片形吸虫分类鉴定的研究进展
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摘要
片形吸虫是牛羊及其他哺乳动物胆管内常见寄生虫,主要有肝片形吸虫和巨片形吸虫,两者形态相似,对其鉴定一直是研究的热点之一。近年来现代生物学技术已广泛运用于寄生虫的分类学研究,本文拟阐述染色体分析、蛋白质多态性以及分子遗传学技术用于片形吸虫种类鉴定的研究进展,揭示片形吸虫的种内差异,种间差异和亲缘关系。
Two trematode species of the genus Fasciola, Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica, are common parasites in the bile ducts of cattle, sheep and other mammals. F. hepatica and F. gigantica so resemble each other that one could not distinguish them by morphological method, differentiation of these two species is one of the hotspots. This paper intends to elucidate the progress in species identification by using modern biotechnology such as chromosome analysis, protein polymorphism and molecular genetic techniques, reveal genetic diversity of inter-and intra-species and relationships between Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica in the genus Fasciola.
Two trematode species of the genus Fasciola, Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica, are common parasites in the bile ducts of cattle, sheep and other mammals. F. hepatica and F. gigantica so resemble each other that one could not distinguish them by morphological method, differentiation of these two species is one of the hotspots. This paper intends to elucidate the progress in species identification by using modern biotechnology such as chromosome analysis, protein polymorphism and molecular genetic techniques, reveal genetic diversity of inter-and intra-species and relationships between Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica in the genus Fasciola.
引文
[1] Keiser J, Utzinger J. Food-borne trematodiases[J]. Clin Microbiol Rev, 2009, 22(3): 466-83.
[2] Mohammad Alizadeh AH, Roshani M, Lahmi F,et al. Cholangiocarcinoma in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and fascioliasis in endoscopic ultrasonography[J]. Case Rep Gastroenterol, 2011, 5(3): 569-77.
[3] Mas‐Coma S, Valero M A, Bargues M D. Chapter 2 fasciola , lymnaeids and human fascioliasis, with a global overview on disease transmission, epidemiology, evolutionary genetics, molecular epidemiology and control[J]. Adv Parasitol, 2009, 69(Chapter 2): 41-146.
[4] 黄维义, 张为宇, 吴文德. 两种片形吸虫感染山羊的对比试验[J]. 中国兽医杂志, 2006, 42(2):12-14.
[5] Yadav S C, Sharma R L, Kalicharan A, et al. Primary experimental infection of riverine buffaloes with Fasciola gigantica[J]. Vet Parasitol, 1999, 82(4): 285.
[6] Long C, Daugschies A, Wang B Y, et al. Blood eicosanoids and immune indices during fasciolosis in water buffaloes[J]. Parasitol Int, 2000, 49(4): 273-8.
[7] Robinson M W, Trudgett A, Hoey E M, et al. Triclabendazole-resistant Fasciola hepatica: beta-tubulin and response to in vitro treatment with triclabendazole[J]. Parasitology, 2002, 124(Pt 3): 325-38.
[8] Amer S, Dar Y, Ichikawa M, et al. Identification of fasciola species isolated from Egypt based on sequence analysis of genomic (ITS1 and ITS2) and mitochondrial (NDI and COI) gene markers[J]. Parasitol Int, 2011, 60(1): 5-12.
[9] Liu G H, Gasser R B, Young N D, et al. Complete mitochondrial genomes of the 'intermediate form' of Fasciola and Fasciola gigantica, and their comparison with F. hepatica[J]. Parasit Vectors, 2014, 7(1): 150.
[10] Afshan K, Valero M A, Qayyum M, et al. Phenotypes of intermediate forms of Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica in buffaloes from Central Punjab, Pakistan[J]. J Helminthol, 2014, 88(4): 417-26.
[11] Ichikawa M, Iwata N, Itagaki T. DNA types of aspermic Fasciola species in Japan[J]. J Vet Med Sci, 2010, 72(10): 1371-4.
[12] Periago M V, Valero M A, Sayed M E, et al. First phenotypic description of Fasciola gigantica intermediate forms from the human endemic area of the Nile Delta, Egypt[J]. Infect Genet Evol , 2008, 8(1): 51-58.
[13] Lin R Q, Dong S J, Nie K, et al. Sequence analysis of the first internal transcribed spacer of rDNA supports the existence of the intermediate Fasciola between F. hepatica and F. gigantica in mainland China[J]. Parasitol Res, 2007, 101(3): 813-7.
[14] Ashrafi K, Valero M A, Panova M, et al. Phenotypic analysis of adults of Fasciola hepatica, Fasciola gigantica and intermediate forms from the endemic region of Gilan, Iran[J]. Parasitol Int, 2006, 55(4): 249-60.
[15] Fletcher H L, Hoey E M, Orr N, et al. The occurrence and significance of triploidy in the liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica[J]. Parasitology, 2004, 128(Pt 1): 69.
[16] Sakaguchi Y. Karyotype and gametogenesis of the common liver fluke, Fasciola sp, in Japan[J]. Japan J Parasitol, 1980, 29(6): 507-13.
[17] Itagaki T, Tsutsumi K. Triploid form of Fasciola in Japan: genetic relationships between Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica determined by ITS-2 sequence of nuclear rDNA[J]. Int J Parasitol, 1998, 28(5): 777.
[18] 李国清, 靳家声, 王佩雅. 肝片吸虫染色体的研究[J]. 中国兽医科学, 1988, 4(6): 13-18.
[19] 李杰华, 何麟. 肝片形吸虫的减数分裂与核型[J]. 南方医科大学学报, 1988, 8(1): 53-6.
[20] 尹怀志. 两种片形吸虫鉴别与比较[J]. 海峡预防医学杂志, 1995,1(1): 24-5.
[21] 尹怀志. 片形吸虫染色体研究的新发现[J]. 福建师范大学学报(自然科学版), 1988, 4(2): 117-8.
[22] Agatsuma T, Terasaki K, Yang L, et al. Genetic variation in the triploids of Japanese Fasciola species, and relationships with other species in the genus[J]. J Helminthol, 1994, 68(3): 181-6.
[23] Rickard L G, Hoberg E P, Mulrooney D M, et al. Isoelectric focusing of soluble proteins in the characterization of species and isolates of Nematodirus (Nematoda: Trichostrongyloidea)[J]. J Parasitol, 1997, 83(5): 895-901.
[24] Johnson M R, Hoberg E P. Differentiation of Moniezia expansa and Moniezia benedeni (Eucestoda: Cyclophyllidea) by isoelectric focusing[J]. Can J Zool, 1989, 67(6): 1471-5.
[25] Bylund G, Djupsund B M. Protein profiles as an aid to taxonomy in the genus Diphyllobothrium[J]. Z Parasitenkd, 1977, 51(3): 241-7.
[26] Lotfy W M, El-Morshedy H N, Abou E-H M, et al. Identification of the Egyptian species of Fasciola[J]. Vet Parasitol, 2002, 103(4): 323-32.
[27] Lee C G, Zimmerman G L. Banding patterns of Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica (Trematoda) by isoelectric focusing[J]. J Parasitol, 1993, 79(1): 120-3.
[28] Lee C G, Zimmerman G L, Bishop J K. Host influence on the banding profiles of whole-body protein and excretory-secretory product of Fasciola hepatica (trematoda) by isoelectric focusing[J]. Vet Parasitol, 1992, 41(1-2): 57-68.
[29] Elder J F, Turner B J. Concerted evolution of repetitive DNA sequences in eukaryotes [Review][J]. Q Rev Biol , 1996, 70(3): 297-320.
[30] Liao D . Concerted evolution: molecular mechanism and biological implications[J]. Am J f Hum Genet , 1999, 64(1): 24-30.
[31] lvarez I, Wendel J F. Ribosomal ITS sequences and plant phylogenetic inference[J]. Mol Phylogenet Evol , 2003, 29(3): 417-34.
[32] Huang W Y, He B, Wang C R, et al. Characterisation of Fasciola species from Mainland China by ITS-2 ribosomal DNA sequence[J]. Vet Parasitol, 2004, 120(1-2): 75-83.
[33] Terasaki K, Akahane H, Habe S, et al. The geographical distribution of common liver flukes (the genus Fasciola) with normal and abnormal spermatogenesis[J]. Nihon Juigaku Zasshi, 1982, 44(2): 223-31.
[34] Terasaki K, Moriyama-Gonda N, Noda Y. Abnormal spermatogenesis in the common liver fluke (Fasciola sp.) from Japan and Korea[J]. J Vet Med Sci, 1998, 60(12): 1305.
[35] Itagaki T, Kikawa M, Terasaki K, et al. Molecular characterization of parthenogenic Fasciola sp. in Korea on the basis of DNA sequences of ribosomal ITS1 and mitochondrial NDI gene[J]. J Vet Med Sci, 2005, 67(11): 1115-8.
[36] Shoriki T, Ichikawaseki M, Suganuma K, et al. Novel methods for the molecular discrimination of Fasciola spp. on the basis of nuclear protein-coding genes[J]. Parasitol Int, 2016, 65(3): 180-3.
[37] Agrawal S , Guevara M , Verma S P. Tectonic discrimination of basic and ultrabasic volcanic rocks through log-transformed ratios of immobile trace elements[J]. Int Geol Rev, 2008, 50(12): 1057-79.
[38] Toledo A, Martínsánchez J, Pesson B, et al. Genetic variability within the species Leishmania infantum by RAPD. A lack of correlation with zymodeme structure[J]. Mol Biochem Parasitol, 2002, 119(2): 257-64.
[39] Tur?eková , nábel V, Dubinsk? P. Genetic variants of Echinococcus granulosus in Slovakia recorded by random amplification of polymorphic DNA[J]. Helminthologia, 1998, 35(4): 179-83.
[40] Scott J C, Mcmanus D P. The random amplification of polymorphic DNA can discriminate species and strains of Echinococcus[J]. Trop Med Parasitol,1994, 45(1): 1-4.
[41] Barral V, This P, Imbertestablet D, et al. Genetic variability and evolution of the Schistosoma genome analysed by using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers[J]. Mol Biochem Parasitol, 1993, 59(2): 211.
[42] Mcgarry J W, Ortiz P L, Hodgkinson J E, et al. PCR-based differentiation of Fasciola species (Trematoda: Fasciolidae), using primers based on RAPD-derived sequences[J]. Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 2007, 101(5): 415-21.
[43] 胥全彬, 沈永林, Daugschies A. 片形吸虫DNA随机扩增多态性分析[J]. 中国兽医学报, 2001, 21(5): 443-6.
[44] Chamberlain J S, Gibbs R A, Ranier J E, et al. Deletion screening of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy locus via multiplex DNA amplification[J]. Nucleic Acids Res, 1988, 16(23): 11141-56.
[45] Le TH, Nguyen KT, Nguyen NT, et al. Development and evaluation of a single-step duplex PCR for simultaneous detection of Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica (family Fasciolidae, class Trematoda, phylum Platyhelminthes)[J]. J ClinMicrobiol, 2012, 50(8): 2720-6.
[46] Alasaad S, Soriguer R C, Abu-Madi M, et al. A fluorescence-based polymerase chain reaction-linked single-strand conformation polymorphism (F-PCR-SSCP) assay for the identification of Fasciola spp[J]. Parasitol Res, 2011, 108(6): 1513-7.
[47] Dar Y, Amer S, Courtioux B, et al. Microsatellite analysis of Fasciola spp. in Egypt[J]. Parasitol Res, 2011, 109(6): 1741-4.
[48] Li G, Quiros C F. Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP), a new marker system based on a simple PCR reaction: its application to mapping and gene tagging in Brassica[J]. Theor Appl Genet , 2001, 103(2-3): 455-61.
[49] Li Q Y, Dong S J, Zhang W Y, et al. Sequence‐related amplified polymorphism, an effective molecular approach for studying genetic variation in Fasciola spp. of human and animal health significance[J]. Electrophoresis, 2010, 30(2): 403-9.
[50] Adlard R D, Barker S C, Blair D, et al. Comparison of the second internal transcribed spacer (Ribosomal DNA) from populations and species of fasciolidae (Digenea)[J]. Int J Parasitol, 1993, 23(3): 423.
[51] Itagaki T, Tsutsumi K I, Ito K, et al. Taxonomic status of the Japanese triploid forms of Fasciola: comparison of mitochondrial ND1 and COI sequences with F. hepatica and F. gigantica[J]. J Parasitol, 1998, 84(2): 445-8.
[52] Miyazaki T, Kobayashi T. Visualization of the dynamic behavior of ribosomal RNA gene repeats in living yeast cells[J]. Genes Cells, 2011, 16(5): 491-502.
[2] Mohammad Alizadeh AH, Roshani M, Lahmi F,et al. Cholangiocarcinoma in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and fascioliasis in endoscopic ultrasonography[J]. Case Rep Gastroenterol, 2011, 5(3): 569-77.
[3] Mas‐Coma S, Valero M A, Bargues M D. Chapter 2 fasciola , lymnaeids and human fascioliasis, with a global overview on disease transmission, epidemiology, evolutionary genetics, molecular epidemiology and control[J]. Adv Parasitol, 2009, 69(Chapter 2): 41-146.
[4] 黄维义, 张为宇, 吴文德. 两种片形吸虫感染山羊的对比试验[J]. 中国兽医杂志, 2006, 42(2):12-14.
[5] Yadav S C, Sharma R L, Kalicharan A, et al. Primary experimental infection of riverine buffaloes with Fasciola gigantica[J]. Vet Parasitol, 1999, 82(4): 285.
[6] Long C, Daugschies A, Wang B Y, et al. Blood eicosanoids and immune indices during fasciolosis in water buffaloes[J]. Parasitol Int, 2000, 49(4): 273-8.
[7] Robinson M W, Trudgett A, Hoey E M, et al. Triclabendazole-resistant Fasciola hepatica: beta-tubulin and response to in vitro treatment with triclabendazole[J]. Parasitology, 2002, 124(Pt 3): 325-38.
[8] Amer S, Dar Y, Ichikawa M, et al. Identification of fasciola species isolated from Egypt based on sequence analysis of genomic (ITS1 and ITS2) and mitochondrial (NDI and COI) gene markers[J]. Parasitol Int, 2011, 60(1): 5-12.
[9] Liu G H, Gasser R B, Young N D, et al. Complete mitochondrial genomes of the 'intermediate form' of Fasciola and Fasciola gigantica, and their comparison with F. hepatica[J]. Parasit Vectors, 2014, 7(1): 150.
[10] Afshan K, Valero M A, Qayyum M, et al. Phenotypes of intermediate forms of Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica in buffaloes from Central Punjab, Pakistan[J]. J Helminthol, 2014, 88(4): 417-26.
[11] Ichikawa M, Iwata N, Itagaki T. DNA types of aspermic Fasciola species in Japan[J]. J Vet Med Sci, 2010, 72(10): 1371-4.
[12] Periago M V, Valero M A, Sayed M E, et al. First phenotypic description of Fasciola gigantica intermediate forms from the human endemic area of the Nile Delta, Egypt[J]. Infect Genet Evol , 2008, 8(1): 51-58.
[13] Lin R Q, Dong S J, Nie K, et al. Sequence analysis of the first internal transcribed spacer of rDNA supports the existence of the intermediate Fasciola between F. hepatica and F. gigantica in mainland China[J]. Parasitol Res, 2007, 101(3): 813-7.
[14] Ashrafi K, Valero M A, Panova M, et al. Phenotypic analysis of adults of Fasciola hepatica, Fasciola gigantica and intermediate forms from the endemic region of Gilan, Iran[J]. Parasitol Int, 2006, 55(4): 249-60.
[15] Fletcher H L, Hoey E M, Orr N, et al. The occurrence and significance of triploidy in the liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica[J]. Parasitology, 2004, 128(Pt 1): 69.
[16] Sakaguchi Y. Karyotype and gametogenesis of the common liver fluke, Fasciola sp, in Japan[J]. Japan J Parasitol, 1980, 29(6): 507-13.
[17] Itagaki T, Tsutsumi K. Triploid form of Fasciola in Japan: genetic relationships between Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica determined by ITS-2 sequence of nuclear rDNA[J]. Int J Parasitol, 1998, 28(5): 777.
[18] 李国清, 靳家声, 王佩雅. 肝片吸虫染色体的研究[J]. 中国兽医科学, 1988, 4(6): 13-18.
[19] 李杰华, 何麟. 肝片形吸虫的减数分裂与核型[J]. 南方医科大学学报, 1988, 8(1): 53-6.
[20] 尹怀志. 两种片形吸虫鉴别与比较[J]. 海峡预防医学杂志, 1995,1(1): 24-5.
[21] 尹怀志. 片形吸虫染色体研究的新发现[J]. 福建师范大学学报(自然科学版), 1988, 4(2): 117-8.
[22] Agatsuma T, Terasaki K, Yang L, et al. Genetic variation in the triploids of Japanese Fasciola species, and relationships with other species in the genus[J]. J Helminthol, 1994, 68(3): 181-6.
[23] Rickard L G, Hoberg E P, Mulrooney D M, et al. Isoelectric focusing of soluble proteins in the characterization of species and isolates of Nematodirus (Nematoda: Trichostrongyloidea)[J]. J Parasitol, 1997, 83(5): 895-901.
[24] Johnson M R, Hoberg E P. Differentiation of Moniezia expansa and Moniezia benedeni (Eucestoda: Cyclophyllidea) by isoelectric focusing[J]. Can J Zool, 1989, 67(6): 1471-5.
[25] Bylund G, Djupsund B M. Protein profiles as an aid to taxonomy in the genus Diphyllobothrium[J]. Z Parasitenkd, 1977, 51(3): 241-7.
[26] Lotfy W M, El-Morshedy H N, Abou E-H M, et al. Identification of the Egyptian species of Fasciola[J]. Vet Parasitol, 2002, 103(4): 323-32.
[27] Lee C G, Zimmerman G L. Banding patterns of Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica (Trematoda) by isoelectric focusing[J]. J Parasitol, 1993, 79(1): 120-3.
[28] Lee C G, Zimmerman G L, Bishop J K. Host influence on the banding profiles of whole-body protein and excretory-secretory product of Fasciola hepatica (trematoda) by isoelectric focusing[J]. Vet Parasitol, 1992, 41(1-2): 57-68.
[29] Elder J F, Turner B J. Concerted evolution of repetitive DNA sequences in eukaryotes [Review][J]. Q Rev Biol , 1996, 70(3): 297-320.
[30] Liao D . Concerted evolution: molecular mechanism and biological implications[J]. Am J f Hum Genet , 1999, 64(1): 24-30.
[31] lvarez I, Wendel J F. Ribosomal ITS sequences and plant phylogenetic inference[J]. Mol Phylogenet Evol , 2003, 29(3): 417-34.
[32] Huang W Y, He B, Wang C R, et al. Characterisation of Fasciola species from Mainland China by ITS-2 ribosomal DNA sequence[J]. Vet Parasitol, 2004, 120(1-2): 75-83.
[33] Terasaki K, Akahane H, Habe S, et al. The geographical distribution of common liver flukes (the genus Fasciola) with normal and abnormal spermatogenesis[J]. Nihon Juigaku Zasshi, 1982, 44(2): 223-31.
[34] Terasaki K, Moriyama-Gonda N, Noda Y. Abnormal spermatogenesis in the common liver fluke (Fasciola sp.) from Japan and Korea[J]. J Vet Med Sci, 1998, 60(12): 1305.
[35] Itagaki T, Kikawa M, Terasaki K, et al. Molecular characterization of parthenogenic Fasciola sp. in Korea on the basis of DNA sequences of ribosomal ITS1 and mitochondrial NDI gene[J]. J Vet Med Sci, 2005, 67(11): 1115-8.
[36] Shoriki T, Ichikawaseki M, Suganuma K, et al. Novel methods for the molecular discrimination of Fasciola spp. on the basis of nuclear protein-coding genes[J]. Parasitol Int, 2016, 65(3): 180-3.
[37] Agrawal S , Guevara M , Verma S P. Tectonic discrimination of basic and ultrabasic volcanic rocks through log-transformed ratios of immobile trace elements[J]. Int Geol Rev, 2008, 50(12): 1057-79.
[38] Toledo A, Martínsánchez J, Pesson B, et al. Genetic variability within the species Leishmania infantum by RAPD. A lack of correlation with zymodeme structure[J]. Mol Biochem Parasitol, 2002, 119(2): 257-64.
[39] Tur?eková , nábel V, Dubinsk? P. Genetic variants of Echinococcus granulosus in Slovakia recorded by random amplification of polymorphic DNA[J]. Helminthologia, 1998, 35(4): 179-83.
[40] Scott J C, Mcmanus D P. The random amplification of polymorphic DNA can discriminate species and strains of Echinococcus[J]. Trop Med Parasitol,1994, 45(1): 1-4.
[41] Barral V, This P, Imbertestablet D, et al. Genetic variability and evolution of the Schistosoma genome analysed by using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers[J]. Mol Biochem Parasitol, 1993, 59(2): 211.
[42] Mcgarry J W, Ortiz P L, Hodgkinson J E, et al. PCR-based differentiation of Fasciola species (Trematoda: Fasciolidae), using primers based on RAPD-derived sequences[J]. Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 2007, 101(5): 415-21.
[43] 胥全彬, 沈永林, Daugschies A. 片形吸虫DNA随机扩增多态性分析[J]. 中国兽医学报, 2001, 21(5): 443-6.
[44] Chamberlain J S, Gibbs R A, Ranier J E, et al. Deletion screening of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy locus via multiplex DNA amplification[J]. Nucleic Acids Res, 1988, 16(23): 11141-56.
[45] Le TH, Nguyen KT, Nguyen NT, et al. Development and evaluation of a single-step duplex PCR for simultaneous detection of Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica (family Fasciolidae, class Trematoda, phylum Platyhelminthes)[J]. J ClinMicrobiol, 2012, 50(8): 2720-6.
[46] Alasaad S, Soriguer R C, Abu-Madi M, et al. A fluorescence-based polymerase chain reaction-linked single-strand conformation polymorphism (F-PCR-SSCP) assay for the identification of Fasciola spp[J]. Parasitol Res, 2011, 108(6): 1513-7.
[47] Dar Y, Amer S, Courtioux B, et al. Microsatellite analysis of Fasciola spp. in Egypt[J]. Parasitol Res, 2011, 109(6): 1741-4.
[48] Li G, Quiros C F. Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP), a new marker system based on a simple PCR reaction: its application to mapping and gene tagging in Brassica[J]. Theor Appl Genet , 2001, 103(2-3): 455-61.
[49] Li Q Y, Dong S J, Zhang W Y, et al. Sequence‐related amplified polymorphism, an effective molecular approach for studying genetic variation in Fasciola spp. of human and animal health significance[J]. Electrophoresis, 2010, 30(2): 403-9.
[50] Adlard R D, Barker S C, Blair D, et al. Comparison of the second internal transcribed spacer (Ribosomal DNA) from populations and species of fasciolidae (Digenea)[J]. Int J Parasitol, 1993, 23(3): 423.
[51] Itagaki T, Tsutsumi K I, Ito K, et al. Taxonomic status of the Japanese triploid forms of Fasciola: comparison of mitochondrial ND1 and COI sequences with F. hepatica and F. gigantica[J]. J Parasitol, 1998, 84(2): 445-8.
[52] Miyazaki T, Kobayashi T. Visualization of the dynamic behavior of ribosomal RNA gene repeats in living yeast cells[J]. Genes Cells, 2011, 16(5): 491-502.