地名注记的街区式居民地边界提取方法
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摘要
针对基础地理信息数据中街区式居民地注记无对应边界范围信息的问题,该文提出了一种基于地名注记的街区式居民地边界提取方法。选取境界、道路、水系等矢量要素为约束条件,按位置提取了地名注记对应要素;根据要素提取结果计算聚合距离,以多边形聚合的方法进行制图综合,处理了可能出现的孤岛多边形及临近居民地未分割等异常情况,获得了较好的边界提取结果。实验结果表明,此方法保持了居民地的空间结构,为街区式居民地的边界提取提供了一种有效方法。
Aiming at the problem that the geographic name annotations of street-block settlements have no boundary information in fundamental geographic information database,an extraction method based on geographic name annotation was proposed in this paper.Selecting the boundaries,roads,water and other vector elements as constraints,street-block settlement boundaries was well obtained by the method of selecting geographic name annotation features by location,calculating the aggregation distance of selected features,generalizing the features by aggregating polygons,and dealing with the abnormalities of island polygons and neighboring settlements with same boundaries.The experimental results based on basic geographic information data showed that this method could keep the spatial structure of settlements,and provide an effective method for street-block settlement boundary extraction.
Aiming at the problem that the geographic name annotations of street-block settlements have no boundary information in fundamental geographic information database,an extraction method based on geographic name annotation was proposed in this paper.Selecting the boundaries,roads,water and other vector elements as constraints,street-block settlement boundaries was well obtained by the method of selecting geographic name annotation features by location,calculating the aggregation distance of selected features,generalizing the features by aggregating polygons,and dealing with the abnormalities of island polygons and neighboring settlements with same boundaries.The experimental results based on basic geographic information data showed that this method could keep the spatial structure of settlements,and provide an effective method for street-block settlement boundary extraction.
引文
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[2]祝国瑞,郭礼珍,尹贡白,等.地图设计与编绘[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2010.(ZHU Guorui,GUO Lizhen,YIN Gongbai,et al.Map design and compilation[M].Wuhan:Wuhan University Press,2010.)
[3]陈文瀚.地图道路与居民地协同综合方法研究[D].南京:南京师范大学,2011.(CHEN Wenhan.Study on cooperative map generalization method of urban roads and settlements[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Normal University,2011.)
[4]张雪.基于粗糙集的模糊地名空间建模[D].武汉:武汉大学,2014.(ZHANG Xue.Modeling method of vague place names based on rough sets[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University,2014.)
[5]艾廷华,郭仁忠,陈晓东.Delaunay三角网支持下的多边形化简与合并[J].中国图象图形学报,2001,6A(7):703-709.(AI Tinghua,GUO Renzhong,CHEN Xiaodong.Simplification and aggregation of polygon object supported by Delaunay triangulation structure[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2001,6A(7):703-709.)
[6]郭仁忠,艾廷华.制图综合中建筑物多边形的合并与化简[J].武汉测绘科技大学学报,2000,25(1):25-30.(GUO Renzhong,AI Tinghua.Simplification and aggregation of building polygon in automatic map generalization[J].Journal of Wuhan Technical University of Surveying and Mapping,2000,25(1):25-30.)
[7]王辉连,武芳,张琳琳,等.数学形态学和模式识别在建筑物多边形化简中的应用[J].测绘学报,2005,34(3):269-276.(WANG Huilian,WU Fang,ZHANG Linlin,et al.The application of mathematical morphology and pattern recognition to building polygon simplification[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2005,34(3):269-276.)
[8]国家测绘局.基础地理信息数据库基本规定:CH/T9005—2009[S].北京:测绘出版社,2009.(State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping.Basic specifications for fundamental geographic information database:CH/T 9005—2009[S].Beijing:Surveying and Mapping Press,2009.)
[9]吴亮,谢忠,叶梓.街网约束下的城市居民地自动综合算法[J].地理与地理信息科学,2009,25(3):37-41.(WU Liang,XIE Zhong,YE Zi.A building polygon generalization algorithm under the road constraint[J].Geography and Geo-Information Science,2009,25(3):37-41.)
[10]徐峥.基于ArcGIS的居民地与道路自动综合[D].武汉:武汉大学,2005.(XU Zheng.Automatic generalization of building and road based on ArcGIS[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University,2005.)
[11]GAFFURI J,TRVISAN J.Role of urban patterns for buildings generalisation:an application of AGENT[C]∥8th ICA Workshop on Generalisation and Multiple Representation.[S.l.]:[s.n.],2004.
[12]沈映政.居民地自动综合技术研究与软件开发[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2008.(SHEN Yingzheng.Automatic cartography generalization technology research and software development of residents[D].Kunming:Kunming University of Science and Technology,2008.)
[13]PAPADIAS D,THEODRIDIS Y.Spatial relations,minimum bounding rectangles,and spatial data structure[J].International Journal of Geographical Information Science,1997,11(2):111-138.
[14]闫浩文,褚衍东,杨树文,等.计算机地图制图原理与算法基础[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.(YAN Haowen,CHU Yandong,YANG Shuwen,et al.The principle and algorithm of computer-aided cartography[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007.)
[15]张迪,张继贤,董春,等.制图综合基础上的农村居民地获取方法[J].遥感信息,2016,31(1):20-24.(ZHANG Di,ZHANG Jixian,DONG Chun,et al.Principles and methods of rural residential generalization[J].Remote Sensing Information,2016,31(1):20-24.)