如何激发员工环保行为?基于元分析的问卷研究
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摘要
在企业环保问题日益严峻背景下,员工环保行为成为新的研究热点。虽然已有丰富的研究成果,却缺乏整合性研究。本研究先通过元分析研究弥补上述不足,并利用问卷调查对整合性结果进行本土适用性检测,并探索因素间的形成机制。元分析结果表明,环保变革型领导、环保内部动机、环保承诺与员工环保行为的相关系数均大于0.53,有很强正相关关系,为员工环保行为的主要影响因素。以336名本土企业员工为样本,调查结果发现:(1)元分析结果在本土的适用性良好,环保变革型领导、环保内部动机、环保承诺的总效应值均大于0.47;(2)环保变革型领导对员工环保行为没有直接影响,通过先影响环保内部动机,再影响环保承诺,进而影响员工环保行为;(3)环保内部动机与环保承诺起到完全中介的作用。本研究探索了员工环保行为的主要影响因素以及内部机制,对员工环保行为管理实践具有指导意义。
With the highlight of corporate environmental problems, perspective such as employee environmental behavior becoming a new hot point. Although the former researches have been abundant, but the existing abroad literature lack of integration. Firstly, we use meta-analysis to make up the above shortcomings. Secondly, this study test effectiveness of the result by use of survey, and explore the formation mechanism furtherly. Through the metaanalysis, we found three variables: environmental transformational leadership, environmental intrinsic motivation and environmental commitment. The result of correlation coefficient between these variables and employee's environmental are all greater than 0.53. Using a sample of 336 local employees, we found that:(1) all the factors have good applicability, the effect size better than 0.47;(2) environmental transformational leadership has no direct effect on the employee's environmental behaviors, but affect it through environmental intrinsic motivation and environmental commitment;(3) environmental intrinsic motivation and environmental commitment mediated the relationship between environmental transformational leadership and employee's environmental behaviors. This study has enriched the mechanism of employees' environmental behavior.
With the highlight of corporate environmental problems, perspective such as employee environmental behavior becoming a new hot point. Although the former researches have been abundant, but the existing abroad literature lack of integration. Firstly, we use meta-analysis to make up the above shortcomings. Secondly, this study test effectiveness of the result by use of survey, and explore the formation mechanism furtherly. Through the metaanalysis, we found three variables: environmental transformational leadership, environmental intrinsic motivation and environmental commitment. The result of correlation coefficient between these variables and employee's environmental are all greater than 0.53. Using a sample of 336 local employees, we found that:(1) all the factors have good applicability, the effect size better than 0.47;(2) environmental transformational leadership has no direct effect on the employee's environmental behaviors, but affect it through environmental intrinsic motivation and environmental commitment;(3) environmental intrinsic motivation and environmental commitment mediated the relationship between environmental transformational leadership and employee's environmental behaviors. This study has enriched the mechanism of employees' environmental behavior.
引文
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5.姚丽芬,龙如银.(2017).基于扎根理论的游客员工环保行为影响因素研究.重庆大学学报(社会科学版),(1),17-25.
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2.*梅鹏.(2016).亲环境领导对员工亲环境行为影响的作用机制研究(硕士学位论文).南京:南京财经大学.
3.秦颖.(2006).企业环境管理的驱动力研究(博士学位论文).大连:大连理工大学.
4.*邢璐,林钰莹,何欣露,彭坚.(2017).理性与感性的较量:责任型领导影响下属绿色行为的双路径探讨.中国人力资源开发,34(1),31-40.
5.姚丽芬,龙如银.(2017).基于扎根理论的游客员工环保行为影响因素研究.重庆大学学报(社会科学版),(1),17-25.
6.*虞佳丽.(2013).环境知识与环境态度、环境行为的关系研究--以A石化公司员工为研究对象(硕士学位论文).上海:华东理工大学.
7.*Afsar,B.,Badir,Y.,&Kiani,U.S.(2016).Linking spiritual leadership and employee pro-environmental behavior:The influence of workplace spirituality,intrinsic motivation,and environmental passion.Journal of Environmental Psychology,45,79-88.
8.Akroyd,D.,Legg,J.,Jackowski,M.B.,&Adams,R.D.(2009).The impact of selected organizational variables and managerial leadership on radiation therapists'organizational commitment.Radiography,15(2),113-120.
9.Allen,N.J.,&Meyer,J.P.(1990).The measurement and antecedents of affective,continuance and normative commitment to the organization.Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology,63(1),1-18.
10.*Amenumey,F.(2015).Variables that impact environmental sustainability behaviors of employees in the textile manufacturing industry in ghana(Unpublished doctorial dissertation).Twin Cities:University of Minnesota.
11.*Andersson,L.,Shivarajan,S.,&Blau,G.(2005).Enacting ecological sustainability in the MNC:A test of an adapted value-belief-norm framework.Journal of Business Ethics,59(3),295-305.
12.*Blok,V.,Wesselink,R.,Studynka,O.,&Kemp,R.(2015).Encouraging sustainability in the workplace:A survey on the pro-environmental behaviour of university employees.Journal of Cleaner Production,106,55-67.
13.Boiral,O.(2009).Greening the corporation through organizational citizenship behaviors.Journal of Business Ethics,87(2),221-236.
14.Boiral,O.,Talbot,D.,&Paillé,P.(2015).Leading by example:A model of organizational citizenship behavior for the environment.Business Strategy and the Environment,24(6),532-550.
15.*Bolderdijk,J.W.,Gorsira,M.,Keizer,K.,&Steg,L.(2013).Values determine the(in)effectiveness of informational interventions in promoting pro-environmental behavior.Plos One,8(12),e83911.
16.Bono,J.E.,&Judge,T.A.(2003).Self-concordance at work:Toward understanding the motivational effects of transformational leaders.Academy of Management Journal,46(5),554-571.
17.Bycio,P.,Hackett,R.D.,&Allen,J.S.(1995).Further assessments of Bass's(1985)conceptualization of transactional and transformational leadership.Journal of Applied Psychology,80(4),468-478.
18.*Cantor,D.E.,Morrow,P.C.,&Blackhurst,J.(2015).An examination of how supervisors influence their subordinates to engage in environmental behaviors.Decision Sciences,46(4),697-729.
19.*Cantor,D.E.,Morrow,P.C.,&Montabon,F.(2012).Engagement in environmental behaviors among supply chain management employees:An organizational support theoretical perspective.Journal of Supply Chain Management,48(3),33-51.
20.Carless,S.A.,Wearing,A.J.,&Mann,L.(2000).A short measure of transformational leadership.Journal of Business and Psychology,14(3),389-405.
21.*Carmeli,A.,Brammer,S.,Gomes,E.,&Tarba,S.Y.(2017).An organizational ethic of care and employee involvement in sustainability-related behaviors:A social identity perspective.Journal of Organizational Behavior,38(9),1380-1395.
22.*Carrico,A.R.,&Riemer,M.(2011).Motivating energy conservation in the workplace:An evaluation of the use of grouplevel feedback and peer education.Journal of Environmental Psychology,31(1),1-13.
23.?etinkaya,A.?.(2011).The impact of employee motivation on emotional commitment:Research undertaken in a five-star hotel.Journal of Transnational Management,16(3),149-156.
24.*Chan,E.S.,Hon,A.H.,Chan,W.,&Okumus,F.(2014).What drives employees’intentions to implement green practices in hotels?The role of knowledge,awareness,concern and ecological behaviour.International Journal of Hospitality Management,40,20-28.
25.*Chan,E.S.,Hon,A.H.,Okumus,F.,&Chan,W.(2017).An empirical study of environmental practices and employee ecological behavior in the hotel industry.Journal of Hospitality&Tourism Research,41(5),585-608.
26.Chen,Y.S.,&Chang,C.H.(2013).The determinants of green product development performance:Green dynamic capabilities,green transformational leadership,and green creativity.Journal of Business Ethics,116(1),107-119.
27.*Chou,C.J.(2014).Hotels'environmental policies and employee personal environmental beliefs:Interactions and outcomes.Tourism Management,40,436-446.
28.Cooperhakim,A.,&Viswesvaran,C.(2005).The construct of work commitment:Testing an integrative framework.Psychological Bulletin,131(2),241-59.
29.*Cordano,M.,&Frieze,I.H.(2000).Pollution reduction preferences of US environmental managers:Applying Ajzen's theory of planned behavior.Academy of Management Journal,43(4),627-641.
30.Daily,B.F.,Bishop,J.W.,&Govindarajulu,N.(2009).Aconceptual model for organizational citizenship behavior directed toward the environment.Business&Society,48(2),243-256.
31.De Baerdemaeker,J.,&Bruggeman,W.(2015).The impact of participation in strategic planning on managers'creation of budgetary slack:The mediating role of autonomous motivation and affective organisational commitment.Management Accounting Research,29,1-12.
32.*Erdogan,B.,Bauer,T.N.,&Taylor,S.(2015).Management commitment to the ecological environment and employees:Implications for employee attitudes and citizenship behaviors.Human Relations,68(11),1669-1691.
33.Fernández,E.,Junquera,B.,&Ordiz,M.(2003).Organizational culture and human resources in the environmental issue:A review of the literature.International Journal of Human Resource Management,14(4),634-656.
34.Gagné,M.,Chemolli,E.,Forest,J.,&Koestner,R.(2008).A temporal analysis of the relation between organisational commitment and work motivation.Psychologica Belgica,48(2-3),219-241.
35.Gagné,M.,&Deci,E.L.(2005).Self-determination theory and work motivation.Journal of Organizational Behavior,26(4),331-362.
36.*Gkorezis,P.(2015).Supervisor support and proenvironmental behavior:The mediating role of LMX.Management Decision,53(5),1045-1060.
37.Glass,G.V.(1976).Primary,secondary,and metaanalysis of research.Educational Researcher,5(10),3-8.
38.Govindarajulu,N.,&Daily,B.F.(2004).Motivating employees for environmental improvement.Industrial Management&Data Systems,104(4),364-372.
39.*Graves,L.M.,Sarkis,J.,&Zhu,Q.(2013).How transformational leadership and employee motivation combine to predict employee proenvironmental behaviors in China.Journal of Environmental Psychology,35(8),81-91.
40.Herscovitch,L.,&Meyer,J.P.(2002).Commitment to organizational change:Extension of a three-component model.Journal of Applied Psychology,87(3),474-487.
41.Jackson,S.E.,Ones,D.S.,&Dilchert,S.(2012).Managing human resources for environmental sustainability.John Wiley&Sons.
42.Jackson,T.A.,Meyer,J.P.,&Wang,X.H.(2013).Leadership,commitment,and culture:A meta-analysis.Journal of Leadership&Organizational Studies,20(1),84-106.
43.Judge,T.A.,Bono,J.E.,Erez,A.,&Locke,E.A.(2005).Core self-evaluations and job and life satisfaction:The role of self-concordance and goal attainment.Journal of Applied Psychology,90(2),257-268.
44.Jung,D.I.,&Avolio,B.J.(2000).Opening the black box:An experimental investigation of the mediating effects of trust and value congruence on transformational and transactional leadership.Journal of Organizational Behavior,21(8),949-964.
45.*Kim,A.,Kim,Y.,Han,K.,Jackson,S.E.,&Ployhart,R.E.(2017).Multilevel influences on voluntary workplace green behavior:Individual differences,leader behavior,and coworker advocacy.Journal of Management,43(5),1335-1358.
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