顾及路网结构保持的城镇居民地自动综合
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摘要
以往居民地自动综合的研究多集中于建筑物的多边形化简,较少考虑到其与街区、道路网的联系。提出了顾及路网结构保持的城镇居民地自动综合模型,此模型包含道路选取和街区内部结构概括两方面。前者基于网眼密度并结合路划功能选取道路数据,用于街区合并;后者则主要涉及建筑物多边形化简,通过改进矩形差分组合方法,在原有面积阈值的基础上添加距离阈值,并提供新的分层化简思路。以1∶1万地图数据到1∶5万比例尺的自动综合实验验证了本文算法的可行性和有效性。
Researchs on automatic generalization of urban settlements in the past,mostly concentrated on polygon simplification,neglecting the connection with road networks and blocks.This paper presents a method for automatic generalization of urban settlements considering road networks.The generalization is split into two components:road selection and generalization of features within blocks.Selective omission of road features is based on mesh density and evaluated on the function of road sections.An improved method based on rectangle differential model is applied to polygon simplification.Experimental results with data at the 1∶10 000 scale achieved good effect.
Researchs on automatic generalization of urban settlements in the past,mostly concentrated on polygon simplification,neglecting the connection with road networks and blocks.This paper presents a method for automatic generalization of urban settlements considering road networks.The generalization is split into two components:road selection and generalization of features within blocks.Selective omission of road features is based on mesh density and evaluated on the function of road sections.An improved method based on rectangle differential model is applied to polygon simplification.Experimental results with data at the 1∶10 000 scale achieved good effect.
引文
[1]Ai Tinghua,Guo Renzhong,Chen Xiaodong.Simplification and Aggregation of Polygon Object Supported by Delaunay Triangulation Structure[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2001,6(7):703-709(艾廷华,郭仁忠,陈晓东.Delaunay三角网支持下的多边形化简与合并[J].中国图象图形学报,2001,6(7):703-709)
[2]Guo Renzhong,Ai Tinghua.Simplification and Aggregation of Building Polygon in Automatic Map Generalization[J].Journal of Wuhan Technical University of Surveying and Mapping,2000,25(1):25-30(郭仁忠,艾廷华.制图综合中建筑物多边形的合并与化简[J].武汉测绘科技大学学报,2000,25(1):25-30)
[3]Wang Huilian,Wu Fang,Zhang Linlin,et al.The Application of Mathematical Morphology and Pattern Recognition to Building Polygon Simplification[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2005,34(3):269-276(王辉连,武芳,张琳琳,等.数学形态学和模式识别在建筑物多边形化简中的应用[J].测绘学报,2005,34(3):269-276)
[4]Wang Guangxia,Yang Pei.Application of Mathematic Morphology in Uniting Blocks of Residential Area[J].Journal of Institute of Surveying and Mapping,2000,17(3):201-203(王光霞,杨培.数学形态学在居民地街区合并中的应用[J].测绘学院学报,2000,17(3):201-203)
[5]Qian Haizhong,Wu Fang,Zhu Kunpeng,et al.A Generalization Method of Street Block Based on Dimension-reducing Technique[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2007,36(1):102-107(钱海忠,武芳,朱鲲鹏,等.一种基于降维技术的街区综合方法[J].测绘学报,2007,36(1):102-107)
[6]Wu Liang,Xie Zhong,Ye Zi.A Building Polygon Generalization Algorithm Under the Road Constrain[J].Geography and Geo-information Science,2009,25(3):37-41(吴亮,谢忠,叶梓.街网约束下的城市居民地自动综合算法[J].地理与地理信息科学,2009,25(3):37-41)
[7]He Zongyi,Song Ying.General Map Complication[M].Wuhan:Wuhan University Press,2015(何宗宜,宋鹰.普通地图编制[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2015)
[8]Tian Jing,Zhang Boyu,Yang Wenyu.Gird Pattern Recognition Based on Clustering of Self-organizing Maps[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2013,38(11):1 330-1 334(田晶,张泊宇,杨雯雨.对自组织映射聚类实现道路网网格模式识别[J].武汉大学学报·信息科学版,2013,38(11):1 330-1 334)
[9]Wu Xiaofang,Du Qingyun,Xu Zhiyong.Disposal of Spatial Conflict Between Roads and Buildings Based on the Multilevel Displacement Principles[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2010,39(6):649-654(吴小芳,杜清运,徐智勇.多层次移位原则的道路与建筑物空间冲突处理[J].测绘学报,2010,39(6):649-654)
[10]Chen Yumin,Gong Jianya,Yao Ming.Research on the Optimal Path Web Services in Distributed MultiLevel Road Network[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2008,33(4):384-387(陈玉敏,龚健雅,姚明.分布式多级道路网的最优路径服务应用系统设计[J].武汉大学学报·信息科学版,2008,33(4):384-387)
[11]Li Fei,Luan Xuechen.Automatic Topology Maintenance Approach for High-level Road Networks[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2014,39(6):729-733(李飞,栾学晨.高等级道路网的拓扑自动保持方法[J].武汉大学学报·信息科学版,2014,39(6):729-733)
[12]Chen Bo,Wu Fang,Qian Haizhong.Study on Road Networks’Auto-selection Algorithms[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2008,13(12):2 388-2 393(陈波,武芳,钱海忠.道路网自动选取方法研究[J].中国图象图形学报,2008,13(12):2 388-2 393)
[13]Xu Zhu,Liu Caifeng,Zhang Hong,et al.Road Selection Based on Evaluation of Stroke Network Functionality[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2012,41(5):769-776(徐柱,刘彩凤,张红,等.基于路划网络功能评价的道路选取方法[J].测绘学报,2012,41(5):769-776)
[14]Guo Min,Qian Haizhong,Huang Zhishen,et al.Intelligent Road-network Selection Using Cases Based Reasoning[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2014,43(7):761-770(郭敏,钱海忠,黄智深,等.道路网智能选取的案例类比推理法[J].测绘学报,2014,43(7):761-770)
[15]He Zongyi.Elements and Methods of Model for Cartographical Data Processing[M].Wuhan:Wuhan University Press,2004(何宗宜.地图数据处理模型的原理与方法[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2004)
[16]Qian Haizhong,Zhang Zhao,Zhai Yinfeng,et al.Road Selection Method Based on Character Recognition,Stroke and Polarization Transformation[J].Journal of Geomatics Science and Technology,2010,27(5):371-374(钱海忠,张钊,翟银凤,等.特征识别、Stroke与极化变换结合的道路网选取[J].测绘科学技术学报,2010,27(5):371-374)
[17]Wang Jiayao,Deng Hongyan.A Model of Cartographical Generalization Based on Genetic Algorithm[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2005,30(7):565-569(王家耀,邓红艳.基于遗传算法的制图综合模型研究[J].武汉大学学报·信息科学版,2005,30(7):565-569)
[18]Hu Yungang,Chen Jun,Li Zhilin,et al.Selective Omission of Road Features Based on Mesh Density for Digital Map Generalization[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2007,36(3):351-357(胡云岗,陈军,李志林,等.基于网眼密度的道路选取方法[J].测绘学报,2007,36(3):351-357)
[19]Thomson R C,Richardson D E.The Good Continua-tion Principle of Perceptual Organization Applied to the Generalization of Road Networks[C].Proceedings of 19 th International Cartographic Conference,Ottawa,CA,1999
[20]Jiang B,Claramunt C.A Structural Approach to the Model Generalization of an Urban Street Network[J].Geo-Informatic,2004,8(2):157-171
[2]Guo Renzhong,Ai Tinghua.Simplification and Aggregation of Building Polygon in Automatic Map Generalization[J].Journal of Wuhan Technical University of Surveying and Mapping,2000,25(1):25-30(郭仁忠,艾廷华.制图综合中建筑物多边形的合并与化简[J].武汉测绘科技大学学报,2000,25(1):25-30)
[3]Wang Huilian,Wu Fang,Zhang Linlin,et al.The Application of Mathematical Morphology and Pattern Recognition to Building Polygon Simplification[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2005,34(3):269-276(王辉连,武芳,张琳琳,等.数学形态学和模式识别在建筑物多边形化简中的应用[J].测绘学报,2005,34(3):269-276)
[4]Wang Guangxia,Yang Pei.Application of Mathematic Morphology in Uniting Blocks of Residential Area[J].Journal of Institute of Surveying and Mapping,2000,17(3):201-203(王光霞,杨培.数学形态学在居民地街区合并中的应用[J].测绘学院学报,2000,17(3):201-203)
[5]Qian Haizhong,Wu Fang,Zhu Kunpeng,et al.A Generalization Method of Street Block Based on Dimension-reducing Technique[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2007,36(1):102-107(钱海忠,武芳,朱鲲鹏,等.一种基于降维技术的街区综合方法[J].测绘学报,2007,36(1):102-107)
[6]Wu Liang,Xie Zhong,Ye Zi.A Building Polygon Generalization Algorithm Under the Road Constrain[J].Geography and Geo-information Science,2009,25(3):37-41(吴亮,谢忠,叶梓.街网约束下的城市居民地自动综合算法[J].地理与地理信息科学,2009,25(3):37-41)
[7]He Zongyi,Song Ying.General Map Complication[M].Wuhan:Wuhan University Press,2015(何宗宜,宋鹰.普通地图编制[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2015)
[8]Tian Jing,Zhang Boyu,Yang Wenyu.Gird Pattern Recognition Based on Clustering of Self-organizing Maps[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2013,38(11):1 330-1 334(田晶,张泊宇,杨雯雨.对自组织映射聚类实现道路网网格模式识别[J].武汉大学学报·信息科学版,2013,38(11):1 330-1 334)
[9]Wu Xiaofang,Du Qingyun,Xu Zhiyong.Disposal of Spatial Conflict Between Roads and Buildings Based on the Multilevel Displacement Principles[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2010,39(6):649-654(吴小芳,杜清运,徐智勇.多层次移位原则的道路与建筑物空间冲突处理[J].测绘学报,2010,39(6):649-654)
[10]Chen Yumin,Gong Jianya,Yao Ming.Research on the Optimal Path Web Services in Distributed MultiLevel Road Network[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2008,33(4):384-387(陈玉敏,龚健雅,姚明.分布式多级道路网的最优路径服务应用系统设计[J].武汉大学学报·信息科学版,2008,33(4):384-387)
[11]Li Fei,Luan Xuechen.Automatic Topology Maintenance Approach for High-level Road Networks[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2014,39(6):729-733(李飞,栾学晨.高等级道路网的拓扑自动保持方法[J].武汉大学学报·信息科学版,2014,39(6):729-733)
[12]Chen Bo,Wu Fang,Qian Haizhong.Study on Road Networks’Auto-selection Algorithms[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2008,13(12):2 388-2 393(陈波,武芳,钱海忠.道路网自动选取方法研究[J].中国图象图形学报,2008,13(12):2 388-2 393)
[13]Xu Zhu,Liu Caifeng,Zhang Hong,et al.Road Selection Based on Evaluation of Stroke Network Functionality[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2012,41(5):769-776(徐柱,刘彩凤,张红,等.基于路划网络功能评价的道路选取方法[J].测绘学报,2012,41(5):769-776)
[14]Guo Min,Qian Haizhong,Huang Zhishen,et al.Intelligent Road-network Selection Using Cases Based Reasoning[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2014,43(7):761-770(郭敏,钱海忠,黄智深,等.道路网智能选取的案例类比推理法[J].测绘学报,2014,43(7):761-770)
[15]He Zongyi.Elements and Methods of Model for Cartographical Data Processing[M].Wuhan:Wuhan University Press,2004(何宗宜.地图数据处理模型的原理与方法[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2004)
[16]Qian Haizhong,Zhang Zhao,Zhai Yinfeng,et al.Road Selection Method Based on Character Recognition,Stroke and Polarization Transformation[J].Journal of Geomatics Science and Technology,2010,27(5):371-374(钱海忠,张钊,翟银凤,等.特征识别、Stroke与极化变换结合的道路网选取[J].测绘科学技术学报,2010,27(5):371-374)
[17]Wang Jiayao,Deng Hongyan.A Model of Cartographical Generalization Based on Genetic Algorithm[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2005,30(7):565-569(王家耀,邓红艳.基于遗传算法的制图综合模型研究[J].武汉大学学报·信息科学版,2005,30(7):565-569)
[18]Hu Yungang,Chen Jun,Li Zhilin,et al.Selective Omission of Road Features Based on Mesh Density for Digital Map Generalization[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2007,36(3):351-357(胡云岗,陈军,李志林,等.基于网眼密度的道路选取方法[J].测绘学报,2007,36(3):351-357)
[19]Thomson R C,Richardson D E.The Good Continua-tion Principle of Perceptual Organization Applied to the Generalization of Road Networks[C].Proceedings of 19 th International Cartographic Conference,Ottawa,CA,1999
[20]Jiang B,Claramunt C.A Structural Approach to the Model Generalization of an Urban Street Network[J].Geo-Informatic,2004,8(2):157-171