沁南煤系构造应力场模拟及其控气作用
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摘要
为研究走滑断裂对应力及产能的影响,文中以沁水盆地南部山西组煤系地层为例,采用有限元法对走滑断裂带进行构造应力场模拟并分析了其控气作用。结果表明,走滑断裂两盘存在显著的应力差,一侧表现为强挤压,另一侧表现为弱挤压。断裂发育程度越高或走滑断裂规模越大,则应力越集中,该现象在寺头-后城腰断裂的中段和南段最为突出。沿着寺头断裂或后城腰断裂,水平最小主应力具有明显的分段现象,这与走滑断裂的摆动或丝带效应有关。受应力平面非均质性的影响,沿着同一条主干断裂,高产井与低产井通常间隔分布,主干断裂带上高产井受水平最小主应力的影响程度较大。研究表明,利用有限元法分析走滑断裂带的控气作用效果较好。
In order to study the effect of the strike-slip fault zone on stress and productivity. In this paper, taking the Shanxi Formation in southern Qinshui Basin as an example, a systematic modeling and in-situ stress evaluation method in the strike-slip fault highly developed zone was proposed based on finite element method, and the gas control effect was studied. The research indicates that, the magnitude of stress has a large difference on both sides of the same strike-slip fault, when one side of the fault is characterized by a strong extrusion, then the other side is characterized by a weak extrusion. More concentrated faults or more large-scaled faults result in a more obvious stress concentration. This phenomenon is the most evident in the middle and south sections of the Sitou-Houchengyao fault zone. The minimum horizontal in-situ stress has a distinct segmentation characteristics along the strike of the same fault,indicating that the stress fluctuates significantly and this is related to the swing or ribbon effect of the strike-slip fault. Wells with a higher yield or a lower yield are usually distributed alternately along the same fault. This phenomenon is related to the stress plane heterogeneity of the strike-slip faults. Wells with a higher yield are usually distributed in areas where the minimum horizontal stress is small. Through this research, it is shown that the finite element method is effective in studying the gas control effect of the strike-slip fault zone.
In order to study the effect of the strike-slip fault zone on stress and productivity. In this paper, taking the Shanxi Formation in southern Qinshui Basin as an example, a systematic modeling and in-situ stress evaluation method in the strike-slip fault highly developed zone was proposed based on finite element method, and the gas control effect was studied. The research indicates that, the magnitude of stress has a large difference on both sides of the same strike-slip fault, when one side of the fault is characterized by a strong extrusion, then the other side is characterized by a weak extrusion. More concentrated faults or more large-scaled faults result in a more obvious stress concentration. This phenomenon is the most evident in the middle and south sections of the Sitou-Houchengyao fault zone. The minimum horizontal in-situ stress has a distinct segmentation characteristics along the strike of the same fault,indicating that the stress fluctuates significantly and this is related to the swing or ribbon effect of the strike-slip fault. Wells with a higher yield or a lower yield are usually distributed alternately along the same fault. This phenomenon is related to the stress plane heterogeneity of the strike-slip faults. Wells with a higher yield are usually distributed in areas where the minimum horizontal stress is small. Through this research, it is shown that the finite element method is effective in studying the gas control effect of the strike-slip fault zone.
引文
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[21] CAMAC B A,HUNT S P. Predicting the regional distribution of fracture networks using the distinct element numerical method[J].AAPG Bulletin,2009,93(11):1571-1583.
[22] ZENG W T,DING W L,ZHANG J C,et al. Fracture development in Paleozoic shale of Chongqing area(South China).part two:numerical simulation of tectonic stress field and prediction of fractures distribution[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2013,75(2):267-279.
[2]郭卫星,李书兵,刘树根,等.川西坳陷中段盆山过渡带构造变形特征及其演化[J].断块油气田,2012,19(6):686-691.
[3] FARRELL N J C,HEALY D,TAYLOR C W. Anistropy of permeability in faulted porous sandstones[J]. Journal of Structural Geology,2014,63(1):50-67.
[4]陈汉林.基于GMTS准则的岩石半圆盘试件断裂行为[J].断块油气田,2018,25(2):249-253.
[5] LI Y,TANG D Z,XU H,et al. Geological and hydrological controls on water coproduced with coalbed methane in Liulin,eastern Ordos basin,China[J]. AAPG Bulletin,2015,99(2):207-229.
[6] CORTI G,RANALLI G,AGOSTINI A,et al. Inward migration of faulting during continental rifting:effects of pre-existing lithospheric structure and extension rate[J]. Tectonophysics,2013,594(3):137-148.
[7]曹耐,董平川,雷刚,等.不同填充模式裂缝型致密储层应力敏感性定量研究[J].断块油气田,2018,25(6):747-751.
[8] MORLEY C K. Discussion of tectonic models for Cenozoic strike-slip fault-affected continental margins of mainland SE Asia[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2013,76(2):137-151.
[9] SOTO R,MARTINOD J,ODONNE F. Influence of early strike-slip deformation on subsequent perpendicular shortening:an experimental approach[J]. Journal of Structural Geology,2007,29(1):59-72.
[10] NICKELSEN R P. Overprinted strike-slip deformation in the southern Valley and Ridge in Pennsylvania[J]. Journal of Structural Geology,2009,31(1):865-873.
[11]孔令武,韩文明,张树林,等.中非剪切带裂谷盆地类型划分及形成机制[J].断块油气田,2018,25(4):409-412.
[12] DING W L,FAN T L,YU B S,et al. Ordovician carbonate reservoir fracture characteristics and fracture distribution forecasting in the Tazhong area of Tarim Basin,Northwest China[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2012,86/87(2):62-70.
[13] SU X B,LIN X Y,ZHAO M J,et al. The upper Paleozoic coalbed methane system in the Qinshui Basin, China[J]. AAPG Bulletin,2005,89(1):81-100.
[14]梁建设,王存武,柳迎红,等.沁水盆地致密气成藏条件与勘探潜力研究[J].天然气地球科学,2015,25(10):1509-1517.
[15] SHAO L Y,YANG Z Y,SHANG X X. Lithofacies palaeogeography of the Carboniferous and Permian in the Qinshui Basin,Shanxi Province,China[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography,2015,4(4):384-412.
[16] ZOBACK M D,BARTON C A,BRUDY M. Determination of stress oritation and magnitude in deep wells[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2003,40(1):1049-1076.
[17] NELSON E J,MEYER J J,HILLIS R R. Transverse drilling-induced tensile fractures in the West Tuna area, Gippsland basin, Australia:implications for the in situ stress regime[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2005,42(2):361-371.
[18] NELSON R A. Geological analysis of naturally fractured reservoirs[M]. Texas:Gulf Publishing Company,1985:8-26.
[19]李月,林玉祥,于腾飞.沁水盆地构造演化及其对游离气藏的控制作用[J].桂林理工大学学报,2011,31(4):481-487.
[20]王兆清.多边形有限元研究进展[J].力学进展,2006,36(3):344-352.
[21] CAMAC B A,HUNT S P. Predicting the regional distribution of fracture networks using the distinct element numerical method[J].AAPG Bulletin,2009,93(11):1571-1583.
[22] ZENG W T,DING W L,ZHANG J C,et al. Fracture development in Paleozoic shale of Chongqing area(South China).part two:numerical simulation of tectonic stress field and prediction of fractures distribution[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2013,75(2):267-279.