模块化多电平换流器不控充电特性研究
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摘要
目前,对模块化多电平换流器(modular multilevel converter,MMC)的启动特性的研究主要集中在换流器的启动方法的研究与分析,未对换流器启动过程中换流器交/直流侧的电压及双端系统不控充电过程中的交互影响作用进行分析。从鲁西异步联网工程模块化多电平换流器的基本结构及交流侧不控充电的原理出发,详细分析了换流器单端启动过程中交/直流侧的电压及双端系统不控充电过程中的交互影响作用。分析表明,针对鲁西异步联网工程系统结构,单端不控充电过程会在直流极线上产生三次谐波;双端不控充电中,三次谐波的分布会根据两端交流系统的相角差不同而改变,同时直流电压也会根据两端交流系统的相角差不同而改变;各桥臂功率模块电压和及直流电压甚至会超过阀侧交流线电压的峰值。在PSCAD/EMTDC中搭建了鲁西异步联网柔性直流单元充电仿真模型,对鲁西异步联网工程的充电模型进行仿真研究,同时将研究结果与鲁西异步联网工程不控充电过程进行了对照分析,验证了文中推导及分析的正确性。
At present, the researches on the start-up characteristics of modular multilevel converter(MMC) mainly focus on the research and analysis of the start-up method of the converter. The AC/DC voltage and the interactive effect of the two terminal system on charging are not analyzed. Based on the basic structure of modular multilevel converter in Luxi asynchronous interconnection project and the principle of uncontrolled charging on the AC side, the voltage of AC/DC side and the interaction effect between two terminal systems during the uncontrolled charging process are analyzed in detail. The analysis shows that according to the Luxi asynchronous networking system structure,the one terminal uncontrolled charging process will generate the third harmonic on the DC polar line. In the two terminals uncontrolled charging, the distribution of the third harmonic will be determined according to the phase difference between the two terminals of the AC system and the DC voltage will also change according to the phase difference between the two terminal of the AC system; the sum voltage of power modules in the each bridge arm and the DC voltage may even exceed the peak value of the AC line voltage on the valve side.The charging simulation model for VSCHVDC of Luxi asynchronous network project is established in PSCAD/EMTDC. Through the simulation research on the charging model of Luxi asynchronous network project,the research results are compared with the uncontrolled charging process of Luxi asynchronous network project.verified the correctness of the analysis is derived in this paper.
At present, the researches on the start-up characteristics of modular multilevel converter(MMC) mainly focus on the research and analysis of the start-up method of the converter. The AC/DC voltage and the interactive effect of the two terminal system on charging are not analyzed. Based on the basic structure of modular multilevel converter in Luxi asynchronous interconnection project and the principle of uncontrolled charging on the AC side, the voltage of AC/DC side and the interaction effect between two terminal systems during the uncontrolled charging process are analyzed in detail. The analysis shows that according to the Luxi asynchronous networking system structure,the one terminal uncontrolled charging process will generate the third harmonic on the DC polar line. In the two terminals uncontrolled charging, the distribution of the third harmonic will be determined according to the phase difference between the two terminals of the AC system and the DC voltage will also change according to the phase difference between the two terminal of the AC system; the sum voltage of power modules in the each bridge arm and the DC voltage may even exceed the peak value of the AC line voltage on the valve side.The charging simulation model for VSCHVDC of Luxi asynchronous network project is established in PSCAD/EMTDC. Through the simulation research on the charging model of Luxi asynchronous network project,the research results are compared with the uncontrolled charging process of Luxi asynchronous network project.verified the correctness of the analysis is derived in this paper.
引文
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[7]徐政,屠卿瑞,裘鹏.从2010国际大电网会议看直流输电技术的发展方向[J].高电压技术,2010,36(12):3070-3077.XU Zheng, TU Qingrui, QIU Peng. New trends in HVDC technology viewed through CIGRE 2010[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(12):3070-3077.
[8]杨晓峰,郑琼林,薛尧,等.模块化多电平换流器的拓扑和工业应用综述[J].电网技术,2016,40(1):1-10.YANG Xiaofeng, ZHENG Qionglin, XUE Yao, et al. Review on topology and industry applications of modular multilevel converter[J]. Power System Technology, 2016, 40(1):1-10.
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[10]赵岩,胡学浩,汤广福,等.模块化多电平变流器HVDC输电系统控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(25):35-42.ZHAO Yan, HU Xuehao, TANG Guangfu, et al. Control strategy of modular multilevel converters based hvdc transmission[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2011,31(25):35-42.
[11] AKAGI H. Classification, terminology, and application of the modular multilevel cascade converter(MMCC)[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2011, 26(11):3119-3130.
[12]胡鹏飞,江道灼,周月宾,等.模块化多电平换流器子模块故障冗余容错控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(15):66-70.HU Pengfei, JIANG Daozhuo,ZHOU Yuebin,et al. Redundancy fault-tolerated control strategy for sub-module faults of modular multilevel converters[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2013,37(15):66-70.
[13] GONG W M,HU S J,SHAN M,et al. Robust current control design of a three phase voltage source converter[J]. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 2014,2(1):16-22.
[14]刘普,王跃,雷万钧,等.模块化多电平变流器桥臂电感参数设计[J].电网技术,2015,39(6):1665-1671.LIU Pu, WANG Yue, LEI Wanjun, et al. Parameter designing of arm reactor for modular multilevel converter[J]. Power System Technology, 2015,39(6):1665-1671.
[15]杨文博,宋强,刘文华,等.降低模块化多电平换流器子模块电容值的控制方法[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(16):86-94.YANG Wenbo,SONG Qing,LIU Wenhua, et al. A control strategy for reducing submodule capacitance value of modular multilevel converter[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2015,39(16):86-94.
[16]王姗姗,周孝信,汤广福,等.模块化多电平换流器HVDC直流双极短路子模块过电流分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(1):1-7.WANG Shanshan, ZHOU Xiaoxin, TANG Guangfu, et al.Analysis of submodule overcurrent caused by DC pole-topole fault in modular multilevel converter HVDC system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(1):1-7.
[17]刘栋,汤广福,贺之渊,等.模块化多电平柔性直流输电数字-模拟混合实时仿真技术[J].电力自动化设备,2013,33(2):68-73.LIU Dong,TANG Guangfu,HE Zhiyuan,et al. Hybrid realtimesimulation technology for MMC-HVDC[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2013,33(2):68-73.
[18] DAS A, NADEMI H, NORUM L. A method for charging and discharging capacitors in modular multilevel converter[C]//Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. Melbourne:IEEE, 2011:1058-1062.
[19]孔明,邱宇峰,贺之渊,等.模块化多电平式柔性直流输电换流器的预充电控制策略[J].电网技术,,2011,35(11):67-73.KONG Ming,QIU Yufeng,HE Zhiyuan,et al. Pre-charging control strategies of modular multilevel converter for VSCHVDC[J]. Power System Technology, 2011,35(11):67-73.
[20]周月宾,江道灼,郭捷,等.模块化多电平换流器型直流输电系统的启停控制[J].电网技术,2012, 36(3):204-209.ZHOU Yuebin, JIANG Daozhuo, GUO Jie, et al. Start/stopcontrol of modular multilevel converter based HVDC transmission system[J]. Power System Technology, 2012, 36(3):204-209.
[21]任涛,张杰,唐剑钊,等.MMC-HVDC模块电容器预充电策略及仿真分析[J].电力系统能够及其自动化学报,2013 25(5):144-148.REN Tao, ZHANG Jie,TANG Jianzhao,et al. MMC-HVDC charging strategy research and simulation analysis[J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA, 2013,25(5):144-148.
[22]薛英林,徐政.基于箱位双子模块的MMC-HVDC起动控制策略[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(11):1-7.XUE Yinglin, XU Zheng. Start control for the MMC-HVDC system based on clamp double submodule[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(11):1-7.
[23]冯明,李兴源,李宽.多端柔性直流输电系统启动控制及其仿真[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(14):60-65.FENG Ming, LI Xingyuan, LI Kuan. Control and simulation of VSC-MTDC start-up procedure[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(14):60-65.
[2]徐政,屠卿瑞,管敏渊,等.柔性直流输电系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2012:1-25.XU Zheng,TU Qingrui,GUAN Minyuan,et al. Voltage source converter based hvdc power transmission systems[M]. Beijing:China Machine Press,2012:1-25.
[3]汤广福,贺之渊,庞辉.柔性直流输电工程技术研究、应用及发展[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(15):3-14.TANG Guangfu, HE Zhiyuan, PANG Hui. Research,application and development of VSC-HVDC engineering technology[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2013,37(15):3-14.
[4]徐政,薛英林,张哲任.大容量架空线柔性直流输电关键技术及前景展望[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(29):1-12.XU Zheng, XUE Yinglin, ZHANG Zheren. SC-HVDC technology suitable for bulk power overhead line transmis-sion[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014,34(29):1-12.
[5] LESNICAR A, MARQUARDT R. An innovative modular multilevel converter topology suitable for a wide[C]//IEEE Conference on Power Technology. Bologna, Italy:IEEE,2003:1-6.
[6]胡航海,李敬如,杨卫红,等.柔性直流输电技术的发展与展望[J].电力建设,2011,32(5):62-66.HU Hanghai, LI Jingru, YANG Weihong, et al. The development and prospect of HVDC flexible technology[J].Electric Power Construction, 2011,32(5):62-66.
[7]徐政,屠卿瑞,裘鹏.从2010国际大电网会议看直流输电技术的发展方向[J].高电压技术,2010,36(12):3070-3077.XU Zheng, TU Qingrui, QIU Peng. New trends in HVDC technology viewed through CIGRE 2010[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(12):3070-3077.
[8]杨晓峰,郑琼林,薛尧,等.模块化多电平换流器的拓扑和工业应用综述[J].电网技术,2016,40(1):1-10.YANG Xiaofeng, ZHENG Qionglin, XUE Yao, et al. Review on topology and industry applications of modular multilevel converter[J]. Power System Technology, 2016, 40(1):1-10.
[9] FRANQUELO L G,RODRIGUEZ J,LEON J I,et al. The age of multi-level converters arrives[J]. IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine,2008,2(2):28-39.
[10]赵岩,胡学浩,汤广福,等.模块化多电平变流器HVDC输电系统控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(25):35-42.ZHAO Yan, HU Xuehao, TANG Guangfu, et al. Control strategy of modular multilevel converters based hvdc transmission[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2011,31(25):35-42.
[11] AKAGI H. Classification, terminology, and application of the modular multilevel cascade converter(MMCC)[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2011, 26(11):3119-3130.
[12]胡鹏飞,江道灼,周月宾,等.模块化多电平换流器子模块故障冗余容错控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(15):66-70.HU Pengfei, JIANG Daozhuo,ZHOU Yuebin,et al. Redundancy fault-tolerated control strategy for sub-module faults of modular multilevel converters[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2013,37(15):66-70.
[13] GONG W M,HU S J,SHAN M,et al. Robust current control design of a three phase voltage source converter[J]. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 2014,2(1):16-22.
[14]刘普,王跃,雷万钧,等.模块化多电平变流器桥臂电感参数设计[J].电网技术,2015,39(6):1665-1671.LIU Pu, WANG Yue, LEI Wanjun, et al. Parameter designing of arm reactor for modular multilevel converter[J]. Power System Technology, 2015,39(6):1665-1671.
[15]杨文博,宋强,刘文华,等.降低模块化多电平换流器子模块电容值的控制方法[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(16):86-94.YANG Wenbo,SONG Qing,LIU Wenhua, et al. A control strategy for reducing submodule capacitance value of modular multilevel converter[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2015,39(16):86-94.
[16]王姗姗,周孝信,汤广福,等.模块化多电平换流器HVDC直流双极短路子模块过电流分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(1):1-7.WANG Shanshan, ZHOU Xiaoxin, TANG Guangfu, et al.Analysis of submodule overcurrent caused by DC pole-topole fault in modular multilevel converter HVDC system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(1):1-7.
[17]刘栋,汤广福,贺之渊,等.模块化多电平柔性直流输电数字-模拟混合实时仿真技术[J].电力自动化设备,2013,33(2):68-73.LIU Dong,TANG Guangfu,HE Zhiyuan,et al. Hybrid realtimesimulation technology for MMC-HVDC[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2013,33(2):68-73.
[18] DAS A, NADEMI H, NORUM L. A method for charging and discharging capacitors in modular multilevel converter[C]//Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. Melbourne:IEEE, 2011:1058-1062.
[19]孔明,邱宇峰,贺之渊,等.模块化多电平式柔性直流输电换流器的预充电控制策略[J].电网技术,,2011,35(11):67-73.KONG Ming,QIU Yufeng,HE Zhiyuan,et al. Pre-charging control strategies of modular multilevel converter for VSCHVDC[J]. Power System Technology, 2011,35(11):67-73.
[20]周月宾,江道灼,郭捷,等.模块化多电平换流器型直流输电系统的启停控制[J].电网技术,2012, 36(3):204-209.ZHOU Yuebin, JIANG Daozhuo, GUO Jie, et al. Start/stopcontrol of modular multilevel converter based HVDC transmission system[J]. Power System Technology, 2012, 36(3):204-209.
[21]任涛,张杰,唐剑钊,等.MMC-HVDC模块电容器预充电策略及仿真分析[J].电力系统能够及其自动化学报,2013 25(5):144-148.REN Tao, ZHANG Jie,TANG Jianzhao,et al. MMC-HVDC charging strategy research and simulation analysis[J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA, 2013,25(5):144-148.
[22]薛英林,徐政.基于箱位双子模块的MMC-HVDC起动控制策略[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(11):1-7.XUE Yinglin, XU Zheng. Start control for the MMC-HVDC system based on clamp double submodule[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(11):1-7.
[23]冯明,李兴源,李宽.多端柔性直流输电系统启动控制及其仿真[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(14):60-65.FENG Ming, LI Xingyuan, LI Kuan. Control and simulation of VSC-MTDC start-up procedure[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(14):60-65.