从“北京共识”到“中国模式”——改革开放以来海外学者对“中国道路”的研究进展
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摘要
中国改革开放的成功,标志着中国逐渐走出了一条适合本国国情的现代化之路,即中国特色社会主义道路,简称"中国道路"。这条道路既不同于经典马克思主义描述的社会主义道路,更不同于美国等西方国家推行的以新自由主义理论为基础的资本主义道路。这种特殊性自然引起了海外学者对"中国道路"本质、基本特征、可复制性、可持续性的研究与争论;与此同时,在这个过程中,也激起了他们对资本主义发展模式的内在弊端及其在拉美等发展中国家实践失败的重新思考。本文通过系统梳理各个阶段的重要代表性文献,呈现海外学者对"中国道路"的研究脉络与主要论点,揭示背后的不同关怀与不同立场,提炼可资借鉴的核心范畴与关键维度;在此基础上,认为国内"中国道路"研究应该回到原点,即科学社会主义的创立者卡尔·马克思与现代政治经济学之父亚当·斯密,在全球史与大的理论脉络中去与世界对话。
The success of China's reform and opening up indicates that China has gradually embarked on a path to modernization that suits its national reality, namely "the Path of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics" or "China Path" for short. This path is not only different from the path of socialism described by classical Marxism, but also from the path of capitalism based on neoliberal theory and promoted by the United States and other Western countries. This particularity has attracted overseas scholars to study the nature, features, reproducibility and sustainability of "China Path"; at the same time, in this process it has also urged them to rethink the inherent drawbacks of capitalism development model and its failure of practice in developing countries such as Latin America ones. By examining the important representative literature of each stage, this article presents the main arguments of overseas scholars on "China Path", reveals the different concerns and different positions behind, and refines the core concepts and key dimensions that can be used by Chinese scholars for reference; on the basis of discussion above, this article further suggests that the domestic research on "China Path" should start from the founder of scientific socialism, Karl Marx, and the father of modern political economics, Adam Smith, and engage in conversation with the world in the context of global history and big theory.
The success of China's reform and opening up indicates that China has gradually embarked on a path to modernization that suits its national reality, namely "the Path of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics" or "China Path" for short. This path is not only different from the path of socialism described by classical Marxism, but also from the path of capitalism based on neoliberal theory and promoted by the United States and other Western countries. This particularity has attracted overseas scholars to study the nature, features, reproducibility and sustainability of "China Path"; at the same time, in this process it has also urged them to rethink the inherent drawbacks of capitalism development model and its failure of practice in developing countries such as Latin America ones. By examining the important representative literature of each stage, this article presents the main arguments of overseas scholars on "China Path", reveals the different concerns and different positions behind, and refines the core concepts and key dimensions that can be used by Chinese scholars for reference; on the basis of discussion above, this article further suggests that the domestic research on "China Path" should start from the founder of scientific socialism, Karl Marx, and the father of modern political economics, Adam Smith, and engage in conversation with the world in the context of global history and big theory.
引文
(1)Francis Fukuyama,The End of History and the Last Man,Free Press,1992.
(1)Ewelina Ró?a Lubieniecka,"Chinese Engagement in Sub-Sabaran Africa;Can the Beijing Consensus be Explained Under Word-Systems Analysis?",Fudan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences,Vol.7,No.3,2014,p.433.
(2)Huihua Nie,Collusion,Local Governments and Development in China:A Reflection on the China,Spring Nature,2017,pp.3-4.
(3)Minglu Chen and David S.G.Goodman,"The China Model:One County,Six Authors",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.21,No.73,2012,p.170.
(4)胡耀邦:《全面开创社会主义现代化建设的新局面:在中国共产党第十二次全国代表大会上的报告》,人民网(http://cpc.people.com.cn/GB/64162/64168/64565/65448/4526430.html.)
(5)林毅夫:《邓小平的经济预测保守了》,新浪网(http://finance.sina.com.cn/zl/china/20140820/115320066940.shtml.)
(6)Minglu Chen and David S.G.Goodman,"The China Model:One County,Six Authors",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.21,No.73,2012,p.170.
(7)International Monetary Fund,World Economic Outlook,统计时代网(http://statisticstimes.com/economy/countries-by-projected-gdp.php.)
(8)Central Intelligence Agency,"China",World Fact Book,美国中央情报局网(https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ch.html.)
(9)Central Intelligence Agency,"Exports-partners",World Fact Book,2018,美国中央情报局网(https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2050.html.);Central Intelligence Agency,"Exportspartners",World Fact Book,美国中央情报局网(https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2061.html.)
(1)"Quaterly Chronicle and Documentation(October-December 1978)",The China Quaterly,Vol.77,No.1,1979,pp.157-216.
(2)Kavaljit Singh,"From Beijing Consensus to Washington Consensus:China’s Journey to Liberalization and Globalization",Asia-Pacific Journal,No.7,2002.
(3)Joshua Cooper Ramo,The Beijing Consensus,The Foreign Policy Centre,2004.
(4)John Williamson,"What Washington Means by Policy Reform,"in John Williamson,ed.,Latin American Readjustment:How Much has Happened,Institute for International Economics,1989,p.7.
(5)Suisheng Zhao,"The China Model:Can It Replace the Western Model of Modernization?",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.19,No.65,2010,p.420.
(6)Riodan Roett and Guadalupe Paz,"Introduction",in Riodan Roett and Guadalupe Paz,eds.,China’s Expansion into the Western Hemisphere,Implications for Latin America and the United States,Brookings Institution Press,2008,p.10.
(7)Joseph Eugene Stiglitz,More Instruments and Broader Goals:Moving Toward the Post-Washington Consensus,全球政策网(https://www.globalpolicy.org/component/content/article/209/43245.html.)
(8)Joshua Cooper Ramo,The Beijing Consensus,The Foreign Policy Centre,2004.
(1)Alian Gresh,"The World Turned Upside Down:Understanding the Beijing Consensus",Le Monde Diplomatique,November 2008.
(2)Gracia Abad,The Beijing Consensus in the Shadow of the Global Financial Crisis,UNISCI Discussion Papers,2010,pp.45-60.
(3)Ewelina Ró?a Lubieniecka,"Chinese Engagement in Sub-Sabaran Africa:Can the Beijing Consensus be Explained Under Word-Systems Analysis?",Fudan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences,Vol.7,No.3,2014,p.433.
(4)Mustafa Yagci,"A Beijing Consensus in the Making:The Rise of Chinese Initiatives in the International Political Economy and Implications for Developing Countries",Perceptions,Vol.11,No.2,pp.29-56.
(5)Scott Kennedy,"The Myth of the Beijing Consensus",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.19,No.65,2010,pp.461-477.
(6)Stefan Halper,The Beijing Consensus:How China’s Authoritarian Model Will Dominate the Twenty-First Century,Basic Books,2010.
(7)Suisheng Zhao,"The China Model:can it replace the Western model of modernization?",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.19,No.65,2010,p.420.
(8)Huihua Nie,Collusion,Local Governments and Development in China:A Reflection on the ChinaModel,Spring Nature,2017,pp.5-6;Hongyi Lai,China’s Governance Model:Flexibility and Durability of Pragmatic Authoritarianism,Routledge,2016,p.3.
(9)Arif Dirlik,Beijing Consensus:Beijing"Gongshi."Who Recognizes Whom and to What End?,University of Oregon Position Paper,2006.
(1)Niv Horesh,"The‘China Model’:Expounding American Viewpoints",China Review International,Vol.18,No.3,2011,pp.270-284.
(2)Francis Fukuyama and Zhang Weiwei,"The China Model:A Dialogue between Francis Fukuyama and Zhang Weiwei",New Perspectives Quarterly,Vol.28,2011,pp.41-67.
(3)Shaun Breslin,"The China Model and the Global Crisis:from Friedrich List to a China Model",International Affairs,Vol.87,No.6,2011,pp.1323-1324.
(4)Stefan Halper,The Beijing Consensus:How China’s Authoritarian Model Will Dominate the Twenty-First Century,Basic Books,2010.
(5)Barry Naughton,"China’s Distinctive System:Can It Be AModel for Others?",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.19,No.65,2010,pp.437-460.
(6)2008 Chicago Conference on China’s Economic Transformation Program,美国芝加哥大学网(https://www.law.uchicago.edu/files/files/china-program.pdf.)
(7)该发言稿于2014年发表于《人与经济(Man and the Economy)》创刊号。see.Steven N.S.Cheung,"The Economic System of China",Man and the Economy,Vol.1,No.1,pp.1-49.
(8)Leslie Lipschitz,Céline Rochon and Geneviève Verdier,A Real Model of Transitional Growth and Competitiveness in China,International Monetary Fund,2008.
(9)Bruce J.Dickson,"Updating the China Model",The Washington Quarterly,Vol.34,No.4,2001,pp.39-58.
(10)Martin Jacques,When China Rules the World:The Rise of the Middle Kingdom and the End of the Western World,Allen Lane,2009,p.12.
(1)Suisheng Zhao,"The China Model:Can It Replace the Western Model of Modernization?",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.19,No.65,2010,p.424.
(2)参见[美]陈志武:《没有中国模式这回事》,八旗文化出版2010年版。
(3)Cheng Yung-nien,"The Chinese Model of Development:An International Perspective",Social Sciences in China,Vol.31,No.2,pp.44-59.
(4)Randall Peerenboom,China Modernizes:Threat to the West or Model for the rest?,Oxford University Press,2007.
(5)Sarah Biddulph,"China Modernizes:Threat to the West or Model for the Rest?By Randall Peerenboom",The China journal,No.62,2008;Brue Gillyey,"China Modernizes:Threat to the West or Model for the Rest?By Randall Peerenboom",The China Quaterly,No.191,2007,pp.755-756;Guy Caire,"China modernizes threat to the west or model for the rest?by Randal Peerenboom",Revue Tiers Monde,Vol.49,No.194,2008,p.452.
(6)Thomas F?rch,"China Modernizes:Threat to the West or Model for the Rest?By Randall Peerenboom",Aussenwirtschaft,Vol.64,No.1,2009,pp.97-98.
(7)Anurag Mohanty Viswanath,"China Modernizes:Threat to the West or Model for the Rest?By Randall Peerenboom",Journal of contemporary Asia,2009.
(8)Ling Tek Soon,"Perception of Reform:‘China Model’as Affirmation?",International Journal of China Studies,Vol.2,No.1,2011,pp.99-113;Shuisen Zhao,"Whither the China Model:Revisiting the Debate",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.26,No.103,2017,pp.1-17.
(9)参见《关于实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦论述摘编》,中央文献出版社2013年版。
(10)《习近平谈文化自信》,《人民日报(海外版)》,2016年07月13日。
(1)Vesna Jablanovic,"The Chaotic Economic Growth Model:China",Advances in Management and Applied Economics,Vol.3,No.4,2013,pp.89-94.
(2)Tony Andréani and Rémy Herrera,"Which Economic Model for China?-Review of La Voie chinoise by Michel Aglietta and Guo Bai",International Critical Thought,Vol.5,No.1,2015,pp.111-125.
(3)Daniel Bell,The China Model:Political Meritocracy and the Limits of Democracy,Princeton University Press,2015.
(4)Paul Evans,"The China Model:Poltiical Meritocracy and the Limits of Democracy by Daniel Bell",Pacific Affairs,Vol.91,No.1,2018,pp.138-140.
(5)Kang Chen,"Two China Models and Local Government Entrepreneurship",China:An International Journal,Vol.14,No.3,2016,pp.16-28.
(6)Jessica Teets,Civil society under authoritarianism:the China model,Cambridge University Press,2014.
(7)Timothy Hildebrandt,"Civil Society Under Authoritarianism:The China Model,by Jessita Teets",The China Quarterly,No.221,2015,pp.243-285.
(8)Ming Wan,The China Model and Global Political Economy:Comparison,Impact,and Interaction,Routledge,2014.
(1)Chun Lin,China and Global Capitalism:Reflections on Marxism,History,and Contemporary Politics,Palgrave Macmillan,2013.
(2)Thomas David Dubois,"The China Model and Global Political Economy:Comparison,Impact,and Interaction,by Ming Wan,and China and Global Capitalism:Reflections on Marxism,History and Contemporary Politics,by Lin Chun",The China Journal,No.74,2015,pp.160-164.
(3)Suisheng Zhao,"Whither the China Model:Revisiting the Debate",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.26,No.103,2017,pp.1-17.
(4)Ling Chen and Barry Naughton,"A Dynamic China Model:The Co-Evolution of Economics and Politics in China",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.26,No.103,pp.18-34.
(5)Minglu Chen and David S.G.Goodman,"The China Model:One County,Six Authors",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.21,No.73,2012,pp.169-185.
(6)Stefan Halper,The Beijing Consensus:How China’s Authoritarian Model Will Dominate the Twenty-First Century,Basic Books,2010.
(7)Kerry Brown,"The Beijing Consensus:How China's Authoritarian Model Will Dominate the Twenty-First Century by Stefan Halper",Times Higher Education Supplement,April 22,2010.
(1)Martin Jacques,Martin Jacques interviewed by Alan Macfarlan,麦克法兰网(http://www.alanmacfarlane.com/DO/filmshow/jacques1_fast.htm.)
(2)Martin Jacques,When China Rules the World:The Rise of the Middle Kingdom and the End of the Western World,Allen Lane,2009,p.12.
(3)Arif Dirlik,Revolution and History:The Origins of Marxist Historiography in China,1919-1937,University of California Press,1978.
(4)Arif Dirlik,Beijing Consensus:Beijing"Gongshi."Who Recognizes Whom and to What End?,University of Oregon Position Paper,2006.
(5)Daniel Bell,The China Model:Political Meritocracy and the Limits of Democracy,Princeton University Press,2015,p.197.
(6)Minglu Chen and David S.G.Goodman,"The China Model:One County,Six Authors",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.21,No.73,2012,pp.169-185.
(7)Barry Naughton,"China’s Distinctive System:Can It Be AModel for Others?",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.19,No.65,2010,pp.437-460.
(1)中共中央党史研究室:《正确看待改革开放前后两个历史时期》,人民网(http://theory.people.com.cn/n/2013/1108/c40531-23472265.html.)
(2)Giovanni Arrighi,Adam Smith in Beijing:Lineages of the Twenty-First Century,Verso,2007.
(3)Richard Walker,"Karl Marx between Two Worlds:the Antinomies of Giovanni Arrighi’s Admam Smith in Beijing",Historical Materialism:Research in Critical Marxist theory,Vol.18,No.1,2010,pp.52-57.
(4)《习近平谈文化自信》,《人民日报(海外版)》,2016年07月13日。
(1)Ewelina Ró?a Lubieniecka,"Chinese Engagement in Sub-Sabaran Africa;Can the Beijing Consensus be Explained Under Word-Systems Analysis?",Fudan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences,Vol.7,No.3,2014,p.433.
(2)Huihua Nie,Collusion,Local Governments and Development in China:A Reflection on the China,Spring Nature,2017,pp.3-4.
(3)Minglu Chen and David S.G.Goodman,"The China Model:One County,Six Authors",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.21,No.73,2012,p.170.
(4)胡耀邦:《全面开创社会主义现代化建设的新局面:在中国共产党第十二次全国代表大会上的报告》,人民网(http://cpc.people.com.cn/GB/64162/64168/64565/65448/4526430.html.)
(5)林毅夫:《邓小平的经济预测保守了》,新浪网(http://finance.sina.com.cn/zl/china/20140820/115320066940.shtml.)
(6)Minglu Chen and David S.G.Goodman,"The China Model:One County,Six Authors",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.21,No.73,2012,p.170.
(7)International Monetary Fund,World Economic Outlook,统计时代网(http://statisticstimes.com/economy/countries-by-projected-gdp.php.)
(8)Central Intelligence Agency,"China",World Fact Book,美国中央情报局网(https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ch.html.)
(9)Central Intelligence Agency,"Exports-partners",World Fact Book,2018,美国中央情报局网(https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2050.html.);Central Intelligence Agency,"Exportspartners",World Fact Book,美国中央情报局网(https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2061.html.)
(1)"Quaterly Chronicle and Documentation(October-December 1978)",The China Quaterly,Vol.77,No.1,1979,pp.157-216.
(2)Kavaljit Singh,"From Beijing Consensus to Washington Consensus:China’s Journey to Liberalization and Globalization",Asia-Pacific Journal,No.7,2002.
(3)Joshua Cooper Ramo,The Beijing Consensus,The Foreign Policy Centre,2004.
(4)John Williamson,"What Washington Means by Policy Reform,"in John Williamson,ed.,Latin American Readjustment:How Much has Happened,Institute for International Economics,1989,p.7.
(5)Suisheng Zhao,"The China Model:Can It Replace the Western Model of Modernization?",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.19,No.65,2010,p.420.
(6)Riodan Roett and Guadalupe Paz,"Introduction",in Riodan Roett and Guadalupe Paz,eds.,China’s Expansion into the Western Hemisphere,Implications for Latin America and the United States,Brookings Institution Press,2008,p.10.
(7)Joseph Eugene Stiglitz,More Instruments and Broader Goals:Moving Toward the Post-Washington Consensus,全球政策网(https://www.globalpolicy.org/component/content/article/209/43245.html.)
(8)Joshua Cooper Ramo,The Beijing Consensus,The Foreign Policy Centre,2004.
(1)Alian Gresh,"The World Turned Upside Down:Understanding the Beijing Consensus",Le Monde Diplomatique,November 2008.
(2)Gracia Abad,The Beijing Consensus in the Shadow of the Global Financial Crisis,UNISCI Discussion Papers,2010,pp.45-60.
(3)Ewelina Ró?a Lubieniecka,"Chinese Engagement in Sub-Sabaran Africa:Can the Beijing Consensus be Explained Under Word-Systems Analysis?",Fudan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences,Vol.7,No.3,2014,p.433.
(4)Mustafa Yagci,"A Beijing Consensus in the Making:The Rise of Chinese Initiatives in the International Political Economy and Implications for Developing Countries",Perceptions,Vol.11,No.2,pp.29-56.
(5)Scott Kennedy,"The Myth of the Beijing Consensus",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.19,No.65,2010,pp.461-477.
(6)Stefan Halper,The Beijing Consensus:How China’s Authoritarian Model Will Dominate the Twenty-First Century,Basic Books,2010.
(7)Suisheng Zhao,"The China Model:can it replace the Western model of modernization?",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.19,No.65,2010,p.420.
(8)Huihua Nie,Collusion,Local Governments and Development in China:A Reflection on the ChinaModel,Spring Nature,2017,pp.5-6;Hongyi Lai,China’s Governance Model:Flexibility and Durability of Pragmatic Authoritarianism,Routledge,2016,p.3.
(9)Arif Dirlik,Beijing Consensus:Beijing"Gongshi."Who Recognizes Whom and to What End?,University of Oregon Position Paper,2006.
(1)Niv Horesh,"The‘China Model’:Expounding American Viewpoints",China Review International,Vol.18,No.3,2011,pp.270-284.
(2)Francis Fukuyama and Zhang Weiwei,"The China Model:A Dialogue between Francis Fukuyama and Zhang Weiwei",New Perspectives Quarterly,Vol.28,2011,pp.41-67.
(3)Shaun Breslin,"The China Model and the Global Crisis:from Friedrich List to a China Model",International Affairs,Vol.87,No.6,2011,pp.1323-1324.
(4)Stefan Halper,The Beijing Consensus:How China’s Authoritarian Model Will Dominate the Twenty-First Century,Basic Books,2010.
(5)Barry Naughton,"China’s Distinctive System:Can It Be AModel for Others?",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.19,No.65,2010,pp.437-460.
(6)2008 Chicago Conference on China’s Economic Transformation Program,美国芝加哥大学网(https://www.law.uchicago.edu/files/files/china-program.pdf.)
(7)该发言稿于2014年发表于《人与经济(Man and the Economy)》创刊号。see.Steven N.S.Cheung,"The Economic System of China",Man and the Economy,Vol.1,No.1,pp.1-49.
(8)Leslie Lipschitz,Céline Rochon and Geneviève Verdier,A Real Model of Transitional Growth and Competitiveness in China,International Monetary Fund,2008.
(9)Bruce J.Dickson,"Updating the China Model",The Washington Quarterly,Vol.34,No.4,2001,pp.39-58.
(10)Martin Jacques,When China Rules the World:The Rise of the Middle Kingdom and the End of the Western World,Allen Lane,2009,p.12.
(1)Suisheng Zhao,"The China Model:Can It Replace the Western Model of Modernization?",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.19,No.65,2010,p.424.
(2)参见[美]陈志武:《没有中国模式这回事》,八旗文化出版2010年版。
(3)Cheng Yung-nien,"The Chinese Model of Development:An International Perspective",Social Sciences in China,Vol.31,No.2,pp.44-59.
(4)Randall Peerenboom,China Modernizes:Threat to the West or Model for the rest?,Oxford University Press,2007.
(5)Sarah Biddulph,"China Modernizes:Threat to the West or Model for the Rest?By Randall Peerenboom",The China journal,No.62,2008;Brue Gillyey,"China Modernizes:Threat to the West or Model for the Rest?By Randall Peerenboom",The China Quaterly,No.191,2007,pp.755-756;Guy Caire,"China modernizes threat to the west or model for the rest?by Randal Peerenboom",Revue Tiers Monde,Vol.49,No.194,2008,p.452.
(6)Thomas F?rch,"China Modernizes:Threat to the West or Model for the Rest?By Randall Peerenboom",Aussenwirtschaft,Vol.64,No.1,2009,pp.97-98.
(7)Anurag Mohanty Viswanath,"China Modernizes:Threat to the West or Model for the Rest?By Randall Peerenboom",Journal of contemporary Asia,2009.
(8)Ling Tek Soon,"Perception of Reform:‘China Model’as Affirmation?",International Journal of China Studies,Vol.2,No.1,2011,pp.99-113;Shuisen Zhao,"Whither the China Model:Revisiting the Debate",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.26,No.103,2017,pp.1-17.
(9)参见《关于实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦论述摘编》,中央文献出版社2013年版。
(10)《习近平谈文化自信》,《人民日报(海外版)》,2016年07月13日。
(1)Vesna Jablanovic,"The Chaotic Economic Growth Model:China",Advances in Management and Applied Economics,Vol.3,No.4,2013,pp.89-94.
(2)Tony Andréani and Rémy Herrera,"Which Economic Model for China?-Review of La Voie chinoise by Michel Aglietta and Guo Bai",International Critical Thought,Vol.5,No.1,2015,pp.111-125.
(3)Daniel Bell,The China Model:Political Meritocracy and the Limits of Democracy,Princeton University Press,2015.
(4)Paul Evans,"The China Model:Poltiical Meritocracy and the Limits of Democracy by Daniel Bell",Pacific Affairs,Vol.91,No.1,2018,pp.138-140.
(5)Kang Chen,"Two China Models and Local Government Entrepreneurship",China:An International Journal,Vol.14,No.3,2016,pp.16-28.
(6)Jessica Teets,Civil society under authoritarianism:the China model,Cambridge University Press,2014.
(7)Timothy Hildebrandt,"Civil Society Under Authoritarianism:The China Model,by Jessita Teets",The China Quarterly,No.221,2015,pp.243-285.
(8)Ming Wan,The China Model and Global Political Economy:Comparison,Impact,and Interaction,Routledge,2014.
(1)Chun Lin,China and Global Capitalism:Reflections on Marxism,History,and Contemporary Politics,Palgrave Macmillan,2013.
(2)Thomas David Dubois,"The China Model and Global Political Economy:Comparison,Impact,and Interaction,by Ming Wan,and China and Global Capitalism:Reflections on Marxism,History and Contemporary Politics,by Lin Chun",The China Journal,No.74,2015,pp.160-164.
(3)Suisheng Zhao,"Whither the China Model:Revisiting the Debate",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.26,No.103,2017,pp.1-17.
(4)Ling Chen and Barry Naughton,"A Dynamic China Model:The Co-Evolution of Economics and Politics in China",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.26,No.103,pp.18-34.
(5)Minglu Chen and David S.G.Goodman,"The China Model:One County,Six Authors",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.21,No.73,2012,pp.169-185.
(6)Stefan Halper,The Beijing Consensus:How China’s Authoritarian Model Will Dominate the Twenty-First Century,Basic Books,2010.
(7)Kerry Brown,"The Beijing Consensus:How China's Authoritarian Model Will Dominate the Twenty-First Century by Stefan Halper",Times Higher Education Supplement,April 22,2010.
(1)Martin Jacques,Martin Jacques interviewed by Alan Macfarlan,麦克法兰网(http://www.alanmacfarlane.com/DO/filmshow/jacques1_fast.htm.)
(2)Martin Jacques,When China Rules the World:The Rise of the Middle Kingdom and the End of the Western World,Allen Lane,2009,p.12.
(3)Arif Dirlik,Revolution and History:The Origins of Marxist Historiography in China,1919-1937,University of California Press,1978.
(4)Arif Dirlik,Beijing Consensus:Beijing"Gongshi."Who Recognizes Whom and to What End?,University of Oregon Position Paper,2006.
(5)Daniel Bell,The China Model:Political Meritocracy and the Limits of Democracy,Princeton University Press,2015,p.197.
(6)Minglu Chen and David S.G.Goodman,"The China Model:One County,Six Authors",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.21,No.73,2012,pp.169-185.
(7)Barry Naughton,"China’s Distinctive System:Can It Be AModel for Others?",Journal of Contemporary China,Vol.19,No.65,2010,pp.437-460.
(1)中共中央党史研究室:《正确看待改革开放前后两个历史时期》,人民网(http://theory.people.com.cn/n/2013/1108/c40531-23472265.html.)
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