岩石物理建模技术在致密砂岩储层预测中的应用——以鄂尔多斯盆地北部H区块为例
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摘要
岩石物理建模是叠前反演前重要的基础工作。以致密砂岩储层为目标,剖析了岩石物理建模涉及的主要过程。将测井评价与岩石物理建模视为迭代过程,测井评价提供岩石物理建模的输入数据,岩石物理建模控制测井评价参数的质量。在测井参数具有较高质量的情况下,优选岩石物理建模方法,优化关键参数,较为准确地预测了横波速度等弹性参数,为叠前弹性参数反演提供了可靠的基础数据。利用岩石物理解释模板对叠前反演纵横波速度体进行了解释,提高了致密砂岩气层的识别精度,在鄂尔多斯盆地取得了较好的应用效果。
Construction of rock physics model is a significant and fundamental work in pre-stack inversion. In this paper, aiming at tight sandstone reservoir, we analyzed the main procedure of rock physics modeling. It is noteworthy that we combined well logging analysis and rock physics modeling as an iterative process, since logging data analysis is able to provide massive basic data to modeling while modeling is capable of controlling the quality of logging evaluation parameters. As we obtained high quality well logging data, the most sensitive parameters and optimal procedure of rock physics modeling has been selected, which help us to precisely predict the shear wave velocity and other reliable data for pre-stack inversion. Meanwhile, rock physics templates have been built up to interpret the inverted elastic velocity volume. This can improve the precision of identification for tight sandy reservoir. Finally, good results have been achieved in Erdos basin based on our raised method.
Construction of rock physics model is a significant and fundamental work in pre-stack inversion. In this paper, aiming at tight sandstone reservoir, we analyzed the main procedure of rock physics modeling. It is noteworthy that we combined well logging analysis and rock physics modeling as an iterative process, since logging data analysis is able to provide massive basic data to modeling while modeling is capable of controlling the quality of logging evaluation parameters. As we obtained high quality well logging data, the most sensitive parameters and optimal procedure of rock physics modeling has been selected, which help us to precisely predict the shear wave velocity and other reliable data for pre-stack inversion. Meanwhile, rock physics templates have been built up to interpret the inverted elastic velocity volume. This can improve the precision of identification for tight sandy reservoir. Finally, good results have been achieved in Erdos basin based on our raised method.
引文
[1] 吕其彪,孙作兴.岩石物理模板在储层定量解释中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2012,27(2):610-618.LV Q B, SUN Z X. Application of rockphysics chart to quantitative reservoir interpretation[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2012, 27(2): 610-618.(In Chinese)
[2] SHI P D, YUAN S Y, WANG T Y, et al. Fracture identification in a tight sandstone reservoir: a seismic anisotropy and automatic multisensitive attribute fusion framework[C]. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2018: 1525-1529.
[3] 葛瑞玛瑞克,塔潘木克基,杰克德沃金,等.岩石物理手册[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2008.GARY M, TAPAN M, JACK D,et al. The rock physics handbook[M].Hefei: USTC Press, 2008.(In Chinese)
[4] 刘浩杰.地震岩石物理研究综述[J].油气地球物理,2009,7(3):1-8.LIU H J. Summarization of seismic rock physics research[J]. Petroleum Geophysics, 2009, 7(3): 1-8.(In Chinese)
[5] 杨敏,李明,李艳东,等.优化岩石物理模型以提高横波速度预测精度[J].石油天然气学报,2013,35(7):74-77.YANG M, LI M, LI Y D, et.al. Prediction of shear wave velocity by using optimized rock physical models[J]. Journal of Oil and Gas Technology, 2013, 35(7): 74-77.(In Chinese)
[6] MüLLER T M, GUREVICH B, LEBEDEV M. Seismic wave attenuationand dispersion resulting from wave-induced flow in porous rocks—a review[J]. Geophysics, 2010, 75(5): 75A147-75A164.
[7] YUAN S Y, LIU Y, ZHANG Z,et al. Prestack stochastic frequency-dependent velocity inversion with rock-physics constraints and statistical associated hydrocarbon attributes[C]. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2018:1-5.
[8] 刘双莲,李浩,陆黄生.测井资料在储层预测研究中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(6):2045-2051.LIU S L, LI H, LU H S. The application of log data in the study of reservoir prediction[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2010, 25(6): 2045-2051.(In Cinese)
[9] 程杨.面向储层预测的测井二次解释与岩石物理分析技术[J].勘探开发,2016(9):173.CHENG Y. Secondary log interpretation and rock physics analysis for reservoir prediction[J]. Exploration and Development, 2016(9): 173.(In Cinese)
[10] 李延丽,苟迎春,张静.测井精细解释在含气储层预测中的应用[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(6):870-875.LI Y L, GOU Y C, ZHANG J. Application of fine logging interpretation in gas-bearing reservoir prediction[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2008, 19(6): 870-875.(In Cinese)
[11] BATZLE M,WANG Z.Seismic properties of pore fluids[J].Geophysics,1992,57(11):1396-1408.
[12] WOOD A B. A Textbook of sound:being an account of the physics of vibrations with special reference to recent theoretical and technical developments[M].New York:The Macmillan Co,1930.
[13] BRIE A,PAMPURI F,MARSSALA A F.Shear sonic interpretation in gas-bearing sands[J].SP Annual Technical Conference,1995:701-710.
[14] HILL R. A self-consistent mechanics of composite materials[J]. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 1965, 13(4): 213-222.
[15] WU T T. The effective of inclusion shape on the elastic moduli of a two-phase material[J]. International Journal of Solids and Structures, 1966, 2(1): 1-8.
[16] BERRYMAN J P. Long-wavelength propogation in composite elastic media II: Ellipsoidal inclusions[J]. Journal of Acoustic Society of America, 1980, 68(6): 1820-1831.
[17] BERRYMAN J G. Mixture theories for rock properties, in a handbook of physical Constants[J]. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., 1995, 205-228.
[18] ESHELLY J D. The determination of the elastic field of an ellipsoidal includsion, and related problems[C]. Proc. R. Sot. Lond, 1957, A241:376-396.
[19] GASSMANN F. Elastic waves through a packing of spheres[J].Geophysics, 1951, 16(4): 673-685.
[20] 黄伟传,杨长春,范桃园,等.岩石物理分析技术在储层预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(6):1791-1795.HUANG W C, YANG C C, FANG T Y,et al.The application of petrophysical analysis in the reservoir prediction[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2007, 22(6): 1791-1795.(In Cinese)
[21] 张春贺,乔德武,李世臻,等.复杂地区油气地球物理勘探技术集成[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(2):374-387.ZHANG C H, QIAO D W, LI S Z,et al. Integration of oil and gas geophysical exploration technologies for geologically complex areas[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2011, 54(2): 374-387.(In Cinese)
[22] HE F B, YOU J, CHEN K Y. Gas sand distribution prediction by prestack elastic inversion based on rock physics modeling and analysis[J]. Applied Geophysics, 2011, 8(3): 197-205.
[2] SHI P D, YUAN S Y, WANG T Y, et al. Fracture identification in a tight sandstone reservoir: a seismic anisotropy and automatic multisensitive attribute fusion framework[C]. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2018: 1525-1529.
[3] 葛瑞玛瑞克,塔潘木克基,杰克德沃金,等.岩石物理手册[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2008.GARY M, TAPAN M, JACK D,et al. The rock physics handbook[M].Hefei: USTC Press, 2008.(In Chinese)
[4] 刘浩杰.地震岩石物理研究综述[J].油气地球物理,2009,7(3):1-8.LIU H J. Summarization of seismic rock physics research[J]. Petroleum Geophysics, 2009, 7(3): 1-8.(In Chinese)
[5] 杨敏,李明,李艳东,等.优化岩石物理模型以提高横波速度预测精度[J].石油天然气学报,2013,35(7):74-77.YANG M, LI M, LI Y D, et.al. Prediction of shear wave velocity by using optimized rock physical models[J]. Journal of Oil and Gas Technology, 2013, 35(7): 74-77.(In Chinese)
[6] MüLLER T M, GUREVICH B, LEBEDEV M. Seismic wave attenuationand dispersion resulting from wave-induced flow in porous rocks—a review[J]. Geophysics, 2010, 75(5): 75A147-75A164.
[7] YUAN S Y, LIU Y, ZHANG Z,et al. Prestack stochastic frequency-dependent velocity inversion with rock-physics constraints and statistical associated hydrocarbon attributes[C]. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2018:1-5.
[8] 刘双莲,李浩,陆黄生.测井资料在储层预测研究中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2010,25(6):2045-2051.LIU S L, LI H, LU H S. The application of log data in the study of reservoir prediction[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2010, 25(6): 2045-2051.(In Cinese)
[9] 程杨.面向储层预测的测井二次解释与岩石物理分析技术[J].勘探开发,2016(9):173.CHENG Y. Secondary log interpretation and rock physics analysis for reservoir prediction[J]. Exploration and Development, 2016(9): 173.(In Cinese)
[10] 李延丽,苟迎春,张静.测井精细解释在含气储层预测中的应用[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(6):870-875.LI Y L, GOU Y C, ZHANG J. Application of fine logging interpretation in gas-bearing reservoir prediction[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2008, 19(6): 870-875.(In Cinese)
[11] BATZLE M,WANG Z.Seismic properties of pore fluids[J].Geophysics,1992,57(11):1396-1408.
[12] WOOD A B. A Textbook of sound:being an account of the physics of vibrations with special reference to recent theoretical and technical developments[M].New York:The Macmillan Co,1930.
[13] BRIE A,PAMPURI F,MARSSALA A F.Shear sonic interpretation in gas-bearing sands[J].SP Annual Technical Conference,1995:701-710.
[14] HILL R. A self-consistent mechanics of composite materials[J]. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 1965, 13(4): 213-222.
[15] WU T T. The effective of inclusion shape on the elastic moduli of a two-phase material[J]. International Journal of Solids and Structures, 1966, 2(1): 1-8.
[16] BERRYMAN J P. Long-wavelength propogation in composite elastic media II: Ellipsoidal inclusions[J]. Journal of Acoustic Society of America, 1980, 68(6): 1820-1831.
[17] BERRYMAN J G. Mixture theories for rock properties, in a handbook of physical Constants[J]. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., 1995, 205-228.
[18] ESHELLY J D. The determination of the elastic field of an ellipsoidal includsion, and related problems[C]. Proc. R. Sot. Lond, 1957, A241:376-396.
[19] GASSMANN F. Elastic waves through a packing of spheres[J].Geophysics, 1951, 16(4): 673-685.
[20] 黄伟传,杨长春,范桃园,等.岩石物理分析技术在储层预测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(6):1791-1795.HUANG W C, YANG C C, FANG T Y,et al.The application of petrophysical analysis in the reservoir prediction[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2007, 22(6): 1791-1795.(In Cinese)
[21] 张春贺,乔德武,李世臻,等.复杂地区油气地球物理勘探技术集成[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(2):374-387.ZHANG C H, QIAO D W, LI S Z,et al. Integration of oil and gas geophysical exploration technologies for geologically complex areas[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2011, 54(2): 374-387.(In Cinese)
[22] HE F B, YOU J, CHEN K Y. Gas sand distribution prediction by prestack elastic inversion based on rock physics modeling and analysis[J]. Applied Geophysics, 2011, 8(3): 197-205.