四川石渠黄绿卷毛菇资源的适宜性区划
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摘要
黄绿卷毛菇(Floccularia luteovirens)是分布在石渠草原或高山草甸植被中稀缺的可再生生物资源,具有很高的药用价值和经济价值,但资源的数量、空间分布格局及分布适宜性需要调查分析。根据石渠县黄绿卷毛菇产区的生态环境,以海拔、年平均气温、年降水量、植被类型和土壤类型为主要区划指标,采用地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)空间分析法绘制适宜性分布图。结果表明:石渠黄绿卷毛菇主要生长在扎曲河流域的高山草甸中,分布区呈零星片状或块状,不适宜区主要为北部高原和高平原,南部通天河左岸高山;石渠黄绿卷毛菇适宜区海拔为4000～4300 m,年平均气温为-1～2℃,年降水量为500～700 mm,这3个指标能客观反映该资源的空间分布情况,预测结果与石渠各乡镇的调查结果及其产量基本一致。
Floccularia luteovirens is a rare renewable living resource distributed in the vegetation of grasslands or alpine meadows in Shiqu County.It has high medicinal and economic value,but the quantity,spatial distribution pattern and distribution suitability need to be investigated and analyzed.According to the ecoenvironments of their producing areas in Shiqu,taking altitude,annual mean temperature,annual precipitation,vegetation type and soil type as the main indicators of zoning,the comprehensive suitability of Floccularia luteovirens was analyzed by geographic information system(GIS)spatial method.Our results indicated that Floccularia luteovirens was mainly distributed in the alpine meadows of Zhaqu river basin.The distribution areas were sporadically fragment-like or square-like.The unsuitable areas were mainly distributed in the northern plateau and high altitude plain,and in the mountains on the left bank of Tongtian River in the south.The suitable growing area for Floccularia luteovirens was 4000～4300 m above sea level,with an annual average temperature of-1～2℃,and an annual precipitation of 500～700 mm.The above 3 indicators objectively reflected the spatial distribution of Floccularia luteovirens resources,and the predicted results were basically consistent with the survey results and yields of villages and towns in the producing areas.
Floccularia luteovirens is a rare renewable living resource distributed in the vegetation of grasslands or alpine meadows in Shiqu County.It has high medicinal and economic value,but the quantity,spatial distribution pattern and distribution suitability need to be investigated and analyzed.According to the ecoenvironments of their producing areas in Shiqu,taking altitude,annual mean temperature,annual precipitation,vegetation type and soil type as the main indicators of zoning,the comprehensive suitability of Floccularia luteovirens was analyzed by geographic information system(GIS)spatial method.Our results indicated that Floccularia luteovirens was mainly distributed in the alpine meadows of Zhaqu river basin.The distribution areas were sporadically fragment-like or square-like.The unsuitable areas were mainly distributed in the northern plateau and high altitude plain,and in the mountains on the left bank of Tongtian River in the south.The suitable growing area for Floccularia luteovirens was 4000～4300 m above sea level,with an annual average temperature of-1～2℃,and an annual precipitation of 500～700 mm.The above 3 indicators objectively reflected the spatial distribution of Floccularia luteovirens resources,and the predicted results were basically consistent with the survey results and yields of villages and towns in the producing areas.
引文
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[2]李传华,曲明清,曹晖,等.中国食用菌普通名名录[J].食用菌学报,2013,20(3):50-72.
[3]周劲松,盛海彦,焦迎春,等.青海野生黄绿蜜环菌生态环境及不同生态区菌株间比较[J].食用菌,2007,29(2):9-10.
[4]白世俊,包锦渊.黄绿蜜环菌有效成分的定性分析[J].北方园艺,2012(3):161-163.
[5]刁治民.青海草地黄绿蜜环菌生态学特性及营养价值的研究[J].中国食用菌,1997,16(4):21-22.
[6]李梅,刁治民.青海黄绿蜜环菌营养成分及其可持续利用研究[J].陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2008,36(增刊1):93-98.
[7]谢红民,刁治民,邓君.青藏高原黄绿蜜环菌资源现状及可持续发展的研究[J].郧阳师范高等专科学校学报,2005,25(6):67-70.
[8]陈祈磊,刁治民,韩彦艳.黄绿蜜环菌经济价值及可持续利用的探讨[J].国外医药(抗生素分册),2011,32(4):161-164,173.
[9]陈立红,阎伟,刘建.草原蘑菇圈对牧草长势影响的初步分析[J].西北植物学报,2002,22(6):1421-1425.
[10]卢素锦,李军乔,陈刚,等.青海黄绿蜜环菌植被类型及伴生植物的初步调查[J].食用菌,2006,28(3):4-5.
[11]王琰,谢占玲.不同地区黄绿卷毛菇生长发育相关植物的研究[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(6):215-218,219.
[12]王启兰,姜文波,陈波.黄绿蜜环菌蘑菇圈生长对土壤及植物群落的影响[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(3):269-272.
[13]谢荣,熊卫萍,洛桑,等.西藏黄绿蜜环菌产区出菇期气象因子分析[J].西藏农业科技,2014,36(1):40-45.
[14]谢占玲,赵联正,李椰,等.青藏高原特有种黄绿卷毛菇的地理分布与生态环境的相关性[J].生态学报,2016,36(10):2851-2857.
[15]柳焕章,王贺祥,刘庆红,等.黄绿蜜环菌菌丝体培养条件初探[J].中国食用菌,2007,26(4):16-19.
[16]魏永林.野生黄蘑菇人工栽培试验初探[J].青海气象,2002(2):19-24,35.
[17]蔡箫,张颖,王晓立.黄绿蜜环菌培养基优化及人工培养条件研究[J].安徽农学通报,2013,19(20):33-34,50.
[18]葛绍荣,刘世贵.石渠白菌的初探[J].中国食用菌,1995,14(1):29.
[19]杨春敏,胡生华,黄建初.石渠白菌母种培养条件初探[J].食用菌,2018,40(4):15-17.
[20]卜宏波,宋丽娟.“行政区划调整”视域下巢湖市网球发展研究[J].巢湖学院学报,2015,17(6):106-112.
[21]曹艳秋,邢开瑜,马联敏,等.基于GIS的凉山秋荞气候适应性区划[J].高原山地气象研究,2015,35(2):65-70.
[22]刘光孟,汪云甲,王允.反距离权重插值因子对插值误差影响分析[J].中国科技论文在线,2010,5(11):879-884.
[23]闵程程,马海龙,王新生,等.基于GIS的湖北省油菜种植气候适宜性区划[J].中国农业气象,2010,31(4):570-574.
[24]邱成.浅析四川省石渠县生物多样性的演替[J].玉溪师范学院学报,2007,23(8):60-65.
[25]胡开波.四川省石渠县土地沙化现状及治理技术研究[D].雅安:四川农业大学,2009.
[26]程晓彬,唐德华,李婷.石渠丘状高原区土壤有机质的区域分布特征[J].四川农业大学学报,2006,24(4):417-421.