重金属Cu~(2+)、Cd~(2+)对光裸方格星虫的急性毒性效应
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摘要
为探讨重金属离子Cu~(2+)、Cd~(2+)对光裸方格星虫的急性毒性效应,设置了6个浓度梯度和3个处理时间,观察记录方格星虫死亡情况及组织形态图检。结果表明:1)在具有一定Cu~(2+)和Cd~(2+)浓度处理中的光裸方格星虫均呈现中毒现象,光裸方格星虫的死亡率随着重金属离子浓度的增加和处理时间的延长而逐渐升高,具有明显的剂量与时间效应。2)Cu~(2+)对光裸方格星虫的毒性大于Cd~(2+),Cu~(2+)对光裸星虫的48 h LC_(50)和72 h LC_(50)值分别为10.60mg/L和4.36 mg/L,Cd~(2+)的48 h LC50和72 h LC_(50)分别为11.95 mg/L和5.76 mg/L。3)光裸方格星虫的食道及胃肠道是重金属离子的主要侵害部位,也是较先受到毒性作用的部位。
In order to explore the acute toxicity effect of heavy metal ions( Cu~(2+)and Cd~(2+)) on Sipunculus nudus,we set six concentration gradients and three processing time to observe mortality and histological test of Sipunculus nudus. The results showed that: 1) Sipunculus nudus were poisoned in certain concentrations of Cu~(2+)and Cd~(2+). The mortality rate of Sipunculus nudus increased with the increasing of heavy metal ions concentration and the extension of processing time,which had the obvious dosage and time effect.( 2) The Cu~(2+)function of toxicity was greater than that of Cd~(2+)in Sipunculus nudus. The LC_(50) values of Cu~(2+)at 48 h and 72 h were 10. 60 mg/L and 4. 36 mg/L,respectively,and the LC_(50) values of Cd~(2+)at 48 h and 72 h were11. 95 mg/L and 5. 76 mg/L,respectively. 3) The esophagus and gastrointestinal were the mainly and first part poisoned in Sipunculus nudus of heavy metals.
In order to explore the acute toxicity effect of heavy metal ions( Cu~(2+)and Cd~(2+)) on Sipunculus nudus,we set six concentration gradients and three processing time to observe mortality and histological test of Sipunculus nudus. The results showed that: 1) Sipunculus nudus were poisoned in certain concentrations of Cu~(2+)and Cd~(2+). The mortality rate of Sipunculus nudus increased with the increasing of heavy metal ions concentration and the extension of processing time,which had the obvious dosage and time effect.( 2) The Cu~(2+)function of toxicity was greater than that of Cd~(2+)in Sipunculus nudus. The LC_(50) values of Cu~(2+)at 48 h and 72 h were 10. 60 mg/L and 4. 36 mg/L,respectively,and the LC_(50) values of Cd~(2+)at 48 h and 72 h were11. 95 mg/L and 5. 76 mg/L,respectively. 3) The esophagus and gastrointestinal were the mainly and first part poisoned in Sipunculus nudus of heavy metals.
引文
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[2]刘静宜,任安璞,彭安,等.环境化学[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1987.
[3]Rainbow P S.Copper,cadmium and zinc concentrations in oceanic amphipod and euphausiid crustaceans,as a source of heavy metals to pelagic seabirds[J].Mar.Biol,1989,103(4):513-518.
[4]国家海洋局.2006年中国海洋环境公报[J].海洋世界,2007,(2):4-5.
[5]肖安东,匡光伟.重金属对畜产品安全的危害与对策[J].中国兽药杂志,2011,45(4):49-51.
[6]朱映川,刘雯,周遗品,等.水体重金属污染现状及其治理方法研究进展[J].广东农业科学,2008,(8):143-146.
[7]孔繁翔.环境生物学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000.
[8]Eisler R.Trace metal concentrations in marine organisms[M].New York:Pergamon Press,1981.
[9]Rainbow P S.海洋生物对重金属的积累及意义[J].海洋环境科学,1992,11(1):44-52.
[10]贺亮,范必威.海洋环境中的重金属及其对海洋生物的影响[J].广州化学,2006,(3):63-69.
[11]周永欣,章宗涉.水生生物毒性试验方法[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1989.
[12]李俊辉,王忠维.重金属离子对裸体方格星虫的急性毒性试验[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(3):1482-1483.
[13]吴鹏飞,王嫣,顾志峰,等.光裸方格星虫消化道的形态和组织学观察[J].渔业科学进展,2010,31(1):74-79.
[14]邓中日,黄勃,方再光.裸体方格星虫体壁形态和组织学结构[J].湖南城市学院学报(自然科学版),2007,16(1):62-65.
[15]曾灿星,陈静生.研究不同金属形态的毒性效应在探讨重金属水环境容量中的作用[J].环境化学,1986,5(5):1-11.
[16]赵红霞,詹勇,许梓荣.重金属对水生动物毒性的研究进展[J].中国兽医杂志,2004,28(4):13-18.
[17]Roesijadi G.Metallothioneins in metal regulation and toxicity in aquatic animals[J].Toxicol.,1992,22(2):81-114.
[18]Brown C L,Michel C,Devillez E J.Structural and biochemical observations on the ipunculid digestive tract[J].American zoologist,1979,19(3):908.
[19]郭永灿,王振中,张友梅,等.重金属对蚯蚓胃肠道上皮细胞超微结构损伤的研究[J].生态学报,1997,17(3):282-287.