不同生育时期喷施多效唑对谷子光合特性及产量的影响
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摘要
在谷子拔节期前、拔节期和孕穗期叶面喷施多效唑,试验采用随机区组设计,4个施药水平,研究张杂谷10号光合参数及产量响应情况。结果表明,与对照相比,在谷子生育时期喷施适宜的多效唑能够促进谷子的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度及相对叶绿素含量,且均随着多效唑质量浓度的增加呈现先增加后降低的变化趋势,在多效唑300 mg/L时达到最大;影响谷子产量的关键构成因素是千粒质量、穗质量及穗粒质量,谷子增产显著,且拔节期前喷施效果优于拔节期和孕穗期,但在浓度过高时会降低增产效果。在拔节期前喷施300 mg/L多效唑,谷子净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、相对叶绿素含量及产量构成指标均达到最大,产量最高。
Paclobutrazol was sprayed to the leaves in before jointing stage, jointing stage and booting stage, random block design was used in the experiment, and four spraying levels were used to study the photosynthetic parameters and yield response of Zhangzagu10 millet. The results showed that compared with the control group, the appropriate spraying of paclobutrazol in the growth period of millet could promote the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and relative chlorophyll content of millet, each of which increased and decreased by the increase of paclobutrazol concentration, maximum at concentration of 300 mg/L. The key components affecting grain yield were 1 000-grain quality, panicle quality and grain quality per spike. Grain yield increased significantly,and the effect of spraying before jointing stage was better than jointing stage and booting stage. But when the concentration was too high,the effect of increasing yield reduced. Therefore, under the spraying of 300 mg/L paclobutrazol before jointing stage, panicle quality,1 000-grain quality and grain quality per spike of millet reached the best effect, thus promoting the increase of yield. Therefore, when paclobutrazol sprayed before jointing stage is 300 mg/L, the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, relative chlorophyll content and yield components of foxtail millet reach the maximum, and the yield is the highest.
Paclobutrazol was sprayed to the leaves in before jointing stage, jointing stage and booting stage, random block design was used in the experiment, and four spraying levels were used to study the photosynthetic parameters and yield response of Zhangzagu10 millet. The results showed that compared with the control group, the appropriate spraying of paclobutrazol in the growth period of millet could promote the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and relative chlorophyll content of millet, each of which increased and decreased by the increase of paclobutrazol concentration, maximum at concentration of 300 mg/L. The key components affecting grain yield were 1 000-grain quality, panicle quality and grain quality per spike. Grain yield increased significantly,and the effect of spraying before jointing stage was better than jointing stage and booting stage. But when the concentration was too high,the effect of increasing yield reduced. Therefore, under the spraying of 300 mg/L paclobutrazol before jointing stage, panicle quality,1 000-grain quality and grain quality per spike of millet reached the best effect, thus promoting the increase of yield. Therefore, when paclobutrazol sprayed before jointing stage is 300 mg/L, the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, relative chlorophyll content and yield components of foxtail millet reach the maximum, and the yield is the highest.
引文
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[15]贺笑,庞春花,张永清,等.多效唑和矮壮素浸种对藜麦幼苗生长的影响[J].河南农业科学,2018,47(1):26-31.
[16]宫庆涛,张坤鹏,武海斌.15%多效唑可湿性粉剂对花生生长及产量的影响[J].山西农业科学,2015,43(1):25-27,53.
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[19]陈开平,耿辉辉,蒋晴.矮壮丰与多效唑对小麦的田间效应[J].大麦与谷类科学,2016,33(4):53-55.
[20]王艳婕,王莅.多效唑对黄瓜及番茄幼苗生长的影响[J].天津农业科学,2014,20(2):71-73.
[2]邵彦宾,李冕.喷施多效唑对谷子生物学性状的影响[J].农业科技通讯,2012,25(4):130-131.
[3]田伯红.禾谷类作物抗倒伏性的研究方法与谷子抗倒性评价[J].植物遗传资源学报,2013,14(2):265-269.
[4]王宇先,李清泉,赵蕾等.谷子矮化处理对倒伏性状及产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2016(11):23-25.
[5]黄卫东.PP333:一种新的植物生长延缓剂[J].园艺学报,1988,15(1):27-32.
[6]聂萌恩.喷施多效唑对谷子生理特性和产量的影响[D].太谷:山西农业大学,2014.
[7]史关燕,杨成元,李会霞,等.多效唑喷施浓度及时期对谷子性状及品质的影响[J].农学学报,2015,5(8):31-35.
[8]杨利艳,杨武德.多效唑对荞麦生长、生理及产量影响的研究[J].山西农业大学学报,2005,25(4):328-330.
[9]吕晓飞.不均衡种植方式对谷子光合特征及产量和品质的影响[D].太谷:山西农业大学,2016.
[10]邹琦.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[11]姚满生,李金文,张卫中.不同植物生长调节剂在马铃薯生产中的应用研究[J].山西农业科学,2008,36(7):43-45.
[12]李世忠,王迪,徐坤.多效唑对蓝茎冰草种子质量形成的影响[J].草业科学,2015,32(10):1619-1624.
[13]冯辉,薜正刚,郜战宁.不同时期喷施多效唑对大麦生长和产量的调节效应[J].大麦与谷类科学,2014(4):59-61.
[14]黄飞,李忠芹,黄英.多效唑对水稻产量的调节效应[J].大麦与谷类科学,2008(2):48-50.
[15]贺笑,庞春花,张永清,等.多效唑和矮壮素浸种对藜麦幼苗生长的影响[J].河南农业科学,2018,47(1):26-31.
[16]宫庆涛,张坤鹏,武海斌.15%多效唑可湿性粉剂对花生生长及产量的影响[J].山西农业科学,2015,43(1):25-27,53.
[17]董志新.多效唑对大豆化学调控诱导效应的研究[J].石河子大学学报,1996(2):11-16.
[18]徐世宏,阮伟江,吴登,等.多效唑在玉米上的应用试验[J].广西农业科学,1992(6):264-266.
[19]陈开平,耿辉辉,蒋晴.矮壮丰与多效唑对小麦的田间效应[J].大麦与谷类科学,2016,33(4):53-55.
[20]王艳婕,王莅.多效唑对黄瓜及番茄幼苗生长的影响[J].天津农业科学,2014,20(2):71-73.