绝缘管型母线的行业现状分析及关键技术展望
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摘要
绝缘管型母线作为一种新型的低压侧电流输送设备,以其独特优势使其近年来的使用量迅猛增长,但该类设备应用中频繁发生的故障及其造成的不良后果严重制约了进一步推广。通过对绝缘管型母线生产厂家、应用方及相关文献的广泛调研,总结了该类设备行业现状、设备技术特点,分析了应用中出现的典型故障,归纳了该类设备生产、应用环节存在的共性问题,并据此展望解决上述问题所需开展研究的关键技术。绝缘管型母线的特性适用于各用电行业对低压侧电流输送大容量、高安全性和灵活性的需求;中国的该类设备的生产、应用和研究尚属起步阶段,运行中的常见故障暴露出行业对绝缘管型母线的设计、生产、安装、运行和全过程检测等方面均存在不足,必须从技术水平和管理制度上寻求优化产品和提高产品运行可靠性的方法。
As a new type of current-conveying equipment at low voltage side, insulated tubular busbar has been increasing rapidly in recent years for its unique advantages. However, the frequent failures and adverse consequences in the application of this kind of equipment have seriously restricted its further extension. Based on extensive investigation of the manufacturers, applications and related documents of insulated tubular busbar, this paper summarizes the industry status and the technological characteristics of this equipment, analyzes the typical failure in the application, sums up the common problems in the production and application of this kind of equipment, and proposes the key technologies which should be researched in the future to solve the above problems. This article proposes that, the characteristics of the insulated tubular busbar exactly meets the needs of high-capacity, high safety level and flexibility for current-carrying which are demanded by the industry customers; the manufacture,the application of this kind of equipment and the related researches have just started in China; the common failures in the operation reveal that there are quite deficiencies in the aspects of design, manufacture, assembling, operation and test during whole processes of the insulated tubular busbar; and methods in the aspects of engineering level and management system should be developed to optimize the equipment and improve its operating reliability.
As a new type of current-conveying equipment at low voltage side, insulated tubular busbar has been increasing rapidly in recent years for its unique advantages. However, the frequent failures and adverse consequences in the application of this kind of equipment have seriously restricted its further extension. Based on extensive investigation of the manufacturers, applications and related documents of insulated tubular busbar, this paper summarizes the industry status and the technological characteristics of this equipment, analyzes the typical failure in the application, sums up the common problems in the production and application of this kind of equipment, and proposes the key technologies which should be researched in the future to solve the above problems. This article proposes that, the characteristics of the insulated tubular busbar exactly meets the needs of high-capacity, high safety level and flexibility for current-carrying which are demanded by the industry customers; the manufacture,the application of this kind of equipment and the related researches have just started in China; the common failures in the operation reveal that there are quite deficiencies in the aspects of design, manufacture, assembling, operation and test during whole processes of the insulated tubular busbar; and methods in the aspects of engineering level and management system should be developed to optimize the equipment and improve its operating reliability.
引文
[1]周远翔,赵健康,刘睿,等.高压/超高压电力电缆关键技术分析及展望[J].高电压技术,2014,40(9):2593-2612.ZHOU Yuanxiang,ZHAO Jiankang,LIU Rui,et al.Key technical analysis and prospect of high voltage and extra-high voltage power cable[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(9):2593-2612.
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[3]张星海,刘凤莲,邓元实,等.35 k V绝缘管型母线运行异常分析及结构探讨[J].高压电器,2016,52(1):190-197,203.ZHANG Xinghai,LIU Fenglian,DENG Yuanshi,et al.Analysis on abnormal operation and structure of a 35 k V insulating tubular bus bar[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2016,52(1):190-197,203.
[4]张北宁.管形绝缘母线和矩形铜排母线性能比较及应用[J].水电与新能源,2010,92(6):60-64.ZHANG Beining.Comparison of characteristics of insulated tubular copper busbar and rectangular copper busbar and their application[J].Hydropower and New Energy,2010,92(6):60-64.
[5]邓显波,欧阳本红,孔祥海,等.大截面高压电缆导体交流电阻的优化[J].高电压技术,2016,42(2):522-527.DENG Xianbo,OUYANG Benhong,KONG Xianghai,et al.Optimization of AC resistance of large cross-section high-voltage cable conductor[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(2):522-527.
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[7]陈贤熙,李国伟.一起变压器变低全绝缘管型母线绝缘缺陷综合分析[J].中国电业(技术版),2014(11):25-28.CHEN Xianxi,LI Guowei.Synthetical analysis of a transformer low voltage side insulated tubular busbar fault[J].China Electric Power(Technology Edition),2014(11):25-28.
[8]赵志刚,李光范,李金忠,等.基于有限元法的大型电力变压器抗短路能力分析[J].高电压技术,2014,40(10):3214-3220.ZHAO Zhigang,LI Guangfan,LI Jinzhong,et al.Analyzing the short-cinuit withstanding ability of large power transformer based the FEM method[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(10):3214-3220.
[9]卓金玉.电力电缆设计原理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1999:78-93.
[10]刘子玉.电气绝缘结构设计原理(上册,电力电缆)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1981:271-275.
[11]MOSKVICHEV E V,FILIPPOVA Y F,EREMIN N V.Research tasks of mechanical strength and fracture of cast-resin insulated busbar systems[J].Journal of Siberian Federal University.Engineering&Technologies,2017,10(1):17-23.
[12]程欢.微孔PTFE电缆绝缘材料的制备和结构、性能的研究[D].上海:复旦大学,2009.CHENG Huan.Reasearch on the preparation,structure and performances of power cable insulation matierial of microporous polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)[D].Shanghai:Fudan Univercity,2009.
[13]赵凯,党智敏.四针状氧化锌晶须/聚四氟乙烯复合材料的电气性能研究[J].绝缘材料,2011,44(3):49-52.ZHAO Kai,DANG Zhimin.Electrical properties of T-Zn O_w/PTFEcomposites[J].Insulating Materials,2011,44(3):49-52.
[14]尹桂来,李建英,王诗航,等.GIS用氧化铝改性环氧浇注材料的热学与力学性能研究[J].绝缘材料,2014,47(5):50-54.YIN Guilai,LI Jianying,WANG Shihang,et al.Thermal and mechanical properties of epoxy casting materials modified by Al2O3for GIS[J].Insulating Materials,2014,47(5):50-54.
[15]张晖,阳建红,李海斌,等.湿热老化环境对环氧树脂性能影响研究[J].兵器材料科学与工程,2010,33(3):41-43.ZHANG Hui,YANG Jianhong,LI Haibin,et al.Effects of hydrothermal aging on properties of epoxy resin[J].Ordnance Material Science and Engineering,2010,33(3):41-43.
[16]张黎明,朱晓辉,王永宁,等.含缺陷PTFE绝缘管型母线模型的局部放电信号特征分析[J].电气应用,2017,36(3):18-22,73.ZHANG Liming,ZHU Xiaohui,WANG Yongning,et al.Characteristics analyses of the partial discharge signals of insulated tubular busbar models[J].Electrotechnical Application,2017,36(3):18-22,73.
[17]郑国彪.管型母线安装工艺的改进[J].中国电力,2009,42(7):80-83.ZHENG Guobiao.Technological improvement for tubular bus-bar installation[J].Electric Power,2009,42(7):80-83.
[18]张亮,李军浩,谭家勇,等.绝缘铜管母线接头处沿面局部放电特性研究[J].高压电器,2013,49(11):94-98.ZHANG Liang,LI Junhao,TAN Jiayong,et al.Characteristics of surface partial discharge on joint of insulated copper busbar[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2013,49(11):94-98.
[19]郑云海,吴奇宝,何华琴.全绝缘管母线局部放电的检测与分析诊断[J].绝缘材料,2010,43(4):63-66.ZHENG Yunhai,WU Qibao,HE Huaqin.Detecting and diagnosis of partial discharge in a fully insulated pipe type bus bar[J].Insulating Materials,2010,43(4):63-66.
[20]GAO Y,CHEN L Y,ZHANG L M,et al.PD characteristics in PTFEinsulated tubular busbar models measured with HFCT and acoustic sensor[C]//Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials.IEEE,2015:736-739.
[21]刘凤莲,薛志航,邓元实,等.绝缘管型母线运行特性及状态评估方法[J].高电压技术,2017,43(12):4088-4095.LIU Fenglian,XUE Zhihang,DENG Yuanshi,et al.Evaluation system of the operation characteristics and states of insulated tubular busbars[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(12):4088-4095.
[22]郑钏,林肖斐,沈璟,等.主变低压侧管型母线缺陷分析与运维建议[J].江西电力职业技术学院学报,2017,30(1):5-7.ZHENG Chuan,LIN Xiaofei,SHEN Jing,et al.An analysis of defects and maintenance advice for insulating tubular bus bars on low voltage side of main transformer[J].Journal of Jiangxi Vocational and Technical College of Electricity,2017,30(1):5-7.
[2]王永文.电网运行中低压电器设备故障原因分析及对策[J].现代制造技术与装备,2013(4):61-62.WANG Yongwen.Analysis and countermeasures of power grid operation of low-voltage electrical equipment failures[J].Modern Manufacturing Technology and Equipment,2013(4):61-62.
[3]张星海,刘凤莲,邓元实,等.35 k V绝缘管型母线运行异常分析及结构探讨[J].高压电器,2016,52(1):190-197,203.ZHANG Xinghai,LIU Fenglian,DENG Yuanshi,et al.Analysis on abnormal operation and structure of a 35 k V insulating tubular bus bar[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2016,52(1):190-197,203.
[4]张北宁.管形绝缘母线和矩形铜排母线性能比较及应用[J].水电与新能源,2010,92(6):60-64.ZHANG Beining.Comparison of characteristics of insulated tubular copper busbar and rectangular copper busbar and their application[J].Hydropower and New Energy,2010,92(6):60-64.
[5]邓显波,欧阳本红,孔祥海,等.大截面高压电缆导体交流电阻的优化[J].高电压技术,2016,42(2):522-527.DENG Xianbo,OUYANG Benhong,KONG Xianghai,et al.Optimization of AC resistance of large cross-section high-voltage cable conductor[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(2):522-527.
[6]杨帆,张耀东,周启义,等.一起绝缘管型母线故障的综合缺陷分析及防范措施[J].湖北电力,2015,39(8):42-44,49.YANG Fan,ZHANG Yaodong,ZHOU Qiyi,et al.Comprehensive defect analysis and preventive measures for an insulated busbar fault[J].Hubei Electric Power,2015,39(8):42-44,49.
[7]陈贤熙,李国伟.一起变压器变低全绝缘管型母线绝缘缺陷综合分析[J].中国电业(技术版),2014(11):25-28.CHEN Xianxi,LI Guowei.Synthetical analysis of a transformer low voltage side insulated tubular busbar fault[J].China Electric Power(Technology Edition),2014(11):25-28.
[8]赵志刚,李光范,李金忠,等.基于有限元法的大型电力变压器抗短路能力分析[J].高电压技术,2014,40(10):3214-3220.ZHAO Zhigang,LI Guangfan,LI Jinzhong,et al.Analyzing the short-cinuit withstanding ability of large power transformer based the FEM method[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(10):3214-3220.
[9]卓金玉.电力电缆设计原理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1999:78-93.
[10]刘子玉.电气绝缘结构设计原理(上册,电力电缆)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1981:271-275.
[11]MOSKVICHEV E V,FILIPPOVA Y F,EREMIN N V.Research tasks of mechanical strength and fracture of cast-resin insulated busbar systems[J].Journal of Siberian Federal University.Engineering&Technologies,2017,10(1):17-23.
[12]程欢.微孔PTFE电缆绝缘材料的制备和结构、性能的研究[D].上海:复旦大学,2009.CHENG Huan.Reasearch on the preparation,structure and performances of power cable insulation matierial of microporous polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)[D].Shanghai:Fudan Univercity,2009.
[13]赵凯,党智敏.四针状氧化锌晶须/聚四氟乙烯复合材料的电气性能研究[J].绝缘材料,2011,44(3):49-52.ZHAO Kai,DANG Zhimin.Electrical properties of T-Zn O_w/PTFEcomposites[J].Insulating Materials,2011,44(3):49-52.
[14]尹桂来,李建英,王诗航,等.GIS用氧化铝改性环氧浇注材料的热学与力学性能研究[J].绝缘材料,2014,47(5):50-54.YIN Guilai,LI Jianying,WANG Shihang,et al.Thermal and mechanical properties of epoxy casting materials modified by Al2O3for GIS[J].Insulating Materials,2014,47(5):50-54.
[15]张晖,阳建红,李海斌,等.湿热老化环境对环氧树脂性能影响研究[J].兵器材料科学与工程,2010,33(3):41-43.ZHANG Hui,YANG Jianhong,LI Haibin,et al.Effects of hydrothermal aging on properties of epoxy resin[J].Ordnance Material Science and Engineering,2010,33(3):41-43.
[16]张黎明,朱晓辉,王永宁,等.含缺陷PTFE绝缘管型母线模型的局部放电信号特征分析[J].电气应用,2017,36(3):18-22,73.ZHANG Liming,ZHU Xiaohui,WANG Yongning,et al.Characteristics analyses of the partial discharge signals of insulated tubular busbar models[J].Electrotechnical Application,2017,36(3):18-22,73.
[17]郑国彪.管型母线安装工艺的改进[J].中国电力,2009,42(7):80-83.ZHENG Guobiao.Technological improvement for tubular bus-bar installation[J].Electric Power,2009,42(7):80-83.
[18]张亮,李军浩,谭家勇,等.绝缘铜管母线接头处沿面局部放电特性研究[J].高压电器,2013,49(11):94-98.ZHANG Liang,LI Junhao,TAN Jiayong,et al.Characteristics of surface partial discharge on joint of insulated copper busbar[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2013,49(11):94-98.
[19]郑云海,吴奇宝,何华琴.全绝缘管母线局部放电的检测与分析诊断[J].绝缘材料,2010,43(4):63-66.ZHENG Yunhai,WU Qibao,HE Huaqin.Detecting and diagnosis of partial discharge in a fully insulated pipe type bus bar[J].Insulating Materials,2010,43(4):63-66.
[20]GAO Y,CHEN L Y,ZHANG L M,et al.PD characteristics in PTFEinsulated tubular busbar models measured with HFCT and acoustic sensor[C]//Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials.IEEE,2015:736-739.
[21]刘凤莲,薛志航,邓元实,等.绝缘管型母线运行特性及状态评估方法[J].高电压技术,2017,43(12):4088-4095.LIU Fenglian,XUE Zhihang,DENG Yuanshi,et al.Evaluation system of the operation characteristics and states of insulated tubular busbars[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(12):4088-4095.
[22]郑钏,林肖斐,沈璟,等.主变低压侧管型母线缺陷分析与运维建议[J].江西电力职业技术学院学报,2017,30(1):5-7.ZHENG Chuan,LIN Xiaofei,SHEN Jing,et al.An analysis of defects and maintenance advice for insulating tubular bus bars on low voltage side of main transformer[J].Journal of Jiangxi Vocational and Technical College of Electricity,2017,30(1):5-7.