太岳山3种林型碳储量及其空间分配格局
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摘要
以山西太岳山自然保护区油松林(Pinustabulaeformis forest,PF)、辽东栎林(Quercusliaotungesis forest,QF)、油松辽东栎混交林(mixed forest,MF)为研究对象,计算了3种林分类型的碳储量及其在乔木层、灌木层、草本层、地表凋落物和0~20 cm土层中的分配比例.结果表明:PF、QF和MF的碳储量分别为123.01、153.53、132.93 t·hm~(-2),其地上碳储量分别占总碳储量的70.83%、60.94%、57.50%;地上碳储量以乔木层最高,其占总碳储量的比例在PF、QF、MF中分别是65.96%、58.07%、54.01%;3种林型灌木、草本和地表凋落物的碳储量较少,占总碳储量的比例不到5%;PF、QF、MF、0~20 cm土层有机碳储量分别为57.88、54.07、33.45 t·hm~(-2),占总有机碳储量的比例分别为33.04%、36.43%和23.85%;根系碳储量在PF、QF和MF中分别为2.04、1.92、1.49 t·hm~(-2),占其总碳储量的1.74%、1.26%、1.19%.太岳山3种林分类型碳储量的空间分配格局为地上乔木层、表层土壤、根系中的碳储量比例约为6∶3∶1.
Carbon( C) storage and its distribution among aboveground parts,including tree,shrub,herb layers,floor litter,and soils in the depth of 0-20 cm were investigated in Pinustabulaeformis forest( PF),Quercusliaotungesis forest( QF),and PF × QF mixed forest( MF) in Taiyue natural reserve. Results showed that total C stock averaged at 123.01,153.53,132.93 t·hm~(-2) in PF,QF,and MF,respectively,with C stock of aboveground parts accounting for 70. 83%,60. 94%,57. 50% of the total. And aboveground C stock most enriched in tree layer,peaking at 65.96%,58.07%,and 54.01% in PF,QF,and MF,respectively. Total C stock for shrub and herb layers and floor litter was less than 5% for each forest type. When it comes to underground part,C stock of soil in the depth of 0-20 cm was 33. 45,54. 07,57. 88 t · hm~(-2) in PF,MF,and QF,reaching 23. 58%,36. 43% and 33.04% of total C stock. Carbon stock for root was 2.04,1.92,1.49 t·hm~(-2) for PF,QF and MF,accounting for 1.74%,1.26%,1.19% of total C stock. Generally,C stock ratio among aboveground arborous layer,surface soil and root was 6 ∶ 3 ∶ 1 in temperate forest ecosystem in Taiyue Mountain.
Carbon( C) storage and its distribution among aboveground parts,including tree,shrub,herb layers,floor litter,and soils in the depth of 0-20 cm were investigated in Pinustabulaeformis forest( PF),Quercusliaotungesis forest( QF),and PF × QF mixed forest( MF) in Taiyue natural reserve. Results showed that total C stock averaged at 123.01,153.53,132.93 t·hm~(-2) in PF,QF,and MF,respectively,with C stock of aboveground parts accounting for 70. 83%,60. 94%,57. 50% of the total. And aboveground C stock most enriched in tree layer,peaking at 65.96%,58.07%,and 54.01% in PF,QF,and MF,respectively. Total C stock for shrub and herb layers and floor litter was less than 5% for each forest type. When it comes to underground part,C stock of soil in the depth of 0-20 cm was 33. 45,54. 07,57. 88 t · hm~(-2) in PF,MF,and QF,reaching 23. 58%,36. 43% and 33.04% of total C stock. Carbon stock for root was 2.04,1.92,1.49 t·hm~(-2) for PF,QF and MF,accounting for 1.74%,1.26%,1.19% of total C stock. Generally,C stock ratio among aboveground arborous layer,surface soil and root was 6 ∶ 3 ∶ 1 in temperate forest ecosystem in Taiyue Mountain.
引文
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[2]魏亚伟,周旺明,周莉,等.兴安落叶松天然林碳储量及其碳库分配特征[J].生态学报,2015,35(1):189-195.
[3]何云玲,郭宗锋,刘雪莲.四川省老君山常绿阔叶林乔木碳储量及其分布特征[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(11):1 765-1 770.
[4]魏文俊,王兵,李少宁,等.江西省森林植被乔木层碳储量与碳密度研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2007,29(5):767-772.
[5]胡海清,罗碧珍,魏书精,等.小兴安岭7种典型林型林分生物量碳密度与固碳能力[J].植物生态学报,2015,39(2):140-158.
[6]王薪琪.树种对土壤有机碳密度的影响:5种温带树种同质园试验[J].植物生态学报,2015,39(11):1 033-1 043.
[7]崔秋芳.不同林龄阶段的松栎混交人工林碳储量研究[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(12):1 944-1 949.
[8]吴鹏飞,朱波,刘世荣,等.不同林龄桤—柏混交林生态系统的碳储量及其分配[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(7):1 419-1 424.
[9]徐新良,曹明奎,李克让.中国森林生态系统植被碳储量时空动态变化研究[J].地理科学进展,2007,26(6):1-10.
[10]张治军,张小全,王彦辉,等.重庆铁山坪马尾松林生态系统碳贮量及其分配特征[J].林业科学,2009,45(5):49-53.
[11]李润强,高晋红.浅析山西灵空山省级自然保护区的保护价值[J].山西林业,2012(3):32-33.
[12]王宁.山西森林生态系统碳密度分配格局及碳储量研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2014.
[13]王效科,冯宗炜,欧阳志云.中国森林生态系统的植物碳储量和碳密度研究[J].应用生态学报,2001,12(1):13-16.
[14]DELUCA T H,BOISVENUE C.Boreal forest soil carbon:distribution,function and modelling[J].Forestry,2012,85(2):161-184.
[15]光增云.材积表实用手册[M].郑州.中原农民出版社,2000.
[16]刘国华,傅伯杰,方精云.中国森林碳动态及其对全球碳平衡的贡献[J].生态学报,2000(5):733-740.
[17]方精云,刘国华,徐嵩龄.我国森林植被的生物量和净生产量[J].生态学报,1996,16(5):497-508.
[18]FANG J Y,CHEN A P,PENG C H,et al.Changes in forest biomass carbon storage in China between 1949 and 1998[J].Science,2001,292:2 030-2 032.
[19]顾凯平,张坤,张丽霞.森林碳汇计量方法的研究[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2008,32(5):105-109.
[20]郭超,周志勇,康峰峰,等.太岳山森林碳储量随树种组成的变化规律[J].生态学杂志,2014(8):2 012-2 018.
[21]马钦彦,陈遐林,王娟,等.华北主要森林类型建群种的含碳率分析[J].北京林业大学学报,2002,24(5):97-100.
[22]方精云.中国森林生产力及全球气候变化的响应[J].植物生态学报,2000,24(5):513-517.
[23]马钦彦,谢征鸣.中国油松林储碳量基本估计[J].北京林业大学学报,1996,18(3):31-34.
[24]HOUGHTON R A,SKOLE D L,NOBRE C A,et al.Annual fluxes of carbon from deforestation and regrowth in the Brazilian Amazon[J].Nature,2000,403:301-304.
[25]陈遐林,马钦彦,康峰峰,等.山西太岳山典型灌木林生物量及生产力研究[J].林业科学研究,2002,15(3):304-309.
[26]宋娅丽,韩海荣,康峰峰.山西太岳山不同林龄油松林生物量及碳储量研究[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(1):29-33.
[27]刘冰燕.陕西省森林生态系统碳储量特征研究[D].杨陵:西北农林科技大学,2015.
[28]俞艳霞,张建军,王孟本.山西省森林植被碳储量及其动态变化研究[J].林业资源管理,2008,6:35-39.
[29]迟璐,王百田,曹晓阳,等.2014山西中部油松生态系统碳储量研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,28:81-85.
[30]张全智,王传宽.6种温带森林碳密度与碳分配[J].中国科学:生命科学,2010(40):621-631.
[31]WANG X L,ZHAO J,WU J P,et al.Impacts of understory species removal and/or addition on soil respiration in a mixed forest plantation with native species in southern China[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2011,261:1 053-1 060.
[32]王文静,王百田,吕钊,等.山西太岳山不同林分土壤有机碳储量研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2013,27(1):81-85.
[33]贺亮,苏印泉,季志平,等.黄土高原沟壑区刺槐、油松人工林的碳储量及其分布特征研究[J].西北林学院学报,22(4):49-53.
[34]WANG X P,FANG J Y,ZHU B.Forest biomass and root-shoot allocation in northeast China[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2008,255(12):4 007-4 020.
[35]JACKSON R B,CANADELL J,EHLERINGER J R,et al.A global analysis of root distributions for terrestrial biomes[J].Oecologia,1996,108:389-411.