昆明医科大学学生创业心理素质调查
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摘要
目的了解医学院校大学生创新创业心理素质的现状,找出医学院校创业心理素质的构成要素和存在问题,对医学院校创业心理素质的培养提出对策.方法采用自制调查问卷,对昆明医科大学学生进行问卷调查,并通过卡方检验等对比分析性别、专业、年级等9个不同组学生之间创业意向的差异,从而分析影响大学生创业意向的创业心理因素.结果共发放问卷1 150份,回收1 099份,有效回收率为95.6%.创业心理素质得分为(76.9±9.0)分,创业心理素质较好者仅占8.2%,对创业环境、意志因素的认识心理素质较好者仅占0.5%和15.5%.女性创业意向优于男性(P<0.001).理科学生创业意向优于文科学生(P=0.025),对创业环境认识差与对创业环境认识一般组组间P<0.005,差异有统计学意义,对创业环境认识差组的创业意向优于对创业环境认识一般组.结论学生创业心理素质差,在教学工作中应加强对医学生创业能力的培养,正确认识创业;营造良好的创业环境,加大创业政策的宣传力度,营造良好的创业环境舆论氛围;加强创业教育,完善创业课程,让学生全面了解和认知创业心理素质,激发创业动机,为创业打下基础.
Objective To investigate the status of psychological quality of college students ' innovation and entrepreneurship,identify the elements of the psychological quality and problems and countermeasures against the psychological quality training in medical schools. Methods A questionair was made and administered to Kunming Medical University students and Chi-square analysis was used to analyze the gender, major, grade, and entrepreneurial intention differences between different groups of students so as to analyze the psychological factors affecting College students ' undertaking intention. Results A total of 1150 questionnaires,1099 was recovered,the effective recovery rate was 95.6%. Psychological quality score was(76.9±9.0), good mental qualities only was8.2%, entrepreneurial environment, factors of psychological quality of good-willed persons were only 0.5% and15.5%. Female entrepreneurial intentions were better than those of men(P<0.001). Science students' undertaking intention was superior to liberal arts students(P =0.025), knowledge of entrepreneurship difference between knowledge of business groups and P<0.005,there was a statistically significant difference, about the environment worse group entrepreneurial intention superior knowledge of business groups. Conclusions As students' psychological qualities are poor,have poor psychological quality,in teaching we should strengthen the cultivation of medical students' entrepreneurial ability and correct understanding of entrepreneurship, create a good business environment,increase the entrepreneurship policy advocacy efforts, and create a good business environment and atmosphere so as to strengthen the entrepreneurship education,improve entrepreneurship courses so that students fully understand the cognitive and psychological qualities, stimulate the entrepreneurial motivation, lay the Foundation for entrepreneurship.
Objective To investigate the status of psychological quality of college students ' innovation and entrepreneurship,identify the elements of the psychological quality and problems and countermeasures against the psychological quality training in medical schools. Methods A questionair was made and administered to Kunming Medical University students and Chi-square analysis was used to analyze the gender, major, grade, and entrepreneurial intention differences between different groups of students so as to analyze the psychological factors affecting College students ' undertaking intention. Results A total of 1150 questionnaires,1099 was recovered,the effective recovery rate was 95.6%. Psychological quality score was(76.9±9.0), good mental qualities only was8.2%, entrepreneurial environment, factors of psychological quality of good-willed persons were only 0.5% and15.5%. Female entrepreneurial intentions were better than those of men(P<0.001). Science students' undertaking intention was superior to liberal arts students(P =0.025), knowledge of entrepreneurship difference between knowledge of business groups and P<0.005,there was a statistically significant difference, about the environment worse group entrepreneurial intention superior knowledge of business groups. Conclusions As students' psychological qualities are poor,have poor psychological quality,in teaching we should strengthen the cultivation of medical students' entrepreneurial ability and correct understanding of entrepreneurship, create a good business environment,increase the entrepreneurship policy advocacy efforts, and create a good business environment and atmosphere so as to strengthen the entrepreneurship education,improve entrepreneurship courses so that students fully understand the cognitive and psychological qualities, stimulate the entrepreneurial motivation, lay the Foundation for entrepreneurship.
引文
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[2]洪映君廖传景.大学生创业心理调查与对策研究[J].高校教育管理,2012,6(4):106.
[3]李鑫张博.中医类本科生就业创业心理影响因素及对策[J].内蒙古中医药,2017,7(1):99-100.
[4]丁花.大学生创业心理品质培养现状分析及路径研究[J].科教导刊,2015,6(18):30-31.
[5]王玮.浅谈大学生创业心理素质的培养:基于积极心理学的视角[J].中国成人教育,2016,3(3):1.
[6]张京晶,李燕,马晓燕,等.昆明医科大学学生学习动机与就业心理的关系[J],昆明医科大学学报,2013,34(6):168-172.
[7]刘英,马英.昆明医科大学临床医学毕业生职业胜任力现状调查报告[J],昆明医科大学学报,2013,34(9):147-150.
[8]肖为.大学生创业心理素质的培养途径研究[J].教育现代化,2017,32(7):15-16.
[9]陆梅芳,雷雪芹.大学生创业心理品质的培养路径创新--以安徽建筑大学为例[J].重庆科技学院学报(社会科学版),2017,18(1):108-120.
[10]倪伟,陈美华,李林,等.川北医学院人文社科类选修课现状及分析[J].川北医学院学报,2009,24(5):516-519.