利用波前信息的直流输电线路超高速保护原理
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摘要
高压直流输电对继电保护的快速动作提出要求。直流输电线路发生故障后,故障点电气量产生大量高频信号并向线路两端传播,受到输电线路参数频变特性的影响,保护测得的故障高频信号中包含故障信息。基于输电线路参数频变特性和故障点行波宽频特性分析了行波波前包含的故障信息,得出了故障零模电流行波波前形状变化程度与故障距离有关,故障零模电流行波波前幅值和过渡电阻有关的结论,据此提出了一种利用波形相关系数的直流输电线路超高速保护原理。仿真验证了该原理的快速性、可靠性和高耐过渡电阻能力。
HVDC transmission raises demand for highspeed operation of relay. When a fault occurs, a large number of high-frequency signals are generated and transmitted to both ends of transmission line. Due to frequency-dependent characteristics of transmission line parameters, the high-frequency signals of the fault contain fault information. In this paper, the fault information contained in traveling wave front was analyzed on the basis of frequency-dependent characteristics of the transmission line parameters and broadband characteristics of fault point waveform. It is concluded that shape change of fault zero-mode current wave front is related to fault distance and the magnitude of fault zero-mode current wave front is related to fault resistance. Hence, a principle of ultra-high-speed protection for DC transmission line using waveform correlation coefficient is proposed. The simulation results show that the proposed method is fast, reliable and capable of anti-high transition resistance.
HVDC transmission raises demand for highspeed operation of relay. When a fault occurs, a large number of high-frequency signals are generated and transmitted to both ends of transmission line. Due to frequency-dependent characteristics of transmission line parameters, the high-frequency signals of the fault contain fault information. In this paper, the fault information contained in traveling wave front was analyzed on the basis of frequency-dependent characteristics of the transmission line parameters and broadband characteristics of fault point waveform. It is concluded that shape change of fault zero-mode current wave front is related to fault distance and the magnitude of fault zero-mode current wave front is related to fault resistance. Hence, a principle of ultra-high-speed protection for DC transmission line using waveform correlation coefficient is proposed. The simulation results show that the proposed method is fast, reliable and capable of anti-high transition resistance.
引文
[1]Kong F,Hao Z,Zhang B.A novel traveling-wave-based main protection scheme for±800 kV UHVDC bipolar transmission lines[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2016,31(5):2159-2168.
[2]Xie L H,Jin L J,Wang X L,et al.Improved protection method of HVDC transmission line based on the analysis of traveling wave dispersion[C]//International Conference on Power System Technology.Chengdu,IEEE,2014:467-473.
[3]田得良,蔡泽祥,梁益,等.特高压直流输电线路行波保护电流判据优化[J].电网技术,2016,40(8):2548-2554.Tian Deliang,Cai Zexiang,Liang Yi,et al.Optimization strategy on current criterion of travelling wave protection for UHVDCtransmission system[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(8):2548-2554(in Chinese).
[4]刘剑,邰能灵,范春菊.基于电流波形匹配的高压直流输电线路纵联保护[J].电网技术,2015,39(6):1736-1743.Liu Jian,Tai Nengling,Fan Chunju.A novel pilot protection scheme for HVDC transmission line based on current waveform matching[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(6):1736-1743(in Chinese).
[5]刘琪,宋国兵.基于电流偏差均值控制特性的高压直流输电线路纵联保护新原理[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(8):2159-2167.Liu Qi,Song Guobing.Novel pilot protection for HVDC transmission lines using mean current error control characteristics[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(8):2159-2167(in Chinese).
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[7]高杉,林圣,何正友.基于行波固有频率一、二次频差的HVDC输电线路纵联保护方法[J].电网技术,2015,39(7):2002-2009.Gao Shan,Lin Sheng,He Zhengyou.A HVDC transmission line pilot protection method based on frequency difference between dominant natural frequency and secondary natural frequency of traveling wave[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(7):2002-2009(in Chinese).
[8]丁晓兵,朱韬析,田庆,等.基于SIEMENS技术的高压直流输电线路保护失配[J].电网技术,2016,40(10):3088-3094.Ding Xiaobing,Zhu Taoxi,Tian Qing,et al.Research on mismatch of HVDC transmission line protection based on SIEMENS technology[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(10):3088-3094(in Chinese).
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[11]张保会,孔飞,张嵩,等.高压直流输电线路单端暂态量保护装置的技术开发[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(4):179-185.Zhang Baohui,Kong Fei,Zhang Song,et al.Technical development of non-unit protection devices based on transient signals for HVDCtransmission lines[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(4):179-185(in Chinese).
[12]李小鹏,汤涌,滕予非,等.基于反行波幅值比较的高压直流输电线路纵联保护方法[J].电网技术,2016,40(10):3095-3101.Li Xiaopeng,Tang Yong,Teng Yufei,et al.Pilot protection method based on amplitude comparison of backward traveling wave for HVDC transmission lines[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(10):3095-3101(in Chinese).
[13]李小鹏,汤涌,朱清代,等.利用测量波阻抗相位特征的高压直流输电线路纵联保护[J].电网技术,2018,42(4):1251-1259.Li Xiaopeng,Tang Yong,Zhu Qingdai,et al.Pilot protection for HVDC transmission lines utilizing phase features of measured surge impedance[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(4):1251-1259(in Chinese).
[14]吕延洁,张保会,哈恒旭.基于暂态量超高速线路保护的发展与展望[J].电力系统自动化,2001,25(5):56-61.Lu Yanjie,Zhang Baohui,Ha Hengxu.Development and prospect of ultra-high speed protection for EHV transmission systems based on fault-generated transients[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2001,25(5):56-61(in Chinese).
[15]Vazquez E,Castruita J,Chacon O L,et al.A new approach traveling-wave distance protection-Part I:algorithm[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2007,22(2):795-800.
[16]束洪春,田鑫萃,安娜.采用实测数据和主成分分析的直流输电线路故障识别方法[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(21):203-209.Shu Hongchun,Tian Xincui,An Na.Fault identification method for DC transmission lines using measured data and principal component analysis[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(21):203-209(in Chinese).
[17]Yang Q,Blond S L,Aggarwal R,et al.New ANN method for multi-terminal HVDC protection relaying[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2017,148:192-201.
[18]韩昆仑,蔡泽祥,贺智,等.高压直流输电线路故障行波传播特性及其对行波保护的影响[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(21):20-25.Han Kunlun,Cai Zexiang,He Zhi,et al.Propagation characteristic of fault traveling wave on HVDC line and its influence on HVDC line traveling wave protection[J].Power System Protection&Control,2013,41(21):20-25(in Chinese).
[19]Johannesson N,Norrga S,Wikstr?m C.Selective wave-front based protection algorithm for MTDC systems[C]//International Conference on Development in Power System Protection.Edinburgh,IET,2016:1-6.
[20]葛耀中.新型继电保护和故障测距的原理与技术[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2007:260-265.
[21]王艳婷,张保会,范新凯.柔性直流电网架空线路快速保护方案[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(21):13-19.Wang Yanting,Zhang Baohui,Fan Xinkai.Fast protection scheme for overhead transmission lines of VSC-based HVDC grid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(21):13-19(in Chinese).
[22]Zhao Li,Guibin Zou,Bingbing Tong,et al.Novel traveling wave protection method for high voltage DC transmission line[C]//Power&Energy Society General Meeting.Denver,IEEE,2015:1-5.
[23]梁益,蔡泽祥,田得良,等.直流线路行波保护解析整定方法[J].电网技术,2017,41(1):298-304.Liang Yi,Cai Zexiang,Tian Deliang,et al.Analytical method for travelling wave protection setting of HVDC transmission line[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(1):298-304(in Chinese).
[2]Xie L H,Jin L J,Wang X L,et al.Improved protection method of HVDC transmission line based on the analysis of traveling wave dispersion[C]//International Conference on Power System Technology.Chengdu,IEEE,2014:467-473.
[3]田得良,蔡泽祥,梁益,等.特高压直流输电线路行波保护电流判据优化[J].电网技术,2016,40(8):2548-2554.Tian Deliang,Cai Zexiang,Liang Yi,et al.Optimization strategy on current criterion of travelling wave protection for UHVDCtransmission system[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(8):2548-2554(in Chinese).
[4]刘剑,邰能灵,范春菊.基于电流波形匹配的高压直流输电线路纵联保护[J].电网技术,2015,39(6):1736-1743.Liu Jian,Tai Nengling,Fan Chunju.A novel pilot protection scheme for HVDC transmission line based on current waveform matching[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(6):1736-1743(in Chinese).
[5]刘琪,宋国兵.基于电流偏差均值控制特性的高压直流输电线路纵联保护新原理[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(8):2159-2167.Liu Qi,Song Guobing.Novel pilot protection for HVDC transmission lines using mean current error control characteristics[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(8):2159-2167(in Chinese).
[6]Costa F B,Monti A,Lopes F V,et al.Two-terminal travelingwave-based transmission-line protection[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2017,32(3):1382-1393.
[7]高杉,林圣,何正友.基于行波固有频率一、二次频差的HVDC输电线路纵联保护方法[J].电网技术,2015,39(7):2002-2009.Gao Shan,Lin Sheng,He Zhengyou.A HVDC transmission line pilot protection method based on frequency difference between dominant natural frequency and secondary natural frequency of traveling wave[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(7):2002-2009(in Chinese).
[8]丁晓兵,朱韬析,田庆,等.基于SIEMENS技术的高压直流输电线路保护失配[J].电网技术,2016,40(10):3088-3094.Ding Xiaobing,Zhu Taoxi,Tian Qing,et al.Research on mismatch of HVDC transmission line protection based on SIEMENS technology[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(10):3088-3094(in Chinese).
[9]赵畹君.高压直流输电工程技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2004.
[10]索南加乐,张健康,杨黎明,等.考虑频变参数的高压直流输电线路距离保护[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(16):63-69.Suonan Jiale,Zhang Jiankang,Yang Liming,et al.Distance protection for HVDC transmission lines considering frequency-dependent parameters[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(16):63-69(in Chinese).
[11]张保会,孔飞,张嵩,等.高压直流输电线路单端暂态量保护装置的技术开发[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(4):179-185.Zhang Baohui,Kong Fei,Zhang Song,et al.Technical development of non-unit protection devices based on transient signals for HVDCtransmission lines[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(4):179-185(in Chinese).
[12]李小鹏,汤涌,滕予非,等.基于反行波幅值比较的高压直流输电线路纵联保护方法[J].电网技术,2016,40(10):3095-3101.Li Xiaopeng,Tang Yong,Teng Yufei,et al.Pilot protection method based on amplitude comparison of backward traveling wave for HVDC transmission lines[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(10):3095-3101(in Chinese).
[13]李小鹏,汤涌,朱清代,等.利用测量波阻抗相位特征的高压直流输电线路纵联保护[J].电网技术,2018,42(4):1251-1259.Li Xiaopeng,Tang Yong,Zhu Qingdai,et al.Pilot protection for HVDC transmission lines utilizing phase features of measured surge impedance[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(4):1251-1259(in Chinese).
[14]吕延洁,张保会,哈恒旭.基于暂态量超高速线路保护的发展与展望[J].电力系统自动化,2001,25(5):56-61.Lu Yanjie,Zhang Baohui,Ha Hengxu.Development and prospect of ultra-high speed protection for EHV transmission systems based on fault-generated transients[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2001,25(5):56-61(in Chinese).
[15]Vazquez E,Castruita J,Chacon O L,et al.A new approach traveling-wave distance protection-Part I:algorithm[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2007,22(2):795-800.
[16]束洪春,田鑫萃,安娜.采用实测数据和主成分分析的直流输电线路故障识别方法[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(21):203-209.Shu Hongchun,Tian Xincui,An Na.Fault identification method for DC transmission lines using measured data and principal component analysis[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(21):203-209(in Chinese).
[17]Yang Q,Blond S L,Aggarwal R,et al.New ANN method for multi-terminal HVDC protection relaying[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2017,148:192-201.
[18]韩昆仑,蔡泽祥,贺智,等.高压直流输电线路故障行波传播特性及其对行波保护的影响[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(21):20-25.Han Kunlun,Cai Zexiang,He Zhi,et al.Propagation characteristic of fault traveling wave on HVDC line and its influence on HVDC line traveling wave protection[J].Power System Protection&Control,2013,41(21):20-25(in Chinese).
[19]Johannesson N,Norrga S,Wikstr?m C.Selective wave-front based protection algorithm for MTDC systems[C]//International Conference on Development in Power System Protection.Edinburgh,IET,2016:1-6.
[20]葛耀中.新型继电保护和故障测距的原理与技术[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2007:260-265.
[21]王艳婷,张保会,范新凯.柔性直流电网架空线路快速保护方案[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(21):13-19.Wang Yanting,Zhang Baohui,Fan Xinkai.Fast protection scheme for overhead transmission lines of VSC-based HVDC grid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(21):13-19(in Chinese).
[22]Zhao Li,Guibin Zou,Bingbing Tong,et al.Novel traveling wave protection method for high voltage DC transmission line[C]//Power&Energy Society General Meeting.Denver,IEEE,2015:1-5.
[23]梁益,蔡泽祥,田得良,等.直流线路行波保护解析整定方法[J].电网技术,2017,41(1):298-304.Liang Yi,Cai Zexiang,Tian Deliang,et al.Analytical method for travelling wave protection setting of HVDC transmission line[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(1):298-304(in Chinese).