陈桥东湖浮游植物群落结构与环境因子的关系
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摘要
为研究陈桥东湖浮游植物群落的时空变化及其与环境因子之间的关系,于2017年1月、4月、7月和10月对陈桥东湖的4个样点进行采样调查.调查共发现浮游植物8门67属118种.其中绿藻种类最多,共47种,硅藻其次,共35种.浮游植物丰度变化为2.52～39.7×106 cells·L-1,平均丰度为8.54×106 cells·L-1,最高值出现在夏季.硅藻为陈桥东湖冬季的主要优势种类,绿藻和蓝藻则在夏、秋季节占优势.利用修正的卡尔森营养状态指数(TSIM)来评价水质,结果显示陈桥东湖整体呈现富营养化状况,且夏季水质最差,冬季相对较好,主要与人为干扰有关.浮游植物丰度与环境因子的相关性分析表明,蓝藻、绿藻与营养盐及水温极显著正相关(P<0.01).金藻则与水温呈极显著负相关,与溶解氧呈极显著正相关(P<0.01).典范对应分析(CCA)结果表明,溶解氧、水温、pH、总氮、透明度和化学需氧量是影响陈桥东湖浮游植物优势种变化的重要环境因子.
In order to study the spatio-temporal variations of phytoplankton community and its relationship with environmental factors in Chenqiao East Lake,four sites were sampled in January,April,July and October of 2017.During this period,118 phytoplankton species,from 8 phyla and 67 genera were recorded.The most diverse group was the green algae(47 spp,29 genera),followed by diatoms(35 spp.,15 genera).The abundance of the phyplankton was varied from 2.52×106 to 3.97×107 cells·L-1,the average abundance was 8.54× 106 cells·L-1,the highest value occurred in the summer.Bacillariophyta dominating during the winter,while Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta dominating during the summer and autumn.Using TSIMIndex to evaluated the water quality,the results showed that Chenqiao East Lake was eutrophication,with the worst in summer and the relatively good in winter,which was mainly related to human interference.Correlation analysis between phytoplankton abundance and environmental factors showed that,cyanobacteria and green algae were significantly positive correlation with nutrients and water temperature(P <0.01),Chrysophyta was significantly negative correlation with water temperature and significantly positive correlation with dissolved oxygen(P <0.01).Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)results showed that dissolved oxygen,water temperature,pH,total nitrogen,transparency and Chemical oxygen demand are important environmental factors that affect the dominant species of phytoplankton in Chenqiao East Lake.
In order to study the spatio-temporal variations of phytoplankton community and its relationship with environmental factors in Chenqiao East Lake,four sites were sampled in January,April,July and October of 2017.During this period,118 phytoplankton species,from 8 phyla and 67 genera were recorded.The most diverse group was the green algae(47 spp,29 genera),followed by diatoms(35 spp.,15 genera).The abundance of the phyplankton was varied from 2.52×106 to 3.97×107 cells·L-1,the average abundance was 8.54× 106 cells·L-1,the highest value occurred in the summer.Bacillariophyta dominating during the winter,while Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta dominating during the summer and autumn.Using TSIMIndex to evaluated the water quality,the results showed that Chenqiao East Lake was eutrophication,with the worst in summer and the relatively good in winter,which was mainly related to human interference.Correlation analysis between phytoplankton abundance and environmental factors showed that,cyanobacteria and green algae were significantly positive correlation with nutrients and water temperature(P <0.01),Chrysophyta was significantly negative correlation with water temperature and significantly positive correlation with dissolved oxygen(P <0.01).Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)results showed that dissolved oxygen,water temperature,pH,total nitrogen,transparency and Chemical oxygen demand are important environmental factors that affect the dominant species of phytoplankton in Chenqiao East Lake.
引文
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[2]鞠永富,于洪贤,于婷,等.西泉眼水库夏季浮游动物群落结构特征及水质评价[J].生态学报,2016,36(16):5126-5132.
[3]洪松,陈静生.中国河流水生生物群落结构特征探讨[J].水生生物学报,2002,26(3):295-305.
[4]Salmaso N,Morabito G,Buzzi F,et al.Phytoplankton as an indicator of the water quality of the deep lakes south of the alps[J].Hydrobiologia,2006,563(1):167-187.
[5]任辉,田恬,杨宇峰,等.珠江口南沙河涌浮游植物群落结构时空变化及其与环境因子的关系[J].生态学报,2017,37(22):7729-7740.
[6]Ter Braak C J F.Canonical Correspondence Analysis:a new eigenvector technique for multivariate direct gradient analysis[J].Ecology,1986,67(5):1167.
[7]Naselli-Flores L.Phytoplankton assemblages in twenty-one Sicilian reservoirs:relationships between species composition and environmental factors[J].Hydrobiologia,2000,424(1-3):1-11.
[8]胡俊,郑金秀,池仕运,等.苏皖交界河网区浮游植物群落结构及其与环境因子关系的研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2017,26(2):282-288.
[9]陈丹琴,叶然,魏永杰,等.三门湾浮游植物群落结构与环境因子的关系研究[J].海洋环境科学,2017,36(1):70-75.
[10]张家洋.新乡黄河湿地恢复研究[J].现代农业科技,2010,(11):305-307.
[11]徐文茜,汤茜,丁圣彦.河南新乡黄河湿地鸟类国家级自然保护区景观格局动态分析[J].湿地科学,2016,14(2):101-107.
[12]陈大庆.河流水生生物调查指南[M].北京:科学出版社,2014:315.
[13]章宗涉,黄祥飞.淡水浮游生物研究方法[M].北京:科学出版社,1995.
[14]金相灿,屠清瑛.湖泊富营养化调查规范[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990.
[15]国家环境保护总局《水和废水监测分析方法》编委会.水和废水监测分析方法[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[16]吕唤春,王飞儿,陈英旭,等.千岛湖水体叶绿素a与相关环境因子的多元分析[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(8):144-147.
[17] Flores L N,Barone R.Phytoplankton dynamics in two reservoirs with different trophic state(Lake Rosamarina and Lake Arancio,Sicily,Italy)[J].Hydrobiologia,1998,369-370:163-178.
[18]周然,彭士涛,覃雪波,等.渤海湾浮游植物与环境因子关系的多元分析[J].环境科学,2013,34(3):50-59.
[19]沈会涛,刘存歧.白洋淀浮游植物群落及其与环境因子的典范对应分析[J].湖泊科学,2008,20(6):773-779.
[20]邱小琮.宁夏沙湖浮游植物与水环境因子关系的研究[J].环境科学,2012,33(7):123-129.
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[24]鲁蕾,吴亦潇,张维昊.城市小型湖泊浮游植物群落结构特征及演替规律——以武汉沙湖为例[J].生态学报,2017,37(18):5993-6004.
[25]石晓丹,阮晓红,邢雅囡,等.苏州平原河网区浅水湖泊冬夏季浮游植物群落与环境因子的典范对应分析[J].环境科学,2008,29(11):9-18.
[26]陈洋,胡晓东,张建华,等.太湖不同区域浮游植物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系[J].水生态学杂志,2017,38(3):38-44.
[27]王宇飞,赵秀兰,何丙辉,等.汉丰湖夏季浮游植物群落与环境因子的典范对应分析[J].环境科学,2015,36(3):922-927.
[28]孟睿,何连生,过龙根,等.长江中下游草型湖泊浮游植物群落及其与环境因子的典范对应分析[J].环境科学,2013,34(7):94-102.
[29]李思阳,张娟,姚玲爱,等.西枝江流域浮游植物群落结构特征与主要环境因子的关系研究[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(6):52-60.
[30]邓建明,蔡永久,陈宇炜,等.洪湖浮游植物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系[J].湖泊科学,2010,22(1):72-80.