防范金融科技风险的二维逻辑——基于监管科技与科技驱动型监管视角
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摘要
金融科技潜在的技术风险、操作风险、法律风险,甚至是导致系统性风险的可能迫使监管者改变原有的事后总结性监管模式。然而,现有法律体系和技术手段难以与监管方式高度匹配,以规则治理和原则治理,以及审慎监管和行为监管为核心的传统监管体系在应对去中心化的交易现状时显得相对滞后和无效。因此,在传统监管维度外,将科技治理纳入监管方式,形成二维监管体系以应对金融科技内涵的风险和可能带来的挑战势在必行。以大数据、区块链等新兴技术为基础的科技治理方式将重塑现有的监管体系,数据驱动的监管核心将构筑智能化监管平台,突破传统模式的监管窘境,实现分布式平等监管,最终以创新式监管维护金融市场的稳定。
The potential technical risk, operational risk, legal risk and even systemic risk of Fintech may force the regulators to change the original post-mortem supervision mode. However,the existing legal system and technical means are difficult to be highly matched with the regulatory approach,and the traditional regulatory system centering on rule governance and principle governance,as well as prudential regulation and behavioral regulation,appears to be relatively backward and ineffective in dealing with the decentralized trading status quo. Therefore, in addition to the traditional regulatory dimensions, it is imperative to bring science and technology governance into the regulatory approach and form a two-dimensional regulatory system to deal with the risks and possible challenges in the connotation of Fintech. Science and technology governance based on emerging technologies such as big data and block chain will reshape the existing regulatory system. The data-driven regulatory core will build an intelligent regulatory platform,break through the traditional regulatory dilemma,realize distributed and equal regulation,and finally maintain the stability of the financial market with innovative regulation.
The potential technical risk, operational risk, legal risk and even systemic risk of Fintech may force the regulators to change the original post-mortem supervision mode. However,the existing legal system and technical means are difficult to be highly matched with the regulatory approach,and the traditional regulatory system centering on rule governance and principle governance,as well as prudential regulation and behavioral regulation,appears to be relatively backward and ineffective in dealing with the decentralized trading status quo. Therefore, in addition to the traditional regulatory dimensions, it is imperative to bring science and technology governance into the regulatory approach and form a two-dimensional regulatory system to deal with the risks and possible challenges in the connotation of Fintech. Science and technology governance based on emerging technologies such as big data and block chain will reshape the existing regulatory system. The data-driven regulatory core will build an intelligent regulatory platform,break through the traditional regulatory dilemma,realize distributed and equal regulation,and finally maintain the stability of the financial market with innovative regulation.
引文
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[2]Ma Y,Liu D.2017.Introduction to the special issue on Crowdfunding and FinTech[J].Financial Innovation,3(1).
[3]Brummer C.2015.Disruptive Technology and Securities Regulation[J].Fordham law review/edited by Fordham law students,84(3).
[4]Rui Wang,Zhangxi Lin,Hang Luo.2018.Blockchain,bank credit and SME financing[J].Quality&Quantity,53(3).
[5]Baxter L G.2016.Adaptive Financial Regulation and Regtech:A Concept Article on Realistic Protection for Victims of Bank Failures[J].Duke Law Journal,66.
[6]Arner D W,Nathan B J,Buckley R P.2017.FinTech and RegTech in a Nutshell,and the Future in a Sandbox[J].SSRN Electronic Journal.
[7]Carter R B,Marchant G E.2011.Principles-Based Regulation and Emerging Technology[M].The Growing Gap Between Emerging Technologies and Legal-Ethical Oversight.Springer Netherlands.
[8]杨群.周小川:金融要引入控制理论思维,达到金融系统稳定性[EB/OL].http://finance.sina.com.cn/money/bank/bank_hydt/2018-05-19/doc-ihaturfs8379551.shtml.
[9]国购基金.周小川:没牌照的要抓紧,牌照多了要当心[EB/OL].http://www.sohu.com/a/198937425_481705.
[10]巴曙松,白海峰.金融科技的发展历程与核心技术应用场景探索[J].清华金融评论,2016,(11).
[11]钟慧安.金融科技发展与风险防范研究[J].金融发展研究,2018,(3).
[12]皮天雷,刘垚森,吴鸿燕.金融科技:内涵、逻辑与风险监管[J].财经科学,2018,(9).
[13]周仲飞,李敬伟.金融科技背景下金融监管范式的转变[J].法学研究,2018,40(5).
[14]李继尊.关于互联网金融的思考[J].管理世界,2015,(7).
[15]杨东.互联网金融治理新思维[J].中国金融,2016,(23).
[16]李扬,孙国峰.中国金融科技发展报告(2018)[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2018.