粒子图像测速发展综述
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摘要
粒子图像测速(PIV)是一种基于流场图像互相关分析的非接触式瞬时全流场测量技术,它融合了计算机、光学及图像处理技术等交叉学科,在流体力学、空气动力学以及生命科学等领域有着广泛的应用。随着PIV技术的进步,其测量功能由早期的二维平面发展成三维空间,为瞬态流场的可视化提供了强有力的工具。从测试原理及系统组成的角度,重点介绍了立体PIV、全息PIV、层析PIV及微PIV等最新三维PIV技术,总结了PIV技术的发展和研究现状,最后探讨了PIV技术的未来发展趋势。
Particle image velocimetry( PIV) is a contact-free,instantaneous and full-flow velocity measurement technique based on the cross-correlation analysis of flow image. It is an interdisciplinary integrated with computer,optical and image processing. It is widely used in fluid mechanics,aerodynamics and biology. With the improvement of PIV technology,PIV has evolved from two-dimensional to three-dimensional space measurement. It has been a powerful tool for transient flow field visualization. From the perspectives of the principle and system structure,the latest techniques such as Stereo-PIV,holographic PIV,tomography PIV and micro PIV are introduced,and the development and research status of PIV technology are summarized. Finally,the analysis of the development trend of PIV is made.
Particle image velocimetry( PIV) is a contact-free,instantaneous and full-flow velocity measurement technique based on the cross-correlation analysis of flow image. It is an interdisciplinary integrated with computer,optical and image processing. It is widely used in fluid mechanics,aerodynamics and biology. With the improvement of PIV technology,PIV has evolved from two-dimensional to three-dimensional space measurement. It has been a powerful tool for transient flow field visualization. From the perspectives of the principle and system structure,the latest techniques such as Stereo-PIV,holographic PIV,tomography PIV and micro PIV are introduced,and the development and research status of PIV technology are summarized. Finally,the analysis of the development trend of PIV is made.
引文
[1]Adrian R J.Multi-point optical measurements of simultaneous vectors in unsteady flow-a review[J].International journal of heat and fluid flow,1986,7(2):127-145.
[2]Schlatter P.Assessment of direct numerical simulation data of turbulent boundary layers[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,2010,659(4):116-126.
[3]韦青燕,张天宏.高超声速热线/热膜风速仪研究综述及分析[J].测试技术学报,2012,26(2):142-149.
[4]Foreman Jr J W,George E W,Lewis R D.Measurement of localized flow velocities in gases with a laser Doppler flowmeter[J].Applied Physics Letters,1965,7(4):77-78.
[5]Chanson H,Trevethan M,Aoki S.Acoustic Doppler velocimetry(ADV)in small estuary:field experience and signal post-processing[J].Flow Measurement and Instrumentation,2008,19(5):307-313.
[6]程剑吉,王亚东,陈翔,等.基于散乱点云的网格生成方法在Rhino平台上的实现[J].南昌工程学院学报,2017,36(01):60-63.
[7]Adrian R J.Scattering particle characteristics and their effect on pulsed laser measurements of fluid flow:speckle velocimetry vs particle image velocimetry[J].Applied optics,1984,23(11):1690-1691.
[8]徐荣辉,周正华,张旭苹.四倍频移间隔的多波长布里渊/铒光纤激光器[J].南昌工程学院学报,2018,37(03):76-80.
[9]金上海,陈刚,许联锋,等.基于小波多尺度分析的PIV互相关算法研究[J].水动力学研究与进展,2005,20(3):373-380.
[10]Hain R,Khler C J,Tropea C.Comparison of CCD,CMOS and intensified cameras[J].Experiments in fluids,2007,42(3):403-411.
[11]Keane R D,Adrian R J.Theory of cross-correlation analysis of PIV images[J].Applied scientific research,1992,49(3):191-215.
[12]Marzouk Y M,Hart D P.Asymmetric autocorrelation function to resolve directional ambiguity in PIV images[J].Experiments in fluids,1998,25(5-6):401-408.
[13]Huang H,Dabiri D,Gharib M.On errors of digital particle image velocimetry[J].Measurement Science and Technology,1997,8(12):1427-1440.
[14]田晓东,李玉梁,陈嘉范,等.一种新改进的DPIV方法[J].水科学进展,2000,11(1):59-63.
[15]王灿星,林建忠,山本富士夫.二维PIV图像处理算法[J].水动力学研究与进展,2001,16(4):399-404.
[16]Scarano F,Riethmuller M L.Iterative multigrid approach in PIV image processing with discrete window offset[J].Experiments in Fluids,1999,26(6):513-523.
[17]Gui L,Longo J,Stern F.Biases of PIV measurement of turbulent flow and the masked correlation-based interrogation algorithm[J].Experiments in Fluids,2001,30(1):27-35.
[18]Grant I,Pan X.The use of neural techniques in PIV and PTV[J].Measurement Science and Technology,1997,8(12):1399.
[19]康琦.全场测速技术进展[J].力学进展,1900,27(1):106-121.
[20]Prasad A K.Stereoscopic particle image velocimetry[J].Experiments in fluids,2000,29(2):103-116.
[21]陈钊,郭永彩,高潮.三维PIV原理及其实现方法[J].实验流体力学,2006,20(4):77-82.
[22]Calluaud D,David L.Stereoscopic particle image velocimetry measurements of the flow around a surface-mounted block[J].Experiments in Fluids,2004,36(1):53-61.
[23]Van Doorne C W H,Westerweel J.Measurement of laminar,transitional and turbulent pipe flow using stereoscopic-PIV[J].Experiments in Fluids,2007,42(2):259-279.
[24]Dadi M,Stanislas M,Rodriguez O,et al.A study by holographic velocimetry of the behaviour of free small particles in a flow[J].Experiments in Fluids,1991,10(5):285-294.
[25]Barnhart D H,Adrian R J,Papen G C.Phase-conjugate holographic system for high-resolution particle-image velocimetry[J].Applied Optics,1994,33(30):7159-7170.
[26]Kim S,Lee S J.Effect of particle number density in in-line digital holographic particle velocimetry[J].Experiments in Fluids,2008,44(4):623-631.
[27]Goodman J W.Introduction to Fourier optics[M].Roberts and Company Publishers,2005.
[28]李光勇.数字全息粒子图像测速技术(DHPIV)在旋转流场中的应用[D].重庆:重庆理工大学,2012.
[29]Schnars U,Kreis T M,Jueptner W P.Digital recording and numerical reconstruction of holograms:reduction of the spatial frequency spectrum[J].Optical Engineering,1996,35(4):977-982.
[30]李俊昌,宋庆和,Picart Pascal,桂进斌,楼宇丽.离轴数字全息波前重建算法讨论[J].中国激光,2014,41(02):81-89.
[31]李俊昌.角谱衍射公式的快速傅里叶变换计算及在数字全息波面重建中的应用[J].光学学报,2009,29(05):1163-
[32]路程.数字全息粒子场测量技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012.
[33]Lai S,Kemper B,von Bally G.Off-axis reconstruction of in-line holograms for twin-image elimination[J].Optics communications,1999,169(1-6):37-43.
[34]Kim T,Poon T C.Three-dimensional matching by use of phase-only holographic information and the Wigner distribution[J].JO-SA A,2000,17(12):2520-2528.
[35]张芬.Tomo-PIV的立体照明技术研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2017.
[36]Elsinga G E,Scarano F,Wieneke B,et al.Tomographic particle image velocimetry[J].Experiments in fluids,2006,41(6):933-947.
[37]De Silva C M,Baidya R,Marusic I.Enhancing Tomo-PIV reconstruction quality by reducing ghost particles[J].Measurement Science and Technology,2012,24(2):024010.
[38]Hasler D,Landolt A,Obrist D.Tomographic PIV behind a prosthetic heart valve[J].Experiments in Fluids,2016,57(5):1-13.
[39]Khler C J,Astarita T,Vlachos P P,et al.Main results of the 4th International PIV Challenge[J].Experiments in Fluids,2016,57(6):97.
[40]Gad-El-Hak M.The Fluid Mechanics of Microdevices---The Freeman Scholar Lecture[J].Asme Journal of Fluids Engineering,1999,121(1):5-33.
[41]王昊利,王元.Micro-PIV技术---粒子图像测速技术的新进展[J].力学进展,2005,35(01):79-92.
[42]申峰,刘赵淼.显微粒子图像测速技术---微流场可视化测速技术及应用综述[J].机械工程学报,2012,48(04):155-168.
[43]Adrian R J.Particle-imaging techniques for experimental fluid mechanics[J].Annual review of fluid mechanics,1991,23(1):261-304.
[44]Raffel M,Willert C E,Scarano F,et al.Particle image velocimetry:apractical guide[M].Springer,2018.
[2]Schlatter P.Assessment of direct numerical simulation data of turbulent boundary layers[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,2010,659(4):116-126.
[3]韦青燕,张天宏.高超声速热线/热膜风速仪研究综述及分析[J].测试技术学报,2012,26(2):142-149.
[4]Foreman Jr J W,George E W,Lewis R D.Measurement of localized flow velocities in gases with a laser Doppler flowmeter[J].Applied Physics Letters,1965,7(4):77-78.
[5]Chanson H,Trevethan M,Aoki S.Acoustic Doppler velocimetry(ADV)in small estuary:field experience and signal post-processing[J].Flow Measurement and Instrumentation,2008,19(5):307-313.
[6]程剑吉,王亚东,陈翔,等.基于散乱点云的网格生成方法在Rhino平台上的实现[J].南昌工程学院学报,2017,36(01):60-63.
[7]Adrian R J.Scattering particle characteristics and their effect on pulsed laser measurements of fluid flow:speckle velocimetry vs particle image velocimetry[J].Applied optics,1984,23(11):1690-1691.
[8]徐荣辉,周正华,张旭苹.四倍频移间隔的多波长布里渊/铒光纤激光器[J].南昌工程学院学报,2018,37(03):76-80.
[9]金上海,陈刚,许联锋,等.基于小波多尺度分析的PIV互相关算法研究[J].水动力学研究与进展,2005,20(3):373-380.
[10]Hain R,Khler C J,Tropea C.Comparison of CCD,CMOS and intensified cameras[J].Experiments in fluids,2007,42(3):403-411.
[11]Keane R D,Adrian R J.Theory of cross-correlation analysis of PIV images[J].Applied scientific research,1992,49(3):191-215.
[12]Marzouk Y M,Hart D P.Asymmetric autocorrelation function to resolve directional ambiguity in PIV images[J].Experiments in fluids,1998,25(5-6):401-408.
[13]Huang H,Dabiri D,Gharib M.On errors of digital particle image velocimetry[J].Measurement Science and Technology,1997,8(12):1427-1440.
[14]田晓东,李玉梁,陈嘉范,等.一种新改进的DPIV方法[J].水科学进展,2000,11(1):59-63.
[15]王灿星,林建忠,山本富士夫.二维PIV图像处理算法[J].水动力学研究与进展,2001,16(4):399-404.
[16]Scarano F,Riethmuller M L.Iterative multigrid approach in PIV image processing with discrete window offset[J].Experiments in Fluids,1999,26(6):513-523.
[17]Gui L,Longo J,Stern F.Biases of PIV measurement of turbulent flow and the masked correlation-based interrogation algorithm[J].Experiments in Fluids,2001,30(1):27-35.
[18]Grant I,Pan X.The use of neural techniques in PIV and PTV[J].Measurement Science and Technology,1997,8(12):1399.
[19]康琦.全场测速技术进展[J].力学进展,1900,27(1):106-121.
[20]Prasad A K.Stereoscopic particle image velocimetry[J].Experiments in fluids,2000,29(2):103-116.
[21]陈钊,郭永彩,高潮.三维PIV原理及其实现方法[J].实验流体力学,2006,20(4):77-82.
[22]Calluaud D,David L.Stereoscopic particle image velocimetry measurements of the flow around a surface-mounted block[J].Experiments in Fluids,2004,36(1):53-61.
[23]Van Doorne C W H,Westerweel J.Measurement of laminar,transitional and turbulent pipe flow using stereoscopic-PIV[J].Experiments in Fluids,2007,42(2):259-279.
[24]Dadi M,Stanislas M,Rodriguez O,et al.A study by holographic velocimetry of the behaviour of free small particles in a flow[J].Experiments in Fluids,1991,10(5):285-294.
[25]Barnhart D H,Adrian R J,Papen G C.Phase-conjugate holographic system for high-resolution particle-image velocimetry[J].Applied Optics,1994,33(30):7159-7170.
[26]Kim S,Lee S J.Effect of particle number density in in-line digital holographic particle velocimetry[J].Experiments in Fluids,2008,44(4):623-631.
[27]Goodman J W.Introduction to Fourier optics[M].Roberts and Company Publishers,2005.
[28]李光勇.数字全息粒子图像测速技术(DHPIV)在旋转流场中的应用[D].重庆:重庆理工大学,2012.
[29]Schnars U,Kreis T M,Jueptner W P.Digital recording and numerical reconstruction of holograms:reduction of the spatial frequency spectrum[J].Optical Engineering,1996,35(4):977-982.
[30]李俊昌,宋庆和,Picart Pascal,桂进斌,楼宇丽.离轴数字全息波前重建算法讨论[J].中国激光,2014,41(02):81-89.
[31]李俊昌.角谱衍射公式的快速傅里叶变换计算及在数字全息波面重建中的应用[J].光学学报,2009,29(05):1163-
[32]路程.数字全息粒子场测量技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012.
[33]Lai S,Kemper B,von Bally G.Off-axis reconstruction of in-line holograms for twin-image elimination[J].Optics communications,1999,169(1-6):37-43.
[34]Kim T,Poon T C.Three-dimensional matching by use of phase-only holographic information and the Wigner distribution[J].JO-SA A,2000,17(12):2520-2528.
[35]张芬.Tomo-PIV的立体照明技术研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2017.
[36]Elsinga G E,Scarano F,Wieneke B,et al.Tomographic particle image velocimetry[J].Experiments in fluids,2006,41(6):933-947.
[37]De Silva C M,Baidya R,Marusic I.Enhancing Tomo-PIV reconstruction quality by reducing ghost particles[J].Measurement Science and Technology,2012,24(2):024010.
[38]Hasler D,Landolt A,Obrist D.Tomographic PIV behind a prosthetic heart valve[J].Experiments in Fluids,2016,57(5):1-13.
[39]Khler C J,Astarita T,Vlachos P P,et al.Main results of the 4th International PIV Challenge[J].Experiments in Fluids,2016,57(6):97.
[40]Gad-El-Hak M.The Fluid Mechanics of Microdevices---The Freeman Scholar Lecture[J].Asme Journal of Fluids Engineering,1999,121(1):5-33.
[41]王昊利,王元.Micro-PIV技术---粒子图像测速技术的新进展[J].力学进展,2005,35(01):79-92.
[42]申峰,刘赵淼.显微粒子图像测速技术---微流场可视化测速技术及应用综述[J].机械工程学报,2012,48(04):155-168.
[43]Adrian R J.Particle-imaging techniques for experimental fluid mechanics[J].Annual review of fluid mechanics,1991,23(1):261-304.
[44]Raffel M,Willert C E,Scarano F,et al.Particle image velocimetry:apractical guide[M].Springer,2018.