基于相位差法的稀疏孔径基准子镜的选择
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摘要
介绍了相位差法基本原理,应用相位差法估算稀疏孔径成像系统各子镜误差,分析基准子镜对相位差法计算结果的影响.以Golay3稀疏孔径为例,提出利用稀疏孔径成像系统中的每个子镜单独对目标物成像,计算每个子镜的焦面成像图与原目标物图的算术平均值标准偏差(AMSD),将AMSD值最小的子镜设为基准子镜.分析在实际运用中基准子镜误差大小对系统剩余子镜误差估算精度的影响,最后讨论离焦量对相位差法计算精度的影响.理论仿真表明:利用相位差法对稀疏孔径成像系统各子镜误差进行估算时,必须先确定基准子镜;AMSD值越小,对应子镜的误差也越小,将其作为基准子镜,利用相位差法计算出的系统剩余子镜的误差也越小;在相位差法的计算过程中,改变离焦像的离焦量对计算结果影响不明显.
The principle of phase diversity(PD)is firstly introduced.The effect of the benchmark sub-mirror of sparse aperture imaging system on PD is illustrated.Taking Golay3 sparse aperture as an example,the object is imaged by each sub-mirror of the imaging system.The arithmetic mean standard deviation(AMSD)between images of each sub-mirror and the original object is calculated,and the sub-mirror with minimum AMSD value is selected as the benchmark sub-mirror.The influence of errors of the benchmark sub-mirror which are unknown practically on the accuracy of error estimation of the other sub-mirrors is analyzed.The impact of the defocus amount on the results of PD is also discussed.It is shown that the benchmark sub-mirror must be confirmed before error estimation of the other sub-mirrors of the sparse aperture imaging system with PD.The smaller the AMSD value is,the smaller the error of the corresponding sub-mirror is,the smaller the error of the residual sub-mirrors in the system calculated by PD method is,while the variation of the defocus amount has little influence on PD results.
The principle of phase diversity(PD)is firstly introduced.The effect of the benchmark sub-mirror of sparse aperture imaging system on PD is illustrated.Taking Golay3 sparse aperture as an example,the object is imaged by each sub-mirror of the imaging system.The arithmetic mean standard deviation(AMSD)between images of each sub-mirror and the original object is calculated,and the sub-mirror with minimum AMSD value is selected as the benchmark sub-mirror.The influence of errors of the benchmark sub-mirror which are unknown practically on the accuracy of error estimation of the other sub-mirrors is analyzed.The impact of the defocus amount on the results of PD is also discussed.It is shown that the benchmark sub-mirror must be confirmed before error estimation of the other sub-mirrors of the sparse aperture imaging system with PD.The smaller the AMSD value is,the smaller the error of the corresponding sub-mirror is,the smaller the error of the residual sub-mirrors in the system calculated by PD method is,while the variation of the defocus amount has little influence on PD results.
引文
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12 Fan J L,Wu Q Y,Wang J,et al..Cramer-Rao analysis of three-channel phase diverse wave-front sensing for Golay3aperture[C].SPIE/COS Photonics Asia,2014,9276:92761S.
13 Cao Fang,Wu Zhen,Zhu Yongtian.Misalignment sensing for optical aperture synthesis telescope using phase diversity[J].Astronomical Research&Technology,2008,5(3):288-293.曹芳,吴桢,朱永田.基于相位差法的光学综合孔径望远镜失调检测技术[J].天文研究与技术(国家天文台台刊),2008,5(3):288-293.
14 Liu Zhiying.Study on the sub-aperture stitching optical system[D].Changchun:Changchun University of Science and Technology,2007:75-83.刘智颖.子孔径拼接光学系统的研究[D].长春:长春理工大学,2007:75-83.
15 Zhou Qingcai,Shen Zeyi,Li Min.The adjustment and test of the synthetic aperture optical system[J].Journal of Changchun University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2010,33(2):11-14.周庆才,沈泽轶,李敏.组合孔径光学系统的装调和检测[J].长春理工大学学报(自然科学版),2010,33(2):11-14.
16 Li Qiang,Shen Mangzuo.Measurement of telescope aberrations using phase-diversity method[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2007,27(9):1553-1557.李强,沈忙作.利用相位差法测量望远镜像差[J].光学学报,2007,27(9):1553-1557.
2 Meinel A B,Meinel P M.Large sparse-aperture space optical systems[J].Optical Engineering,2002,41(8):1983-1994.
3 Wei Xiaofeng,Geng Zexun,Shen Chen,et al..Multiple imaging method of optical synthetic aperture system with phase error limits improved[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2014,34(4):0411001.魏小峰,耿则勋,沈忱,等.提高相位误差容限的光学合成孔径多帧成像方法[J].光学学报,2014,34(4):0411001.
4 Flores J F,Strojnik M,Páez G,et al..Effects of misalignment errors on the optical transfer functions of synthetic aperture telescopes[J].Applied Optics,2004,43(32):5926-5932.
5 Cao Rui,Zhao Zhiliang,Zheng Liehua,et al..Subaperture cophasing technique of segmented mirror[J].Laser&Optoelectronics Progress,2015,52(5):051201.曹睿,赵智亮,郑列华,等.合成口径子镜测试拼接技术[J].激光与光电子学进展,2015,52(5):051201.
6 Lu Tianan,Li Hongping.Phase error compensation in airborne synthetic aperture lidar data processing[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2015,35(8):0801002.鲁天安,李洪平.机载合成孔径激光雷达相位误差补偿研究[J].光学学报,2015,35(8):0801002.
7 Paxman R G,Fienup J R.Optical misalignment sensing and image reconstruction using phase diversity[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America A,1988,5(5),914-923.
8 Blanc A,Mugnier L M,Idier J.Marginal estimation of aberrations and image restoration by use of phase diversity[J].Journal of the Optical Society of America A,2003,20(6),1035-1045.
9 Vogel C R,Chan T F,Plemmons R J.Fast algorithms for Phase diversity-based blind deconvolution[C].SPIE,1998,3353:994-1005.
10 Vedrenne N,Mugnier L M,Vincent M,et al..Laser beam complex amplitude measurement by phase diversity[J].Optics Express,2014,22(4):4575-4589.
11 Chen Xinhua,Shen Weimin.Fast phase retrieval for annular pupil using spot image[J].Chinese J Lasers,2014,41(4):0408002.陈新华,沈为民.基于星点像的环形光瞳快速相位复原[J].中国激光,2014,41(4):0408002.
12 Fan J L,Wu Q Y,Wang J,et al..Cramer-Rao analysis of three-channel phase diverse wave-front sensing for Golay3aperture[C].SPIE/COS Photonics Asia,2014,9276:92761S.
13 Cao Fang,Wu Zhen,Zhu Yongtian.Misalignment sensing for optical aperture synthesis telescope using phase diversity[J].Astronomical Research&Technology,2008,5(3):288-293.曹芳,吴桢,朱永田.基于相位差法的光学综合孔径望远镜失调检测技术[J].天文研究与技术(国家天文台台刊),2008,5(3):288-293.
14 Liu Zhiying.Study on the sub-aperture stitching optical system[D].Changchun:Changchun University of Science and Technology,2007:75-83.刘智颖.子孔径拼接光学系统的研究[D].长春:长春理工大学,2007:75-83.
15 Zhou Qingcai,Shen Zeyi,Li Min.The adjustment and test of the synthetic aperture optical system[J].Journal of Changchun University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2010,33(2):11-14.周庆才,沈泽轶,李敏.组合孔径光学系统的装调和检测[J].长春理工大学学报(自然科学版),2010,33(2):11-14.
16 Li Qiang,Shen Mangzuo.Measurement of telescope aberrations using phase-diversity method[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2007,27(9):1553-1557.李强,沈忙作.利用相位差法测量望远镜像差[J].光学学报,2007,27(9):1553-1557.