国家治理现代化视域下多中心治理的法内冲突与化解
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摘要
国家治理体系和治理能力现代化是我国政治发展方向,强调形成以中国共产党为领导核心的多中心治理秩序。多中心治理要求政府、社会组织与公民在公共治理上实现协同共治,政府和社会组织参与公共治理的合法性源自公民,公民参与公共治理的合法性为自然权利。从理论上讲,以主体论视域下发生的法内冲突类型与法内冲突的三种不同形式同时作为划分标准,中国共产党领导下的多中心治理法内冲突可分为十六种类型,主要存有不同治理主体之间发生冲突和同类治理主体内部发生冲突两种面向。考虑到我国现实国情,除《中华人民共和国立法法》规定的法内冲突化解方法之外,解决其他法内冲突的路径设计应当对是否牵涉宪法权利作出区别对待,倘若牵涉宪法权利,主张完善人民代表大会制度化解法内冲突;倘若未牵涉宪法权利,主张引入判例法化解法内冲突。
The modernization of national governance system and governance capacity is the direction for political development in China,which particularly emphasizes the multi-center governance order under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.Multi-center governance requires government,social organizations and citizens to take part in the governance together.The legitimacy of the government and social organizations participating in public governance is from the citizens and the legitimacy of the citizen's participation is their natural rights.In theory,the conflicts in the law and the overlap of the three different forms of conflicts in the law that occur under the perspective of subject theory are used as the standard of division.There are 16 types of conflicts in the multi-center governance under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.Two main types of conflicts between different governance entities and internal conflicts of similar governance entities exist.In view of China's actual national conditions,the pathdesign for resolving other conflicts in the law should be treated differently by considering whether such conflicts involve constitutional rights,except those stipulated in the Legislation Law of the People's Republic of China.If conflicts in the law involve constitutional rights,we should turn to the People's Congress and its standing committee;if not,we should introduce case law to resolve them.
The modernization of national governance system and governance capacity is the direction for political development in China,which particularly emphasizes the multi-center governance order under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.Multi-center governance requires government,social organizations and citizens to take part in the governance together.The legitimacy of the government and social organizations participating in public governance is from the citizens and the legitimacy of the citizen's participation is their natural rights.In theory,the conflicts in the law and the overlap of the three different forms of conflicts in the law that occur under the perspective of subject theory are used as the standard of division.There are 16 types of conflicts in the multi-center governance under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.Two main types of conflicts between different governance entities and internal conflicts of similar governance entities exist.In view of China's actual national conditions,the pathdesign for resolving other conflicts in the law should be treated differently by considering whether such conflicts involve constitutional rights,except those stipulated in the Legislation Law of the People's Republic of China.If conflicts in the law involve constitutional rights,we should turn to the People's Congress and its standing committee;if not,we should introduce case law to resolve them.
引文
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[25]刘士国.判例法与法解释——创建我国判例制度的探讨[J].法学论坛,2001(2):40-50.
[26]李武装.国家治理及其现代化的哲学视野——兼论福山的“政治秩序论”和法曼的“脆弱性理论”[J].内蒙古社会科学(汉文版),2017,38(6):52-58.
[2]何阳.人民调解解纷数量变化实况及其原因新论——基于1986—2009年的数据分析[J].乐山师范学院学报,2016,31(10):80-85.
[3]迈克尔·麦金尼斯.多中心体制与地方公共经济[M].上海:上海三联书店,2000:45.
[4]包心鉴.制度现代化:国家治理现代化的实质与指向[J].社会科学研究,2015(2):6-10.
[5]张劲松.论全球治理过程中的中西价值冲突及其消解[J].学海,2008(4):65-71.
[6]操小娟.合作治理的法律困境和出路[J].武汉大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2008,61(2):250-255.
[7]张明霞,范鑫涛.经典马克思主义的“国家-社会”关系理论要义[J].人文杂志,2015(5):22-25.
[8]肖瑛.从“国家与社会”到“制度与生活”:中国社会制度变迁研究的视角转换[J].中国社会科学,2014(9):88-104.
[9]于水.多中心治理与现实运用[J].江海学刊,2005(5):105-110.
[10]郑杭生.社会学概论新修[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2009:172.
[11]刘振国.中国社会组织的治理创新——基于地方政府实践的分析[J].经济社会体制比较,2010(3):137-144.
[12]何阳.论我国社会组织供给社会服务的实现方式[J].成都理工大学学报(社会科学版),2015,23(5):72-77.
[13]杨光斌.公民参与和当下中国的治道变革[J].社会科学研究,2009(1):18-30.
[14]俞可平.论国家治理现代化(修订版)[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2015:29.
[15]姚大志.善治与合法性[J].中国人民大学学报,2015(1):46-55.
[16]苏力.从契约理论到社会契约理论——一种国家学说的知识考古学[J].中国社会科学,1996(3):79-103.
[17]约翰·洛克.政府论(下篇)[M].叶启芳,翟菊农,译.上海:商务印书馆,1964:77-78.
[18]汪涛,刘丹.解读整体与部分——兼论G.E.摩尔的有机统一原理[J].理论月刊,2006(5):62-64.
[19]斯科特·戈登.控制国家——西方宪政的历史[M].庄奇,译.南京:江苏人民出版社,2001:73,77-78.
[20]刘炳君.判例法之中国本土化价值论[J].政法论丛,2003(1):44-47.
[21]张骐.判例法的比较研究——兼论中国建立判例法的意义、制度基础与操作[J].比较法研究,2002(4):79-94.
[22]张雅萍.中国判例法援用的可行性分析——以社会主义法治理念为视角[J].学习与探索,2009(4):107-109.
[23]麻昌华.民商法论丛[M].香港:金桥文化出版有限公司,2002:230.
[24]博登海默.法理学——法律哲学与法律方法[M].邓正来,译.北京:中国政法大学出版社,2004:422.
[25]刘士国.判例法与法解释——创建我国判例制度的探讨[J].法学论坛,2001(2):40-50.
[26]李武装.国家治理及其现代化的哲学视野——兼论福山的“政治秩序论”和法曼的“脆弱性理论”[J].内蒙古社会科学(汉文版),2017,38(6):52-58.