浙江省台州市2017年国家免疫规划疫苗接种数据分析
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摘要
目的了解浙江省台州市儿童国家免疫规划疫苗接种情况。方法采用"分层整群随机抽样"方法,对所辖9个县(市、区)随机抽取18个乡镇,通过浙江省免疫规划信息管理系统进行疫苗接种情况调查。结果本次共分析34 265名儿童,其中23 316名本地儿童,10 949名流动儿童。各县(市、区)2岁组儿童常规免疫接种率均达到95%以上,7岁组儿童的第2剂流行性乙型脑炎疫苗(JEV2)、脊髓灰质炎疫苗第4剂(PV4)和A群C群第1剂脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗接种率均达到98%以上。除仙居县外,其他各县(市、区)儿童吸附白喉破伤风联合疫苗(DT)接种率均达到95%以上。A群C群第2剂脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗的接种率最低,只有黄岩区、临海市、玉环市、天台县和三门县达到90%以上。本地儿童的疫苗接种率高于流动儿童,且卡介苗、PV4、吸附无细胞百白第1剂和第4剂破联合疫苗(DTP1、DTP4)、A群脑膜炎2剂次球菌多糖疫苗、A群C群2剂次脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗、JEV2、甲型肝炎疫苗和DT的接种率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论台州市本地儿童和流动儿童国家免疫规划疫苗接种率均处于较高水平,但流动儿童接种率普遍低于本地儿童,且接种时间晚于本地儿童,要加强流动儿童的管理。
Objective To understand the coverage of national immunization program(NIP) in children in Taizhou,Zhejiang province.Methods The coverage of NIP was investigated in 18 townships selected through stratified cluster sampling in 9 counties of Taizhou through Zhejiang Immunization Information System.Results A total of 34 265 children,including23 316 local children and 10 949 migrant children,were investgated.The routine vaccination rates in children aged 2 years remained at high levels and the coverage rates in all counties were above 95%.The vaccination rates of 2 nd dose Japanese encephalitis vaccine(JEV),4 th dose polio myelitis attenuated live vaccine(PV)and 1 st dose meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine-type A and C(MPV-AC) were all above 98% in children aged 7 years.The vaccination rates of diphtheria-tetanus vaccine(DT) in all counties were above 95%,except Xianju.Compared with other vaccines,the coverage rate of 2 nd MPV-AC was lowest,and it was above 90% only in a few counties,i.e.Huangyan,Linhai,Yuhuan,Tiantai and Sanmen.The coverage rates in local children were higher than those in migrant children.The differences in coverage rates of Bacillus CalmetteGuérin(BCG),4 th dose PV,1 st dose diphtheria tetanus and pertussis vaccine(DTP),4 th dose DTP,2 doses meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine-type A(MPV-A),2 doses MPV-AC,2 nd dose JEV,hepatitis A vaccine(HepA) and DT were significant between local children and migrant children.Conclusion The Immunization coverage of NIP remained at a high level in both local children and migrant children.However,the coverage rates in migrant children were lower than those in local children.Also,migrant children got vaccination later than local children did.Therefore,we should strengthen the management of migrant children.
Objective To understand the coverage of national immunization program(NIP) in children in Taizhou,Zhejiang province.Methods The coverage of NIP was investigated in 18 townships selected through stratified cluster sampling in 9 counties of Taizhou through Zhejiang Immunization Information System.Results A total of 34 265 children,including23 316 local children and 10 949 migrant children,were investgated.The routine vaccination rates in children aged 2 years remained at high levels and the coverage rates in all counties were above 95%.The vaccination rates of 2 nd dose Japanese encephalitis vaccine(JEV),4 th dose polio myelitis attenuated live vaccine(PV)and 1 st dose meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine-type A and C(MPV-AC) were all above 98% in children aged 7 years.The vaccination rates of diphtheria-tetanus vaccine(DT) in all counties were above 95%,except Xianju.Compared with other vaccines,the coverage rate of 2 nd MPV-AC was lowest,and it was above 90% only in a few counties,i.e.Huangyan,Linhai,Yuhuan,Tiantai and Sanmen.The coverage rates in local children were higher than those in migrant children.The differences in coverage rates of Bacillus CalmetteGuérin(BCG),4 th dose PV,1 st dose diphtheria tetanus and pertussis vaccine(DTP),4 th dose DTP,2 doses meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine-type A(MPV-A),2 doses MPV-AC,2 nd dose JEV,hepatitis A vaccine(HepA) and DT were significant between local children and migrant children.Conclusion The Immunization coverage of NIP remained at a high level in both local children and migrant children.However,the coverage rates in migrant children were lower than those in local children.Also,migrant children got vaccination later than local children did.Therefore,we should strengthen the management of migrant children.
引文
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[8]叶莉霞,方挺,马瑞.2010-2012年浙江省宁波市常规免疫监测结果分析[J].疾病监测,2014,29(3):195-199.DOI:10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2014.03.008.Ye LX,Fang T,Ma R.Surveillance of routine immunization coverage of Ningbo,2010-2012[J].Dis Surveill,2014,29(3):195-199.DOI:10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2014.03.008.
[9]于静,马福宝,汪志国,等.江苏省扩大国家免疫规划疫苗接种率调查分析[J].江苏预防医学,2013,24(5):26-28.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9070.2013.05.011.Yu J,Ma FB,Wang ZG,et al.Analysis of national expanded immunization coverage survey in Jiangsu province[J].Jiangsu JPrev Med,2013,24(5):26-28.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9070.2013.05.011.
[10]陈伟,李永成,骆晓艳,等.儿童预防接种信息管理系统和现场调查适龄儿童国家免疫规划疫苗接种率统计结果的比较分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2015,21(1):88-91.Chen W,Li YC,Luo XY,et al.Comparison of national immunization program childhood vaccine coverage determined by the children's immunization information management system with coverage determined by field investigation[J].Chin J Vaccin Immun,2015,21(1):88-91.
[2]Li Q,Hu Y,Zhong YP,et al.Using the immunization information system to determine vaccination coverage rates among children aged 1-7 years:a report from Zhejiang province,China[J].Int JEnviron Res Public Health,2014,11(3):2713-2728.DOI:10.3390/ijerph110302713.
[3]崔健,曹雷,郑景山,等.中国2015年国家免疫规划疫苗报告接种率分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2017,23(6):601-607.Cui J,Cao L,Zheng JS,et al.Reported coverage of vaccines in the national immunization program of China,2015[J].Chin J Vaccin Immun,2017,23(6):601-607.
[4]靳妍,陈怡平,王连华,等.2013年浙江省台州市儿童扩大国家免疫规划疫苗接种率调查[J].疾病监测,2014,29(2):105-111.DOI:10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2014.02.007.Jin Y,Chen YP,Wang LH,et al.Immunization coverage of national immunization program in Taizhou,Zhejiang,2013[J].Dis Surveill,2014,29(2):105-111.DOI:10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2014.02.007.
[5]王连华,邱春华,陈怡平,等.2014年浙江省台州市适龄儿童扩大国家免疫规划疫苗接种率横断面调查[J].疾病监测,2015,30(3):184-189.DOI:10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2015.03.006.Wang LH,Qiu CH,Chen YP,et al.Cross-sectional survey of vaccination rate of national immunization program among children in Taizhou,Zhejiang,2014[J].Dis Surveill,2015,30(3):184 -189.DOI:10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2015.03.006.
[6]张玫,冉智元,郑景山,等.预防接种证查验对适龄儿童国家免疫规划疫苗接种率的影响分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2016,22(6):606-610.Zhang M,Ran ZY,Zheng JS,et al.Impact of immunization certificate examination on coverage rates of national immunization program vaccines among children entering kindergarten and school[J].Chin J Vaccin Immun,2016,22(6):606-610.
[7]孙迎春,张智,李丹.沈阳市扩大国家免疫规划疫苗接种率调查分析[J].中国现代医生,2016,54(29):137-140.Sun YC,Zhang Z,Li D.Investigation and analysis of vaccination rate in expanded national immunization program in Shenyang[J].China Mod Doctor,2016,54(29):137-140.
[8]叶莉霞,方挺,马瑞.2010-2012年浙江省宁波市常规免疫监测结果分析[J].疾病监测,2014,29(3):195-199.DOI:10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2014.03.008.Ye LX,Fang T,Ma R.Surveillance of routine immunization coverage of Ningbo,2010-2012[J].Dis Surveill,2014,29(3):195-199.DOI:10.3784/j.issn.1003-9961.2014.03.008.
[9]于静,马福宝,汪志国,等.江苏省扩大国家免疫规划疫苗接种率调查分析[J].江苏预防医学,2013,24(5):26-28.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9070.2013.05.011.Yu J,Ma FB,Wang ZG,et al.Analysis of national expanded immunization coverage survey in Jiangsu province[J].Jiangsu JPrev Med,2013,24(5):26-28.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-9070.2013.05.011.
[10]陈伟,李永成,骆晓艳,等.儿童预防接种信息管理系统和现场调查适龄儿童国家免疫规划疫苗接种率统计结果的比较分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2015,21(1):88-91.Chen W,Li YC,Luo XY,et al.Comparison of national immunization program childhood vaccine coverage determined by the children's immunization information management system with coverage determined by field investigation[J].Chin J Vaccin Immun,2015,21(1):88-91.