大气颗粒物近前向光散射特性研究
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摘要
为了考察大气颗粒物近前向光散射特性及其在粉尘质量浓度测量中的应用,建立了大气颗粒物近前向散射光测量实验装置,通过单分散和多分散颗粒物样本的实验测量和基于米散射理论的颗粒物光散射计算,得到颗粒物近前向散射光强度与粒径及分布宽度的关系,结果表明该装置可用于测量环境大气气溶胶质量浓度。通过已知参数的单分散气溶胶样品测量,借助米散射理论计算,可以获得较为准确的响应度数值,并估计测量实际大气颗粒物的误差范围。采用亚利桑那超细标准粉尘进行质量浓度定标,测量城区自然环境颗粒物的粉尘质量浓度,需要约2.5倍的修正。
A near forward light scattering experimental apparatus is designed to investigate the light scattering properties of airborne particles and its applications in measurement of dust mass concentration.By experimental measurement and the Mie scattering theory for both monodisperse and polydisperse particulate matter samples,the relationships between near forward light scattering intensity and particle diameter,size distribution are obtained.The results demonstrate that the experimental apparatus can be used to measure the aerosol mass concentration of airborne particles in ambient air.More accurate responsivity can be obtained through experimental measurement and the Mie scattering theory for known monodisperse aerosol samples,and it is possible to estimate the error range in measurement of ambient air particles.If calibrated with the ultrafine Arizona road dust,the mass concentration readings of urban aerosols should be corrected by multiplying a factor of 2.5.
A near forward light scattering experimental apparatus is designed to investigate the light scattering properties of airborne particles and its applications in measurement of dust mass concentration.By experimental measurement and the Mie scattering theory for both monodisperse and polydisperse particulate matter samples,the relationships between near forward light scattering intensity and particle diameter,size distribution are obtained.The results demonstrate that the experimental apparatus can be used to measure the aerosol mass concentration of airborne particles in ambient air.More accurate responsivity can be obtained through experimental measurement and the Mie scattering theory for known monodisperse aerosol samples,and it is possible to estimate the error range in measurement of ambient air particles.If calibrated with the ultrafine Arizona road dust,the mass concentration readings of urban aerosols should be corrected by multiplying a factor of 2.5.
引文
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21 Mtzler C.MATLAB functions for Mie scattering and absorption[EB/OL].[2016-01-20].https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228703362_MATLAB_functions_for_Mie_scattering_and_absorption.
22 Bemer D,Fabries J F,Renoux A.Calculation of the theoretical response of an optical particle counter and its practical usefulness[J].J Aerosol Sci,1990,21(5):689-700.
23 上海瑞贝贸易有限公司.试验粉尘检测标准[S/OL].[2015-09-25].http://www.chinarainbow.com.hk/prodetail-5139951.html.
24 Levoni C,Cervino M,Guzzi R,et al..Atmospheric aerosol optical properties:A database of radiative characteristics for different components and classes[J].Appl Opt,1997,36(30):8031-8041.
2 Xia Zhuhong,Fang Li,Zheng Haiyang,et al..Real-time measurement of the aerodynamic size of individual aerosol particles[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2004,53(1):320-324.夏柱红,方黎,郑海洋,等.气溶胶单粒子粒径的实时测量方法研究[J].物理学报,2004,53(1):320-324.
3 Hu Miao,Xie Jialiang,Wu Duanfa,et al..Measurement of PM 2.5concentration based on the charge-coupled device backward scattering lidar[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2015,35(2):0201002.胡淼,谢家亮,吴端法,等.基于CCD后向散射激光信号的PM 2.5测量研究[J].光学学报,2015,35(2):0201002.
4 Zhang Jinbi,Ding Lei,Wang Yingping,et al..Shape classification of single aerosol particle using near-forward optical scattering patterns calculation[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2015,64(5):054202.张金碧,丁蕾,王颖萍,等.利用近前向散射图样识别单粒子形状的理论研究[J].物理学报,2015,64(5):054202.
5 Feng C X,Huang L H,Wang J B,et al..Theoretical studies on bioaerosol particle size and shape measurement from spatial scattering profiles[J].Chin Opt Lett,2011,9(9):092901.
6 Bu Yichuan,Zhao Yongkai,Chen Zhengyan,et al..Research on real-time aerosol particle shape identification based on scattered light detection[J].Chinese J Lasers,2015,42(4):0413003.卜一川,赵永凯,陈正岩,等.基于光散射的实时气溶胶粒子形状识别技术研究[J].中国激光,2015,42(4):0413003.
7 Wang Yawei,Cai Lan,Wu Dajian.Influencing upon light scattering for variety of cells body and cytoplasts thickness in measurement of their size distribution[J].Chinese J Lasers,2005,32(9):1300-1304.王亚伟,蔡兰,吴大建.细胞形体和胞质厚度变化对光散射法测量细胞大小分布的影响[J].中国激光,2005,32(9):1300-1304.
8 Burkart J,Steiner G,Reischl G,etal..Characterizing the performance of two optical particle counters(Grimm OPC1.108 and OPC1.109)under urban aerosol conditions[J].J Aerosol Sci,2010,41(10):953-962.
9 Peters T M,Leith D.Concentration measurement and counting efficiency of the aerodynamic particle sizer 3321[J].J Aerosol Sci,2003,34(5):627-634.
10 Cheng Y S.Comparison of the TSI model 8520and Grimm series 1.108portable aerosol instruments used to monitor particulate matter in an iron foundry[J].J Occup Environ Hyg,2008,5(3):157-168.
11 CASELLA CEL Inc.CEL-712 microdust pro real-time dust monitor[EB/OL].[2015-04-23].http://www.casellasolutions.com/uk/en/document-library/support-docs/microdust-pro-handbook.pdf.
12 Wendisch M,Keil A,Korolev A V.FSSP characterization with monodisperse water droplets[J].J Atmos Oceanic Technol,1996,13(6):1152-1165.
13 Hodkinson J R.Particle sizing by means of the forward scattering lobe[J].Appl Opt,1965,5(5):839-844.
14 Jaenicke R,Hanusch T.Simulation of the optical particle counter forward scattering spectrometer probe 100(FSSP-100)[J].Aerosol Sci Technol,1993,18(4):309-322.
15 Kim T J,Boatman J F.Size calibration corrections for the forward scattering spectrometer probe(FSSP)for measurement of atmospheric aerosol of different refractive indices[J].J Atmos Oceanic Technol,1990,7(5):681-688.
16 Bohren C F,Huffman D R.Absorption and scattering of light by small particles[M].New York:John Wiley,1983:112-113.
17 Wang Jianhua,Xu Guandong,Wang Naining.Mathematical model of calculating the flux of laser scattering by single particle in arbitrary directions[J].Applied Laser,1995,15(2):78-80.王建华,徐贯东,王乃宁.单个颗粒激光散射在任意方向光通量计算的数学模型[J].应用激光,1995,15(2):78-80.
18 van de Hulst H C.Light scattering by small particles[M].New York:Wiley,1981:4-6.
19 Gebhart J.Optical direct-reading techniques:Light intensity systems,in aerosol measurement:Principles,techniques,and applications[M].New York:Wiley-Interscience,2001:419-454.
20 Grner P,Bemer D,Fabriès J F.Photometer measurement of polydisperse aerosols[J].J Aerosol Sci,1995,26(8):1281-1302.
21 Mtzler C.MATLAB functions for Mie scattering and absorption[EB/OL].[2016-01-20].https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228703362_MATLAB_functions_for_Mie_scattering_and_absorption.
22 Bemer D,Fabries J F,Renoux A.Calculation of the theoretical response of an optical particle counter and its practical usefulness[J].J Aerosol Sci,1990,21(5):689-700.
23 上海瑞贝贸易有限公司.试验粉尘检测标准[S/OL].[2015-09-25].http://www.chinarainbow.com.hk/prodetail-5139951.html.
24 Levoni C,Cervino M,Guzzi R,et al..Atmospheric aerosol optical properties:A database of radiative characteristics for different components and classes[J].Appl Opt,1997,36(30):8031-8041.