flexible body dynamics model of the free membrane-type air spring was established to study its mechanical properties. The rubber airbag was coupled with layered shell element,and the inner and outer rubber layers adopted primary polynomial Mooney-Rivlin rubber material constitutive model,and the built-in cord layers adopted the woven fabric constitutive model. The AIRBAG model was used to simulate the gas-solid coupling of rubber gasbag,the mechanical calculation of the established model is carried out,and the numerical results of the model were more accurate than the experiment. The mechanical analysis shows that the initial pressure of rubber air bag has great influence on the air spring,and the stiffness increases nonlinearly with the increase of air pressure. The number of cord layers has little effect on vertical stiffness,and great influence on lateral stiffness. The auxiliary spring has great influence on the vertical and lateral stiffness of the air spring. The results provide theoretical and data basis for further dynamic analysis of the whole vehicle and the design of air spring.
The nonlinear finite element analysis of a free membrane-type air spring was carried out. The nonlinear flexible body dynamics model of the free membrane-type air spring was established to study its mechanical properties. The rubber airbag was coupled with layered shell element,and the inner and outer rubber layers adopted primary polynomial Mooney-Rivlin rubber material constitutive model,and the built-in cord layers adopted the woven fabric constitutive model. The AIRBAG model was used to simulate the gas-solid coupling of rubber gasbag,the mechanical calculation of the established model is carried out,and the numerical results of the model were more accurate than the experiment. The mechanical analysis shows that the initial pressure of rubber air bag has great influence on the air spring,and the stiffness increases nonlinearly with the increase of air pressure. The number of cord layers has little effect on vertical stiffness,and great influence on lateral stiffness. The auxiliary spring has great influence on the vertical and lateral stiffness of the air spring. The results provide theoretical and data basis for further dynamic analysis of the whole vehicle and the design of air spring.
引文
[1]莫荣利.带箍结构空气弹簧非线性有限元分析及试验研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2010.
[2]袁春元,周孔亢,王国林,等.车用空气弹簧力学性能仿真及试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2008,24,(03):38-42.
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[6]菅原,能生,向云,等.利用空气弹簧可控阻尼力降低车体的垂向振动[J].国外铁道车辆,2008,45(4):24-29
[7]黄小双,彭雄奇,张必超.帘线/橡胶复合材料各向异性黏-超弹性本构模型[J].力学学报,2016,48(1):140-145.
[8]MESCHKE G,HELNWEIN P.Large-strain 3D-analysis of fibre-reinforced composites using rebar elements:hyperelastic formulations for cords[J].Computational Mechanics,1994,13(4):241-254.
[9]戚壮.高速动车组空气弹簧动力学特性及其故障模式研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2015.
[2]袁春元,周孔亢,王国林,等.车用空气弹簧力学性能仿真及试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2008,24,(03):38-42.
[3]方凯,王成国,程慧萍,等.一种新型高速客车空气弹簧的非线性有限元分析[J].铁道机车车辆,2001,(06):8-9+30.
[4]SUDA Y,WANG W,SATO Y,et al.Study on control of air suspension system for railway vehicle to prevent wheel load reduction at low-speed transition curve negotiation[J].Vehicle System Dynamic,2006,44:814-822.
[5]Kamoshita S,Sasaki K,Kakinuma H,et al.A control method for hybrid tilting systems using tilting beams and air spring inclination[J].Qr of Rtri,2007,48(1):1-7.
[6]菅原,能生,向云,等.利用空气弹簧可控阻尼力降低车体的垂向振动[J].国外铁道车辆,2008,45(4):24-29
[7]黄小双,彭雄奇,张必超.帘线/橡胶复合材料各向异性黏-超弹性本构模型[J].力学学报,2016,48(1):140-145.
[8]MESCHKE G,HELNWEIN P.Large-strain 3D-analysis of fibre-reinforced composites using rebar elements:hyperelastic formulations for cords[J].Computational Mechanics,1994,13(4):241-254.
[9]戚壮.高速动车组空气弹簧动力学特性及其故障模式研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2015.