纳米TiO_2和ZnO颗粒对红壤理化性质的影响
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摘要
通过对耕作红壤的现场实验,较为系统的反映了人工纳米颗粒(TiO_2、ZnO)对土壤理化性质的影响。数据表明,在本实验周期(90 d)内,耕作红壤掺杂不同剂量(0. 1 mg/g、0. 2 mg/g、0. 5 mg/g、1 mg/g、3 mg/g)人工纳米颗粒后,纳米颗粒显著提升了土壤pH和电导率值;纳米颗粒对土壤微生物菌落数有一定的抑制作用;纳米颗粒对土壤有机质含量的影响不明显。整体而言,人工纳米颗粒(TiO_2、ZnO)进入土壤体系后,对土壤理化性质产生了一定程度的影响,且剂量越大,影响越明显。
Nanomaterials have nanostructured components with at least one dimension less than 100 nm. Nanomaterials are already widely used in the various industries due to the special physical and chemical properties they exhibit compared to the bulk material. Increasing production and use of nanomaterials have raised concerns about their potential negative ecological and environmental impacts.Nano-TiO_2 and Nano-ZnO are among the most highly used nanomaterials in industry. And they are introduced into the soil as a result of a number of human activities,including intentional and unintentional releases. In this study,based on field test,the impacts of nano-TiO_2 and Nano-ZnO on red soil physico-chemical properties were systematically investigated from four aspects including soil p H,soil organ matter,microbial colonies and electric conductivity( EC). Experimental results showed the soil physico-chemical properties of red soil was impacted after mixed with different dosages( 0. 1,0. 2,0. 5,1,3 mg/g) of nano-TiO_2 and Nano-ZnO,and higher dosages of nanoparticles,the more impact obvious.
Nanomaterials have nanostructured components with at least one dimension less than 100 nm. Nanomaterials are already widely used in the various industries due to the special physical and chemical properties they exhibit compared to the bulk material. Increasing production and use of nanomaterials have raised concerns about their potential negative ecological and environmental impacts.Nano-TiO_2 and Nano-ZnO are among the most highly used nanomaterials in industry. And they are introduced into the soil as a result of a number of human activities,including intentional and unintentional releases. In this study,based on field test,the impacts of nano-TiO_2 and Nano-ZnO on red soil physico-chemical properties were systematically investigated from four aspects including soil p H,soil organ matter,microbial colonies and electric conductivity( EC). Experimental results showed the soil physico-chemical properties of red soil was impacted after mixed with different dosages( 0. 1,0. 2,0. 5,1,3 mg/g) of nano-TiO_2 and Nano-ZnO,and higher dosages of nanoparticles,the more impact obvious.
引文
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[3]Nel A,Xia T,Madler L,et al.Toxic potential of materials at the nanolevel[J].Science,2006,311,622-627.
[4]Wang R,Du H,Wang Y.et al.Retention of silver nanoparticles and silver ion to natural soils:Effects of soil physicochemical properties[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2018,18:2491-2499.
[5]Sharifi S,Behzadi S,Laurent S,et al.Toxicity of Nanomaterials[J].Chemical Society Reviews,2012,41:2323-2343.
[6]Awet T T,Kohl Y,Meier F.Effects of polystyrene nanoparticles on the microbiota and functional diversity of enzymes in soil[J].Environmental Sciences Europe,2018,30:11.
[7]赵其国,黄国勤,马艳芹.中国南方红壤生态系统面临的问题及对策[J].生态学报,2013,33(24):7615-7622.
[8]Da Costa J P,Santos P S,Duarte A C,et al.(Nano)plastics in the environment-sources,fates and effects[J].Science of the Total Environment,2016,566:15-26.
[9]Simonin M,Richaume A.Impact of engineered nanoparticles on the activity,abundance,and diversity of soil microbial communities:A review[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2015,22(18):13710-13723.
[10]Kim B,Murayama M,Colman B P,et al.Characterization and environmental implications of nano-and larger Ti O2particles in sewage sludge,and soils amended with sewage sludge[J].Journal of Environmental Monitoring,2012,14(4),1128-1136.
[11]Manzo S,Rocco A,Carotenuto R,et al.Investigation of Zn O nanoparticles’ecotoxicological effects towards different soil organisms[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2011,18,756-763.
[12]刘光崧主编,土壤理化分析与剖面描述[M].北京:中国标准出版社,1996.
[13]Xu C,Peng C,Sun L,et al.Distinctive effects of Ti O2and CuO nanoparticles on soil microbes and their community structures in flooded paddy soil[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2015,86,24-33.
[14]Lowry G V,Gregory K B,Apte S C,et al.Transformations of nanomaterials in the environment[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2012,46(13):6893-6899
[15]Voegelin A,Pfister S,Scheinost A C,et al.Changes in zinc speciation in field soil after contamination with zinc oxide[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2005,39(17):6616-6623.
[16]Cullen L G,Tilston E L,Mitchell G R,et al.Assessing the impact of nano-and micro-scale zerovalent iron particles on soil microbial activities:Particle reactivity interferes with assay conditions and interpretation of genuine microbial effects[J].Chemosphere,2011,82(11):1675-1682.
[17]Ben-Moshe T,Frenk S,Dror I,et al.Effects of metal oxide nanoparticles on soil properties[J].Chemosphere,2013,90:640-646.
[18]Lyon D Y,Brunet L,Hinkal G W,et al.Antibacterial activity of fullerene water suspensions(n C60)is not due to ROS-mediated damage[J].Nano Letters,2008,8(5),1539-1543.
[19]Allahverdiyev A M,Abamor E S,Bagirova M,et al.Antimicrobial effects of Ti O2and Ag2O nanoparticles against drug-resistant bacteria and leishmania parasites[J].Future Microbiology,2011,6(8),933-940.
[20]刘启明,吴泽恩,曹英兰,等.纳米Ti O2对耕作红壤土壤微生物活性的影响[J].生态环境学报,2014,23(5):859-863.
[21]Waalewijnkool P L,Diez O M,van Straalen N M,et al.Sorption,dissolution and p H determine the long-term equilibration and toxicity of coated and uncoated ZnO nanoparticles in soil[J].Environmental Pollution,2013,178(1):59-64.