陶瓷废渣为主要原料的一步法制备微晶玻璃及析晶影响
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摘要
运用一步析晶法热处理工艺,以陶瓷废渣和相应化学试剂为原料,制备了陶瓷废渣基微晶玻璃。通过差热扫描(DSC)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶转换红外光谱(FTIR)等手段研究了不同保温时间对微晶玻璃的烧结性能、微观结构的影响规律,并优化工艺参数,测试了样品的耐酸耐碱性、体积密度、抗折强度、显微硬度等性能。结果表明:一步析晶法热处理工艺制备陶瓷废渣基微晶玻璃结果良好,保温时间对微晶玻璃的晶体析出影响较明显,当在938℃保温120 min时,微晶玻璃性能最佳:体积密度2.8 g·cm~(-3),耐酸耐碱性0.19%,抗折强度93.9 MPa,显微硬度6.8 GPa。微晶玻璃主晶相为硅灰石,次晶相为钙铝黄长石。微晶玻璃制备过程中,晶相含量的增加、晶相结构和微观形貌排布是增强微晶玻璃机械性能的主要因素。一步析晶法热处理工艺,具有热处理制度简单、工艺周期短、能源消耗低等优点,具有较好的应用前景。
Glass-ceramics with the system of CaO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2 were made by ceramic waste residue and chemical raw materials as raw materials through one-step crystallization process.Effect of the sintering performance and microstructure of glass-ceramics samples prepared under different thermal insulation time were analyzed by means of differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM),Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).The properties of acid resistance and alkali resistance,density,bending strength and micro hardness were were also measured.The results show that one-step sintering process is suitable for preparing ceramic waste residue-based glass ceramics.There are obvious influences for heat preservation time to the crystal precipitation.The sintering process of the glass-ceramics was basically completed after heat treatment at 938℃for 120 min with the largest bulk density of 2.8 g·cm~(-3),acid resistance and alkali resistance of 0.19%,the optimal bending strength of 93.9MPa,the high micro hardness of 6.8 GPa.The main crystalline phase of the glass-ceramics is wollastonite and the secondary crystalline phase is calcium alumina feldspar.The increase of crystal phase content,crystal phase structure and microstructure distribution are the main factors to enhance the mechanical properties in the preparation of glass-ceramics.One-step crystallization process has a good application prospect with the advantages of simple heat treatment system,short process cycle and low energy consumption.
Glass-ceramics with the system of CaO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2 were made by ceramic waste residue and chemical raw materials as raw materials through one-step crystallization process.Effect of the sintering performance and microstructure of glass-ceramics samples prepared under different thermal insulation time were analyzed by means of differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM),Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).The properties of acid resistance and alkali resistance,density,bending strength and micro hardness were were also measured.The results show that one-step sintering process is suitable for preparing ceramic waste residue-based glass ceramics.There are obvious influences for heat preservation time to the crystal precipitation.The sintering process of the glass-ceramics was basically completed after heat treatment at 938℃for 120 min with the largest bulk density of 2.8 g·cm~(-3),acid resistance and alkali resistance of 0.19%,the optimal bending strength of 93.9MPa,the high micro hardness of 6.8 GPa.The main crystalline phase of the glass-ceramics is wollastonite and the secondary crystalline phase is calcium alumina feldspar.The increase of crystal phase content,crystal phase structure and microstructure distribution are the main factors to enhance the mechanical properties in the preparation of glass-ceramics.One-step crystallization process has a good application prospect with the advantages of simple heat treatment system,short process cycle and low energy consumption.
引文
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[2]李保庆,郭艳平,区雪连.佛山陶瓷废渣高附加值资源化路径的探讨[J].佛山陶瓷,2017,04:27-31.
[3]林少敏,王勃,刘贵深.废瓷掺料对微晶玻璃熔融结晶的影响[J].广东化工,2011,38(12):18-19.
[4]钟明峰,张志杰,董桂洪.利用抛光砖污泥制备微晶玻璃研究[J].中国陶瓷,2010,46(4):62-68.
[5]程金树,李宏,汤李缨,等.微晶玻璃[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2006.
[6]王彩萍,李友芬,张一东.CaF_2微晶玻璃的一步法制备及Eu~(3+)离子探针特性[J],高等学校化学学报,2016,37(4):607-612.
[7]赵贵州,李宇,代文彬,苍大强.钢渣基高碱度微晶玻璃的一步法制备及工艺参数研究[J].工程科学学报,2016,38(2):207-212.
[8]Francis A A.Conversion of blast furnace slag into new glass-ceramic material[J].J Eur Ceram Soc,2004,24(9):2819.
[9]Ozawa T.Kinetics of non-isothermal crystallization[J].Polymer,1971,12(3):150.
[10]Raman S,Dan TK.Physico chemical analysis of a raw brick clay of Bhopal(M.P.)[J].Indian Ceram.1986,29(2):25-27.
[11]Lavat AE,Grasselli MC,Tasca JE.Phase changes of ceramic white ware slip-casting bodies studied by XRD and FTIR[J].Ceram Int.2007,33(6):1111-1117.
[12]Stubican V,Roy R Isomorphous substitution and Infra-red spectra of layer lattice silicates[J].Am Mineral.1961,46:32-51.
[13]任祥忠,张培新,梁讯.MgO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2系统微晶玻璃的红外光谱研究[J].材料科学与过程学报,2007,25(2):197-200.
[14]李保庆,郭艳平.晶化温度对钨尾矿微晶玻璃析晶性能的影响[J].中国陶瓷,2017,53(11):63-67.