亨利·詹姆斯《金碗》中玛吉的平衡意识
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摘要
在亨利·詹姆斯的著名小说《金碗》中,主要人物玛吉·韦维尔总是在一种平衡意识的支配下活动。她在人物关系中建立并维持一种平衡,以求达到力量对等,由此主导了小说情节发展。直到一个符合社会标准和人物期望的平衡关系形成,持久的幸福才得以实现。通过运用结构主义诗学分析人物关系中力量分布的变化,解密玛吉的平衡意识,从而挖掘文本之下潜藏的詹姆斯的平衡观。
In The G olden Bowl by Henry James,the main character Maggie Verver always acts on the idea of equilibrium. She tends to set up and maintain a balance within relations of characters like weighing with a scale,in this way leading the development of the plot. True and durable happiness is finally obtained when a balanced relation is formed both following social norms and answering characters' desires. Through analyzing the changing distributions in the relations with the framework of structuralism,Maggie's idea of equilibrium is deciphered,and thus the underlying Jamesian belief of equilibrium is explored.
In The G olden Bowl by Henry James,the main character Maggie Verver always acts on the idea of equilibrium. She tends to set up and maintain a balance within relations of characters like weighing with a scale,in this way leading the development of the plot. True and durable happiness is finally obtained when a balanced relation is formed both following social norms and answering characters' desires. Through analyzing the changing distributions in the relations with the framework of structuralism,Maggie's idea of equilibrium is deciphered,and thus the underlying Jamesian belief of equilibrium is explored.
引文
[1]邱运华.文学批评方法与案例[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2005.
[2]李广仓.结构主义文学批评方法研究[M].长沙:湖南大学出版社,2006.
[3] James H. The Golden Bowl[M]. London:Wordsworth Editions Limited,1995.
[4] Dryden E. The imp of the perverse:metaphor in The Golden Bowl[J]. Henry James Review,2010,31(2):111-124.
[5] Hutchison H. Seeing and Believing:Henry James and the Spiritual World[M]. NewYork:Palgrave Macmillian,2006.
[6] Brown B. Jamesian Matter[M]∥Zacharias G W. A Companion to Henry James. Chichester:Blackwell Publishing Ltd.,2008:292-308.
[7] Gard R. Henry James:The Critical Heritage[M].London:Routledge&Kegan Paul,1968.
[8] Phipps G A. Desire,death,and women in the masterslave dialectic:a comparative reading of Hegel’s phenomenology of spirit and Henry James’s The Golden Bowl[J]. Philosophy and Literature,2011. 35(2):233-250.
[9]张首映.西方二十世纪文论史[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1999.
[10]格雷马斯A J.符号学约束规则之戏法[M]∥格雷马斯A J.论意义:符号学论文集(上册).吴泓缈,冯学俊,译.天津:百花文艺出版社,2011:139-161.
[11]杰姆逊.文化研究——叙事分析[M]∥杰姆逊.后现代主义与文化理论.唐小兵,译.北京:北京大学出版社,2005:103-140.
[12]李维屏.英国小说艺术史[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,2003.
[13]代显梅.亨利·詹姆斯的欧美文化融合思想刍议[J].外国文学评论,2000(1):52-61.
[14] Henry J. The Art of Fiction[M]∥Shapira M. Henry James:Selected Literary Criticism. Westport:Greenwood University Press,Inc,1978:49-67.
(1)有“行动位”“角色”“行动素”“行动单位”及“行动者“等其它多种译法,指参与过程的人或作为谓语之主语的事物。
[2]李广仓.结构主义文学批评方法研究[M].长沙:湖南大学出版社,2006.
[3] James H. The Golden Bowl[M]. London:Wordsworth Editions Limited,1995.
[4] Dryden E. The imp of the perverse:metaphor in The Golden Bowl[J]. Henry James Review,2010,31(2):111-124.
[5] Hutchison H. Seeing and Believing:Henry James and the Spiritual World[M]. NewYork:Palgrave Macmillian,2006.
[6] Brown B. Jamesian Matter[M]∥Zacharias G W. A Companion to Henry James. Chichester:Blackwell Publishing Ltd.,2008:292-308.
[7] Gard R. Henry James:The Critical Heritage[M].London:Routledge&Kegan Paul,1968.
[8] Phipps G A. Desire,death,and women in the masterslave dialectic:a comparative reading of Hegel’s phenomenology of spirit and Henry James’s The Golden Bowl[J]. Philosophy and Literature,2011. 35(2):233-250.
[9]张首映.西方二十世纪文论史[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1999.
[10]格雷马斯A J.符号学约束规则之戏法[M]∥格雷马斯A J.论意义:符号学论文集(上册).吴泓缈,冯学俊,译.天津:百花文艺出版社,2011:139-161.
[11]杰姆逊.文化研究——叙事分析[M]∥杰姆逊.后现代主义与文化理论.唐小兵,译.北京:北京大学出版社,2005:103-140.
[12]李维屏.英国小说艺术史[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,2003.
[13]代显梅.亨利·詹姆斯的欧美文化融合思想刍议[J].外国文学评论,2000(1):52-61.
[14] Henry J. The Art of Fiction[M]∥Shapira M. Henry James:Selected Literary Criticism. Westport:Greenwood University Press,Inc,1978:49-67.
(1)有“行动位”“角色”“行动素”“行动单位”及“行动者“等其它多种译法,指参与过程的人或作为谓语之主语的事物。